Y3Fe5O12-CoFeB自旋波定向耦合器中的自旋波

闫健; 任志伟; 钟智勇

doi:10.7498/aps.70.20210507

摘要

介绍了一种基于Y₃Fe₅O₁₂和CoFeB复合结构耦合的新型定向耦合器, 并利用微磁学仿真软件Mumax³及其配套工具链分析了自旋波在其中的传播特性. 通过在Y₃Fe₅O₁₂定向耦合器中添加一种高饱和磁化强度材料(CoFeB)来增强耦合波导的耦合效率, 并从器件的尺寸形状、内部等效场以及耦合机理等角度分析了其变化原因. 结果表明, 相较于传统的定向耦合器, 这种复合结构能够极大地降低自旋波在耦合波导间的耦合长度. 从应用的角度看, 在功能相同的情况下, 整个器件的长度可以缩短数倍, 具有更好的发展前景.

关键词:

Abstract

The spin-wave coupling device is used as a connection unit to solve the connection problem between spin-wave devices. However, the current size is too large in comparison with the nano-scale process, which is caused by the low efficiency of the spin wave within it. Therefore, we propose the spin-wave directional coupler based on Y₃Fe₅O₁₂-CoFeB coupling which can improve the current dilemma to a certain extent. By filling the gap layer of two spin-wave waveguides (Y₃Fe₅O₁₂) placed in parallel with CoFeB material, it is found that the dispersion relationship of the spin wave changes in the data calculation of the micromagnetic simulation software Mumax³. The existence of CoFeB makes the transmission efficiency of the spin wave between the two waveguides higher than in the case without any filling, the enhancement effect is about 4 times where coupling length is reduced from the original 2000 nm to 500 nm, which is conducive to the miniaturization and integration of the spin-wave directional coupler design. From the perspective of the entire device, further analysis indicates that owing to the high saturation magnetization of CoFeB (approximately 8 times that of Y₃Fe₅O₁₂), the effective field in the Y₃Fe₅O₁₂-CoFeB directional coupler is greatly enhanced, which leads the spin wave dispersion curve in the waveguide to change. At the same time, the energy of the entire system also increases several times, which is mainly caused by the increase of dipole energy and exchange energy. Then a greater contribution of dipole energy is obtained by changing the size of the device. After that, we study the relationship between the coupling length and the device size and the external magnetic field, then draw a general rule which can play a role in designing any directional couplers with similar structures. Finally, our view points are given from the different spin wave excitation frequencies, gap layer filling materials, internal roughness of the directional coupler, and spin wave lifetime by considering the problems that may occur in practical applications with the Y₃Fe₅O₁₂-CoFeB directional coupler. In conclusion, our proposed Y₃Fe₅O₁₂-CoFeB directional coupler structure can effectively enhance the coupling efficiency, and it can also provide a new idea for the application of the interaction between composite materials.

Keywords:

作者及机构信息

电子科技大学, 电子薄膜与集成器件国家重点实验室, 成都　610054

通信作者: 钟智勇, zzy@uestc.edu.cn

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(批准号: 61734002)资助的课题

Authors and contacts

State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China

Corresponding author: Zhong Zhi-Yong, zzy@uestc.edu.cn

Funds: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 61734002)

文章全文 : translate this paragraph

参考文献

[1]	Theis T N, Wong H S P 2017 Comput. Sci. Eng. 19 41 Google Scholar
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施引文献

图 1 YIG-CoFeB自旋波定向耦合器结构示意图

Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of the structure of YIG-CoFeB spin wave directional coupler.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 (a) 色散曲线求解中激励场在频域下的显示; (b) 孤立YIG波导中的色散曲线

Fig. 2. (a) Display of the excitation field in the frequency domain in the solution of the dispersion curve; (b) dispersion curve of isolated YIG waveguide.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 间隙处分别填充(a) Air和(b) CoFeB情况下的自旋波色散图

Fig. 3. Spin wave dispersion curve when the gap is filled with (a) Air and (b) CoFeB.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 (a) 定向耦合器的输出随着波导长度变化的关系图; (b) 2.88 GHz下间隙处填充Air和CoFeB的定向耦合器工作过程中自旋波传播彩图

Fig. 4. (a) Relationship between the output of the directional coupler and the length of the waveguide; (b) color image of spin wave propagation during operation of the directional coupler filled with Air and CoFeB in the gap at 2.88 GHz.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 间隙处填充Air和CoFeB的定向耦合器中内部有效场分布

Fig. 5. Internal effective field distribution in the directional coupler filled with Air and CoFeB at the gap.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 (a) 耦合长度随CoFeB宽度的变化; (b) 不同CoFeB宽度下器件的内部能量值

Fig. 6. (a) Coupling length varies with the width of CoFeB; (b) the internal energy value of the device under different CoFeB widths.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 耦合长度随着(a) YIG波导宽度、(b) 波导厚度、(c) 间隙宽度和(d) 外磁场的变化

Fig. 7. Coupling length varies with (a) YIG waveguide width, (b) waveguide thickness, (c) gap width, and (d) external magnetic field.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 不同频率下定向耦合器的耦合长度

Fig. 8. Coupling length of directional coupler at different frequencies.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

[1]	Theis T N, Wong H S P 2017 Comput. Sci. Eng. 19 41 Google Scholar
[2]	Sun H, Guo X, Facchetti A 2020 Chem 6 1310 Google Scholar
[3]	Zasedatelev A V, Baranikov A V, Urbonas D, et al. 2019 Nat. Photonics 13 378 Google Scholar
[4]	Toriumi A, Nishimura T 2018 Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 57 010101 Google Scholar
[5]	Haensch W, Nowak E J, Dennard R H, et al. 2006 IBM J. Res. Dev. 50 339 Google Scholar
[6]	Zhao X, Wang Z, Gao L, Li Y, Wang S 2021 Tsinghua Sci. Technol. 26 536 Google Scholar
[7]	Wang W, Chen J, Wang J, Chen J, Liu J, Gong Z 2020 IEEE Trans. Ind. Inform. 16 6124 Google Scholar
[8]	Ozawa T, Price H M, Amo A, et al. 2019 Rev. Mod. Phys. 91 015006 Google Scholar
[9]	Wang J, Sciarrino F, Laing A, Thompson M G 2020 Nat. Photonics 14 273 Google Scholar
[10]	Tokura Y, Yasuda K, Tsukazaki A 2019 Nat. Rev. Phys. 1 126 Google Scholar
[11]	Manchon A, Zelezny J, Miron I M, et al. 2019 Rev. Mod. Phys. 91 035004 Google Scholar
[12]	Mahmoud A N, Vanderveken F, Adelmann C, Ciubotaru F, Cotofana S, Hamdioui S 2021 IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. I-Regul. Pap. 68 536 Google Scholar
[13]	Petti D 2020 Nat. Electron. 3 736 Google Scholar
[14]	Wang Q, Kewenig M, Schneider M, et al. 2020 Nat. Electron. 3 765 Google Scholar
[15]	Feng F, Wei S B, Li L, Min C J, Yuan X C, Somekh M 2019 Opt. Express 27 27536 Google Scholar
[16]	Sun K, Vittoria C 1991 IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. 39 339 Google Scholar
[17]	Friedrich L, Dannberg P, Wachter C, Hennig T, Brauer A, Karthe W 1997 Opt. Commun. 137 239 Google Scholar
[18]	Sadovnikov A V, Beginin E N, Sheshukova S E, Romanenko D V, Sharaevskii Y P, Nikitov S A 2015 Appl. Phys. Lett. 107 202405 Google Scholar
[19]	Sadovnikov A V, Grachev A A, Odintsov S A, Sheshukova S E, Sharaevskii Y P, Nikitov S A 2017 IEEE Magn. Lett. 8 3109904 Google Scholar
[20]	Sadovnikov A V, Grachev A A, Beginin E N, Sheshukova S E, Sharaevskii Y P, Nikitov S A 2017 Phys. Rev. Appl. 7 014013 Google Scholar
[21]	Sadovnikov A V, Odintsov S A, Beginin E N, Sheshukova S E, Sharaevskii Y P, Nikitov S A 2017 IEEE Trans. Magn. 53 2801804 Google Scholar
[22]	Ren Z, Liu S, Jin L, Wen T, Liao Y, Tang X, Zhang H, Zhong Z 2019 Sci. Rep. 9 7093 Google Scholar
[23]	Wang Q, Pirro P, Verba R, Slavin A, Hillebrands B, Chumak A V 2018 Sci. Adv. 4 e1701517 Google Scholar
[24]	Balashov T, Buczek P, Sandratskii L, Ernst A, Wulfhekel W 2014 J. Phys. Condens. Matter 26 394007 Google Scholar
[25]	Mahmoud A, Ciubotaru F, Vanderveken F, et al. 2020 J. Appl. Phys. 128 161101 Google Scholar
[26]	Liu L, Pai C F, Li Y, Tseng H W, Ralph D C, Buhrman R A 2012 Science 336 555 Google Scholar
[27]	Qin H, Both G J, Hamalainen S J, Yao L, van Dijken S 2018 Nat. Commun. 9 5445 Google Scholar

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Y₃Fe₅O₁₂-CoFeB自旋波定向耦合器中的自旋波