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80.5 MeV/u碳离子诱发铜靶的放射性剩余产物测量

周斌 于全芝 张宏斌 张雪荧 鞠永芹 陈亮 阮锡超

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80.5 MeV/u碳离子诱发铜靶的放射性剩余产物测量

周斌, 于全芝, 张宏斌, 张雪荧, 鞠永芹, 陈亮, 阮锡超

Measurement of radioactive residual nuclides induced in Cu target by 80.5 MeV/u carbon ions

Zhou Bin, Yu Quan-Zhi, Zhang Hong-Bin, Zhang Xue-Ying, Ju Yong-Qin, Chen Liang, Ruan Xi-Chao
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  • 高能重带电粒子能直接穿透靶原子核外电子层, 与原子核发生直接碰撞, 发生散裂反应, 产生一系列具有放射性的剩余产物核. 重带电粒子诱发靶材放射性剩余核与辐射防护和人员安全有着密切联系, 当前, 大部分剩余核产额主要依靠蒙特卡罗粒子输运程序进行模拟计算, 其准确程度亟需通过实验测量进行准确评估. 本文利用能量为80.5 MeV/u的12C6+ 粒子对薄铜靶开展了辐照实验与伽玛射线测量, 结合伽玛谱学分析方法, 得出了辐照产生的18种放射性剩余产物的初始活度和产生截面值, 并与PHITS模拟结果进行对比. 结果表明, PHITS模拟程序对放射性剩余核种类的估计具有较高可靠性, 在其绝对产额方面, 与实验测量仍具有较大偏差.
    Radioactive residual nuclides, which are usually closely related to radiation protection and personnel safety, will be generated when target materials are irradiated by high energy particles. Based on different nuclear reaction models, Monte Carlo code is a usual method to obtain residual nuclide production. The simulation accuracy needs to be evaluated by experimental data. In this paper, an irradiation experiment of thin copper target irradiated by 12C6+ particles with energy of 80.5 MeV/u is carried out. The radioactivities and cross-sections of 18 radioactive residual nuclides are obtained by gamma spectrometry analysis. Compared with the Monte Carlo simulation by PHITS, the results show that the spallation model of PHITS has a high reliability in estimating the types of radioactive residual nuclei, and it could be optimized in the aspect of the absolute yield.
      通信作者: 于全芝, qzhyu@iphy.ac.cn
    • 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(批准号: 11575289)与中国科学院关键技术人才项目资助的课题
      Corresponding author: Yu Quan-Zhi, qzhyu@iphy.ac.cn
    • Funds: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11575289) and CAS Key Technology Talent Program
    [1]

    Xia J W, Zhan W L, Wei B W, et al. 2002 Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., Sect. A 488 11Google Scholar

    [2]

    Wei J, Chen H S, Chen Y W, et al. 2009 Nucl. Instumr. Methods Phys. Res., A 600 10Google Scholar

    [3]

    朱升云, 郭刚, 何明, 吴振东, 袁大庆, 隋丽, 焦学胜, 常宏伟, 左义, 范平, 葛智刚, 陈东风 2020 原子能科学技术 54 1Google Scholar

    Zhu S Y, Guo G, He M, Wu Z D, Ruan D Q, Sui L, Jiao X S, Chang H W, Zuo Y, Fan P, Ge Z G, Chen D F 2020 Atom. Ener. Sci. Technol. 54 1Google Scholar

    [4]

    刘世耀 2012 质子和重离子治疗及其装置 (北京: 科学出版社) 第152页

    Liu S Y 2012 Proton and Heavy Ions Therapy and Facility (Beijing: Science Press) p152 (in Chinses)

    [5]

    Villagrasa-Cabton C, Boudard A, Ducret J E, et al. 2007 Phys. Rev. C 75 044603Google Scholar

    [6]

    林源根, 詹文龙, 郭忠言, 等 1998 物理学报 47 564Google Scholar

    Lin Y G, Zhan W L, Guo Z Y, et al. 1998 Acta Phys. Sin. 47 564Google Scholar

    [7]

    Roger E B, Daniel R M, Glenn T S 1951 Phys. Rev. 84 671Google Scholar

    [8]

    Cumming J B, Haustein P E, Stoenner R W 1974 Phys. Rev. C 10 739Google Scholar

    [9]

    Cumming J B, Stoenner R W 1976 Phys. Rev. C 14 1554Google Scholar

    [10]

    Cumming J B, Haustein P E, Ruth T J, Virtes G J 1978 Phys. Rev. C 17 1632Google Scholar

    [11]

    Porile N T, Cole G D, Rudy C R 1979 Phys. Rev. C 19 2288Google Scholar

    [12]

    Hicks K H, Ward T E, Bowman H, et al. 1982 Phys. Rev. C 26 2016Google Scholar

    [13]

    Whitfield J P, Porile N T, 1993 Phys. Rev. C 47 1636Google Scholar

    [14]

    Michel R, Gloris M, Lange H J, et al. 1995 Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., Sect. B 103 183Google Scholar

    [15]

    Michel R, Bodemann R, Busemann H, et al. 1997 Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., Sect. B 129 153Google Scholar

    [16]

    Titarenko Y E, Shvedov O V, Igumnov M M, et al. 1998 Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., Sect. A 414 73Google Scholar

    [17]

    Titarenko Y E, Shvedov O V, Batyaev V F, et al. 2002 Phys.Rev.C 65 064610Google Scholar

    [18]

    Yashima H, Uwamino Y, Sugita H, et al. 2002 Phys.Rev.C 66 044607Google Scholar

    [19]

    Yashima H, Uwamino Y, Iwase H, et al. 2004 Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., Sect. B 226 243Google Scholar

    [20]

    Shams A M, Uosif M A, Michel R, et al. 2013 Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., Sect. B 298 19Google Scholar

    [21]

    Ogawa T, Morev M N, Sato T, Hashimoto S ???? Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., Sect. B 300 35

    [22]

    Ge H L, Ma F, Zhang X Y, et al. 2014 Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., Sect. B 337 34Google Scholar

    [23]

    Zhang H B, Zhang X Y, Ma F, et al. 2015 Chin. Phys. Lett. 32 042501Google Scholar

    [24]

    Tatsuhiko S, Koji N, Norihiro M, et al. 2013 J Nucl. Sci. Technol. 50 913Google Scholar

  • 图 1  铜靶冷却后的伽玛能谱

    Fig. 1.  Gamma spectra of the copper target.

    图 2  放射性剩余核分析流程图

    Fig. 2.  Diagram to analyze radioactive residual nuclei.

    表 1  长半衰期放射性剩余核的测量活度值

    Table 1.  Radioactivity of long-life residual nuclides

    剩余核名称半衰期/dT = 11.8 d/BqT = 6.8 d/Bq推导值/BqT = 3.8 d/Bq推导值/Bq
    51Cr27.71526.21695.11729.61831.91864.5
    48V15.971107.91351.01376.41512.91567.8
    52Mn5.59934.91690.11737.92437.42521.0
    58Co70.82876.1893.5920.0949.7947.5
    56Co77.27239.1233.5250.1233.6256.9
    44 mSc2.44228.9907.4536.42105.52218.0
    57Co271.79211.3209.4214.0216.5215.7
    46Sc83.79169.7179.9176.9174.9181.3
    47Sc3.345155.2433.7437.4799.6814.4
    54Mn312.3140.7139.8142.3139.2143.2
    59Fe44.558.155.660.965.165.8
    下载: 导出CSV

    表 2  剩余核实验测量与模拟活度值(冷却时间3.8 d)

    Table 2.  Radioactivity of residual nuclides in copper target by measurement and PHITS simulation (cooling for 3.8 d).

    剩余核
    名称
    半衰期模拟活
    度值/Bq
    实测活
    度值/Bq
    Exp./Cal.
    47Sc3.345d2832.3799.6 ± 29.90.28
    51Cr27.7d1953.01831.9 ± 68.50.94
    44Sc2.927h1920.04507.8 ± 288.62.47
    48V15.97d1642.21512.9 ± 110.10.86
    44mSc58.6h1813.32105.5 ± 78.81.22
    48Sc43.67h1416.6152.0 ± 13.20.11
    52Mn5.59d1106.32437.4 ± 111.72.20
    58Co70.82d915.5949.7 ± 43.51.04
    7Be53.29d776.7186.3 ± 12.90.24
    43K22.3h598.6143.3 ± 5.40.24
    32P14.26d490.4纯β衰变
    57Ni35.6h486.5203.2 ± 13.50.42
    46Sc83.79d408.7174.9 ± 9.60.43
    33P14.26d327.8纯β衰变
    47Ca4.536d233.2特征峰微弱
    57Co271.79d214.4216.5 ± 8.11.01
    56Co77.27d213.3233.6 ± 15.51.09
    37Ar35.04d208.6纯β衰变
    54Mn312.3d199.6139.2 ± 6.40.70
    42K12.36h176.3特征峰微弱
    49V330d163.5纯β衰变
    3H12.33a130.3纯β衰变
    55Co17.53h116.4133.1 ± 13.81.14
    59Fe44.5d109.461.8 ± 5.80.56
    48Cr21.56h93.547.5 ± 1.80.51
    下载: 导出CSV

    表 3  铜靶放射性剩余产物的反应截面

    Table 3.  Cross sections of residual nuclides in copper target by measurement and PHITS simulation.

    剩余核名称测量截面值/mb模拟截面值/mb
    7Be9.11 ± 0.9838.0
    43K2.05 ± 0.198.6
    44 mSc13.37 ± 1.2110.9
    46Sc13.21 ± 1.3130.9
    47Sc5.10 ± 0.4618.1
    48Sc1.04 ± 0.139.7
    48V24.93 ± 2.7528.5
    48Cr0.72 ± 0.071.4
    51Cr48.78 ± 4.4148.0
    52Mn19.16 ± 1.818.7
    54Mn38.28 ± 3.6138.3
    55Co3.26 ± 0.432.9
    56Co16.31 ± 1.7214.9
    57Co51.88 ± 4.6951.4
    58Co60.97 ± 5.7658.8
    57Ni1.59 ± 0.173.8
    59Fe2.55 ± 0.324.5
    下载: 导出CSV
  • [1]

    Xia J W, Zhan W L, Wei B W, et al. 2002 Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., Sect. A 488 11Google Scholar

    [2]

    Wei J, Chen H S, Chen Y W, et al. 2009 Nucl. Instumr. Methods Phys. Res., A 600 10Google Scholar

    [3]

    朱升云, 郭刚, 何明, 吴振东, 袁大庆, 隋丽, 焦学胜, 常宏伟, 左义, 范平, 葛智刚, 陈东风 2020 原子能科学技术 54 1Google Scholar

    Zhu S Y, Guo G, He M, Wu Z D, Ruan D Q, Sui L, Jiao X S, Chang H W, Zuo Y, Fan P, Ge Z G, Chen D F 2020 Atom. Ener. Sci. Technol. 54 1Google Scholar

    [4]

    刘世耀 2012 质子和重离子治疗及其装置 (北京: 科学出版社) 第152页

    Liu S Y 2012 Proton and Heavy Ions Therapy and Facility (Beijing: Science Press) p152 (in Chinses)

    [5]

    Villagrasa-Cabton C, Boudard A, Ducret J E, et al. 2007 Phys. Rev. C 75 044603Google Scholar

    [6]

    林源根, 詹文龙, 郭忠言, 等 1998 物理学报 47 564Google Scholar

    Lin Y G, Zhan W L, Guo Z Y, et al. 1998 Acta Phys. Sin. 47 564Google Scholar

    [7]

    Roger E B, Daniel R M, Glenn T S 1951 Phys. Rev. 84 671Google Scholar

    [8]

    Cumming J B, Haustein P E, Stoenner R W 1974 Phys. Rev. C 10 739Google Scholar

    [9]

    Cumming J B, Stoenner R W 1976 Phys. Rev. C 14 1554Google Scholar

    [10]

    Cumming J B, Haustein P E, Ruth T J, Virtes G J 1978 Phys. Rev. C 17 1632Google Scholar

    [11]

    Porile N T, Cole G D, Rudy C R 1979 Phys. Rev. C 19 2288Google Scholar

    [12]

    Hicks K H, Ward T E, Bowman H, et al. 1982 Phys. Rev. C 26 2016Google Scholar

    [13]

    Whitfield J P, Porile N T, 1993 Phys. Rev. C 47 1636Google Scholar

    [14]

    Michel R, Gloris M, Lange H J, et al. 1995 Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., Sect. B 103 183Google Scholar

    [15]

    Michel R, Bodemann R, Busemann H, et al. 1997 Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., Sect. B 129 153Google Scholar

    [16]

    Titarenko Y E, Shvedov O V, Igumnov M M, et al. 1998 Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., Sect. A 414 73Google Scholar

    [17]

    Titarenko Y E, Shvedov O V, Batyaev V F, et al. 2002 Phys.Rev.C 65 064610Google Scholar

    [18]

    Yashima H, Uwamino Y, Sugita H, et al. 2002 Phys.Rev.C 66 044607Google Scholar

    [19]

    Yashima H, Uwamino Y, Iwase H, et al. 2004 Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., Sect. B 226 243Google Scholar

    [20]

    Shams A M, Uosif M A, Michel R, et al. 2013 Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., Sect. B 298 19Google Scholar

    [21]

    Ogawa T, Morev M N, Sato T, Hashimoto S ???? Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., Sect. B 300 35

    [22]

    Ge H L, Ma F, Zhang X Y, et al. 2014 Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., Sect. B 337 34Google Scholar

    [23]

    Zhang H B, Zhang X Y, Ma F, et al. 2015 Chin. Phys. Lett. 32 042501Google Scholar

    [24]

    Tatsuhiko S, Koji N, Norihiro M, et al. 2013 J Nucl. Sci. Technol. 50 913Google Scholar

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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2020-09-09
  • 修回日期:  2021-01-06
  • 上网日期:  2021-03-24
  • 刊出日期:  2021-04-05

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