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In spectraldomain optical coherence tomography the sample is illuminated by a broadband light source, and the spectrum of the interference light between the light returned from the sample and a reference mirror is detected by a grating spectrometer. Conventionally, the grating spectrometer is comprised of a diffraction grating, a focusing lens, and a line-scan camera. According to the grating equation the diffraction angle from the grating is approximately linearly related to the optical wavelength. Thus the distribution function of the light spectrum at the line-scan camera is nonlinearly dependent on wavenumber. For the high-quality image reconstruction, the numerical resampling of the spectral interference data from wavelength-space to wavenumber-space is commonly required prior to the Fourier Transformation. The nonlinear detection of the spectral interferograms in wavenumber space also degrades the depth-dependent signal sensitivity in conventional linear-wavelength spectrometer based spectraldomain optical coherence tomography. Recently reported spectraldomain optical coherence tomography based on a linearwavenumber spectrometer does not need the resampling or interpolating of the nonlinearwavenumber interference spectral data, which greatly reduces the cost of computation and improves the imaging sensitivity. Various methods based on the different evaluation protocols for optimizing the design of the linear-wavenumber spectrometer have been reported. Here we report an effective optimization method for linear-wavenumber spectrometer used in a high-resolution spectral domain optical coherence tomography system. We take the reciprocal of the fullwidthhalfmaximum of the simulated point spread function as an evaluating criterion to optimize the structure parameters of the linearwavenumber spectrometer, including the refractive index and the vertex angle of the dispersive prism and the rotation angle between the diffraction grating and the dispersive prism. According to the optimization, an F2 equilateral dispersive prism is used to construct the optimized linearwavenumber spectrometer with a rotation angle of 21.8°. We construct an optimized linearwavenumber spectrometer and implement the spectrometer in a developed spectraldomain optical coherence tomography system as a detection unit. We evaluate the performances of the linear-wavenumber spectrometer both theoretically and experimentally. The experimentally measured axial resolution of the spectraldomain optical coherence tomography system based on the linear-wavenumber spectrometer is 8.52 μm, and the sensitivity is measured to be 91 dB with -6 dB sensitivity roll-off within a depth range of 1.2 mm. The experimentally measured sensitivity roll-off curve accords well with the theoretical sensitivity roll-off curve. Utilizing the general parallel computing capability of a GPU card, the highquality spectraldomain optical coherence tomography images of the human finger skin can be reconstructed in real time without any resampling or interpolating process.
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Keywords:
- linear wavenumber spectrometer /
- optimization /
- axial resolution /
- sensitivity
[1] Huang D, Swanson E A, Lin C P, Schuman J S, Stinson W G, Chang W, Hee M R, Flotte T, Gregory K, Puliafito C A, Fujimoto J G 1991 Science 254 1178
[2] Fercher F A, Hitzenberger C K, Kamp G, Elzaiat S Y 1995 Opt. Commun. 117 43
[3] Hausler G, Lindner M W 1998 J. Biomed. Opt. 3 21
[4] Cho H S, Jang S J, Kim K, Dan A V, Shishkov M, Bouma B E, Oh W Y 2013 Biomed. Opt. Express 5 223
[5] Wang R K, Zhang A Q, Choi W J, Zhang Q Q, Chen C L, Miller A, Gregori G, Rosenfeld P J 2016 Opt. Lett. 41 2330
[6] Liang Y M, Zhou D C, Meng F Y, Wang M W 2007 Acta Phys. Sin. 56 3246 (in Chinese)[梁艳梅, 周大川, 孟凡勇, 王明伟 2007 物理学报 56 3246]
[7] Jia Y Q, Liang Y M, Zhu X N 2007 Acta Phys. Sin. 56 3861 (in Chinese)[贾亚青, 梁艳梅, 朱晓农 2007 物理学报 56 3861]
[8] Huang L M, Ding Z H, Hong W, Wang C 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 023401 (in Chinese)[黄良敏, 丁志华, 洪威, 王川 2011 物理学报 60 023401]
[9] Leitgeb R, Hitzenberger C K, Fercher A F 2003 Opt. Expresss 11 889
[10] Choma M A, Sarunic M V, Yang C, Izatt J A 2003 Opt. Express 11 2183
[11] Brauer B, Murdoch S G, Vanholsbeeck F 2016 Opt. Lett. 41 5732
[12] Zhang M, Hwang T S, Campbell J P, Bailey S T, Wilson J D, Huang D, Jia Y 2016 Biomed. Opt. Express 7 816
[13] Photiou C, Bousi E, Zouvani I, Pitris C 2017 Biomed. Opt. Express 8 2528
[14] Chen J B, Zeng Y G, Yuan Z L, Tang Z L 2018 Acta Opt. Sin. 38 0111001 (in Chinese)[陈俊波, 曾亚光, 袁治灵, 唐志列 2018 光学学报 38 0111001]
[15] Gao W R, Chen Y D, Liu C, Zhang T Q, Zhu Y 2016 Acta Opt. Sin. 45 0611001 (in Chinese)[高万荣, 陈一丹, 刘畅, 张秋庭, 朱越 2016 光学学报 45 0611001]
[16] Bao W, Ding Z H, Wang C, Mei S T 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 114202 (in Chinese)[鲍文, 丁志华, 王川, 梅胜涛 2013 物理学报 62 114202]
[17] Hu Z L, Pan Y S, Rollins A M 2007 Appl. Opt. 46 8499
[18] Dorrer C, Belabas N, Likforman J P, Joffre M 2000 J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 17 1795
[19] Hu Z L, Rollins A M 2007 Phys. Opt. Lett. 32 3525
[20] Gelikonov V M, Gelikonov G V, Shilyagin P A 2009 Opt. Spectrosc. 106 459
[21] Watanabe Y, Itagaki T 2009 J. Biomed. Opt. 14 48
[22] Lee S W, Kam H, Joo H P, Tae G L, Eun S L, Jae Y L 2015 J. Opt. Soc. Korea 19 55
[23] Lan G P, Li G Q 2017 Sci. Rep. 7 75
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[1] Huang D, Swanson E A, Lin C P, Schuman J S, Stinson W G, Chang W, Hee M R, Flotte T, Gregory K, Puliafito C A, Fujimoto J G 1991 Science 254 1178
[2] Fercher F A, Hitzenberger C K, Kamp G, Elzaiat S Y 1995 Opt. Commun. 117 43
[3] Hausler G, Lindner M W 1998 J. Biomed. Opt. 3 21
[4] Cho H S, Jang S J, Kim K, Dan A V, Shishkov M, Bouma B E, Oh W Y 2013 Biomed. Opt. Express 5 223
[5] Wang R K, Zhang A Q, Choi W J, Zhang Q Q, Chen C L, Miller A, Gregori G, Rosenfeld P J 2016 Opt. Lett. 41 2330
[6] Liang Y M, Zhou D C, Meng F Y, Wang M W 2007 Acta Phys. Sin. 56 3246 (in Chinese)[梁艳梅, 周大川, 孟凡勇, 王明伟 2007 物理学报 56 3246]
[7] Jia Y Q, Liang Y M, Zhu X N 2007 Acta Phys. Sin. 56 3861 (in Chinese)[贾亚青, 梁艳梅, 朱晓农 2007 物理学报 56 3861]
[8] Huang L M, Ding Z H, Hong W, Wang C 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 023401 (in Chinese)[黄良敏, 丁志华, 洪威, 王川 2011 物理学报 60 023401]
[9] Leitgeb R, Hitzenberger C K, Fercher A F 2003 Opt. Expresss 11 889
[10] Choma M A, Sarunic M V, Yang C, Izatt J A 2003 Opt. Express 11 2183
[11] Brauer B, Murdoch S G, Vanholsbeeck F 2016 Opt. Lett. 41 5732
[12] Zhang M, Hwang T S, Campbell J P, Bailey S T, Wilson J D, Huang D, Jia Y 2016 Biomed. Opt. Express 7 816
[13] Photiou C, Bousi E, Zouvani I, Pitris C 2017 Biomed. Opt. Express 8 2528
[14] Chen J B, Zeng Y G, Yuan Z L, Tang Z L 2018 Acta Opt. Sin. 38 0111001 (in Chinese)[陈俊波, 曾亚光, 袁治灵, 唐志列 2018 光学学报 38 0111001]
[15] Gao W R, Chen Y D, Liu C, Zhang T Q, Zhu Y 2016 Acta Opt. Sin. 45 0611001 (in Chinese)[高万荣, 陈一丹, 刘畅, 张秋庭, 朱越 2016 光学学报 45 0611001]
[16] Bao W, Ding Z H, Wang C, Mei S T 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 114202 (in Chinese)[鲍文, 丁志华, 王川, 梅胜涛 2013 物理学报 62 114202]
[17] Hu Z L, Pan Y S, Rollins A M 2007 Appl. Opt. 46 8499
[18] Dorrer C, Belabas N, Likforman J P, Joffre M 2000 J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 17 1795
[19] Hu Z L, Rollins A M 2007 Phys. Opt. Lett. 32 3525
[20] Gelikonov V M, Gelikonov G V, Shilyagin P A 2009 Opt. Spectrosc. 106 459
[21] Watanabe Y, Itagaki T 2009 J. Biomed. Opt. 14 48
[22] Lee S W, Kam H, Joo H P, Tae G L, Eun S L, Jae Y L 2015 J. Opt. Soc. Korea 19 55
[23] Lan G P, Li G Q 2017 Sci. Rep. 7 75
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