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The metastable phase separation and rapid solidification of ternary Co-Cu-Pb monotectic alloys have been investigated under free fall condition. With the decrease of droplet diameter, the microstructures of Co51Cu47Pb2 and Co47Cu44Pb9 alloys display a "dendrite→core-shell→dendrite" transformation and a morphology transition from core-shell to homogeneous microstructure, respectively. X-ray diffraction analysis indicates that the solidified microstructures are composed of α(Co), (Cu) and (Pb) phases. α(Co) and (Cu) phases grow mainly in dendritic manner, and (Pb) phase is distributed interdendritically among (Cu) phase. Both experimental results and theoretical calculations reveal that the interfacial energy between (Co)/(Pb) liquid phases is larger than thoses of (Co)/(Cu) and (Cu)/(Pb) phases. The weak wetting ability between (Co) and (Pb) liquids results in the distribution of (Pb) phase inside the Cu-rich zone instead of Co-rich zone. Three possible solidification routes are deduced according to the solidification microstructure, in which the solidification process consists of phase separation L→L1(Cu)+L2(Co), peritectic transformation α(Co)+L→(Cu) and monotectic transformation L(Cu)→S(Cu)+L(Pb).
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Keywords:
- phase separation /
- monotectic alloy /
- rapid solidification /
- free fall
[1] Chung H J, Composto R J 2004 Phys. Rev. Lett. 92 185704
[2] Krekhov A 2009 Phys. Rev. E 79(R) 035302
[3] Wang W L, Zhang X M, Qin H Y, Wei B 2009 Phil. Mag. Lett. 89 683
[4] Náraigh L , Thiffeault J L 2007 Phys. Rev. E 76(R) 035303
[5] Huang L J, Liu B X 1990 Appl. Phys. Lett. 57 1401
[6] Zhai W, Wang N, Wei B 2007 Acta Phys. Sin. 56 2353(in Chinese)[翟 薇、王 楠、魏炳波 2007 物理学报 56 2353]
[7] Li H L, Zhao J Z, 2008 Appl. Phys. Lett. 92 241902
[8] Luo B C, Liu X R, Wei B 2009 J. App. Phys. 106 053523
[9] Schaffer P L, Mathiesen R H, Arnberg L 2009 Acta Mater. 57 2887
[10] Liu X R, Wang N, Wei B 2005 Acta Phys. Sin. 54 1671(in Chinese) [刘向荣、王 楠、魏炳波 2005 物理学报 54 1671]
[11] Cao C D 2006 Chin. Phys. 15 872
[12] Kaban I G, Hoyer W 2008 Phys. Rev. B 77 125426
[13] Tafa K, Puri S, Kumar D 2001 Phys. Rev. E 64 056139
[14] Nishizawa T, Ishida K 1984 Binary Alloy Phase Diagram (2nd ed) (New York: ASM International) p1181
[15] Chakrabarti D J, Laughlin D E 1984 Binary Alloy Phase Diagram (2nd Ed.) (New York: ASM International) p1452
[16] Massalski T B 1990 Binary Alloy Phase Diagram (2nd ed) (New York: ASM International) p1220
[17] Zhao S, Li J F, Liu L, Zhou Y H 2009 Chin. Phys. B 18 1674
[18] Cahn J W, Hilliard J H 1958 J. Chem. Phys. 28 258
[19] Gale W F, Totememier T C 2004 Smithells Metals Reference Book (8th Ed.) (London: Butterworth) p14-1
[20] Metzger G 1959 Z. Phys. Chem. 211 1
[21] Borchers C, Bormann R 2005 Acta Mater. 53 3695
[22] Marangoni C 1871 Ann. Phys. Chem. 143 337
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[1] Chung H J, Composto R J 2004 Phys. Rev. Lett. 92 185704
[2] Krekhov A 2009 Phys. Rev. E 79(R) 035302
[3] Wang W L, Zhang X M, Qin H Y, Wei B 2009 Phil. Mag. Lett. 89 683
[4] Náraigh L , Thiffeault J L 2007 Phys. Rev. E 76(R) 035303
[5] Huang L J, Liu B X 1990 Appl. Phys. Lett. 57 1401
[6] Zhai W, Wang N, Wei B 2007 Acta Phys. Sin. 56 2353(in Chinese)[翟 薇、王 楠、魏炳波 2007 物理学报 56 2353]
[7] Li H L, Zhao J Z, 2008 Appl. Phys. Lett. 92 241902
[8] Luo B C, Liu X R, Wei B 2009 J. App. Phys. 106 053523
[9] Schaffer P L, Mathiesen R H, Arnberg L 2009 Acta Mater. 57 2887
[10] Liu X R, Wang N, Wei B 2005 Acta Phys. Sin. 54 1671(in Chinese) [刘向荣、王 楠、魏炳波 2005 物理学报 54 1671]
[11] Cao C D 2006 Chin. Phys. 15 872
[12] Kaban I G, Hoyer W 2008 Phys. Rev. B 77 125426
[13] Tafa K, Puri S, Kumar D 2001 Phys. Rev. E 64 056139
[14] Nishizawa T, Ishida K 1984 Binary Alloy Phase Diagram (2nd ed) (New York: ASM International) p1181
[15] Chakrabarti D J, Laughlin D E 1984 Binary Alloy Phase Diagram (2nd Ed.) (New York: ASM International) p1452
[16] Massalski T B 1990 Binary Alloy Phase Diagram (2nd ed) (New York: ASM International) p1220
[17] Zhao S, Li J F, Liu L, Zhou Y H 2009 Chin. Phys. B 18 1674
[18] Cahn J W, Hilliard J H 1958 J. Chem. Phys. 28 258
[19] Gale W F, Totememier T C 2004 Smithells Metals Reference Book (8th Ed.) (London: Butterworth) p14-1
[20] Metzger G 1959 Z. Phys. Chem. 211 1
[21] Borchers C, Bormann R 2005 Acta Mater. 53 3695
[22] Marangoni C 1871 Ann. Phys. Chem. 143 337
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