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In order to suppress the higher order modes and improve beam quality in high power waveguide laser, based on gainguided index-antiguided theory, a new symmetric layered waveguide structure is designed, and an interval layer is proposed to be sandwiched between waveguide layer and cladding layer in traditional symmetric GG-IAG waveguide structure. As a result, while reducing the leakage loss of fundamental mode, the threshold gain coefficient differences between fundamental mode and higher order modes will be further increased. When the gain in waveguide layer is between threshold gain coefficient of fundamental mode and that of higher order mode, the fundamental mode will have a greater advantage in mode competition than others, so higher order modes can be suppressed and the laser can obtain a single mode output. In the meantime, the guided-mode principle of this waveguide structure is explained with the theory of wave optics in this paper, the eigen equation of each mode is derived from the wave equation, and the field distributions of fundamental mode and higher order mode are also given. Additionally, in this paper we give the solution process of the threshold gain coefficient of each mode in this waveguide structure. The mode leakage losses of fundamental mode and higher order mode, after adding the interval layer, are numerically calculated, and the parameter optimization process of the interval layer is also given in this paper. In addition, the field distributions of fundamental mode and higher order mode are numerically simulated. The calculation results show that comparing with the traditional symmetric GG-IAG planar waveguide, after adding the interval layer, the loss of fundamental mode can be greatly reduced, while ensuring that the leakage loss of higher order mode reaches a maximum value by reasonably controlling the parameters of interval layer. In this way, we can suppress higher order modes and improve laser efficiency. This paper provides a new idea for improving the beam quality of high power waveguide laser with a large mode area.
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Keywords:
- waveguide /
- eigen equation /
- mode loss /
- mode field distribution
[1] Agrawal P G 2007 Applications of Nonlinear Fiber Optics (3rd Ed.) (New York:Academic Press) pp13-17
[2] Ryvkin B S, Avrutin E A 2005 J. Appl. Phys. 98 2266
[3] Bonner C L, Bhutta T, Shepherd D P, Tropper A C 2000 IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 36 236
[4] Mackenzie J I, Li C, Shepherd D P, Meissner H E, Mitchell S C 2001 Opt. Lett. 26 698
[5] Hettrick S J, Mackenzie J I, Harris R D, Wilkinson J S, Shepherd D P, Tropper A C 2000 Opt. Lett. 25 1433
[6] Baker H, Lee J, Hall D 2002 Opt. Express 10 297
[7] Liang W, Xu Y, Choi J M, Yariv A 2003 Opt. Lett. 28 2079
[8] Kumar A, Rastogi V, Chiang K S 2006 Appl. Phys. 85 11
[9] Siegman A E 2003 J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 20 1617
[10] Siegman A E 2007 J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 24 1677
[11] Hageman W, Chen Y, Wang X, Gao L, Kim G U, Richardson M, Bass M 2010 J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 27 2451
[12] Hageman W, Chen Y, Wang X, Xiong C, Kim G U, Ballato J, Richardson M, Bass M 2012 J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 29 191
[13] Liu Y, Her T H, Dittli A, Casperson L W 2013 Appl. Phys. Lett. 103 2420
[14] Wang C, Her T H, Zhao L, Ao X, Casperson L W, Lai C H, Chang H C 2011 J. Lightw. Technol. 29 1958
[15] Liu Y, Her T H, Lee C 2015 Opt. Soc. Am. 107 1
[16] Liu Y, Her T H, Wang C, Casperson L W 2016 AIP Adv. 6 125206
[17] Yariv A (translated by Chen H M) 2004 Optical Electronics in Modern Communications (5th Ed.) (Beijing:House of Electronics Industry Press) pp372-377 (in Chinese)[安农亚里夫 著(陈鹤鸣 译) 2004 现代通信光电子学 (第五版) (北京:电子工业出版社) 第372377页]
[18] Siegman A E, Chen Y, Sudesh V, Richardson M C, Bass M 2006 Appl. Phys. Lett. 89 251101
[19] Dittli A, Her T H 2013 SPIE 8600 21
[20] Kasap S O 2003 Optoelectronics and Photon Principles and Practices (2nd Ed.) (Beijing:House of Electronics Industry Press) pp14-36
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[1] Agrawal P G 2007 Applications of Nonlinear Fiber Optics (3rd Ed.) (New York:Academic Press) pp13-17
[2] Ryvkin B S, Avrutin E A 2005 J. Appl. Phys. 98 2266
[3] Bonner C L, Bhutta T, Shepherd D P, Tropper A C 2000 IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 36 236
[4] Mackenzie J I, Li C, Shepherd D P, Meissner H E, Mitchell S C 2001 Opt. Lett. 26 698
[5] Hettrick S J, Mackenzie J I, Harris R D, Wilkinson J S, Shepherd D P, Tropper A C 2000 Opt. Lett. 25 1433
[6] Baker H, Lee J, Hall D 2002 Opt. Express 10 297
[7] Liang W, Xu Y, Choi J M, Yariv A 2003 Opt. Lett. 28 2079
[8] Kumar A, Rastogi V, Chiang K S 2006 Appl. Phys. 85 11
[9] Siegman A E 2003 J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 20 1617
[10] Siegman A E 2007 J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 24 1677
[11] Hageman W, Chen Y, Wang X, Gao L, Kim G U, Richardson M, Bass M 2010 J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 27 2451
[12] Hageman W, Chen Y, Wang X, Xiong C, Kim G U, Ballato J, Richardson M, Bass M 2012 J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 29 191
[13] Liu Y, Her T H, Dittli A, Casperson L W 2013 Appl. Phys. Lett. 103 2420
[14] Wang C, Her T H, Zhao L, Ao X, Casperson L W, Lai C H, Chang H C 2011 J. Lightw. Technol. 29 1958
[15] Liu Y, Her T H, Lee C 2015 Opt. Soc. Am. 107 1
[16] Liu Y, Her T H, Wang C, Casperson L W 2016 AIP Adv. 6 125206
[17] Yariv A (translated by Chen H M) 2004 Optical Electronics in Modern Communications (5th Ed.) (Beijing:House of Electronics Industry Press) pp372-377 (in Chinese)[安农亚里夫 著(陈鹤鸣 译) 2004 现代通信光电子学 (第五版) (北京:电子工业出版社) 第372377页]
[18] Siegman A E, Chen Y, Sudesh V, Richardson M C, Bass M 2006 Appl. Phys. Lett. 89 251101
[19] Dittli A, Her T H 2013 SPIE 8600 21
[20] Kasap S O 2003 Optoelectronics and Photon Principles and Practices (2nd Ed.) (Beijing:House of Electronics Industry Press) pp14-36
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