基于迭代算法的不同状态散射光场聚焦

段美刚; 赵映; 左浩毅

doi:10.7498/aps.73.20231991

摘要

透过散射介质传递光学信息在生物医学、航空航天等领域具有广阔的应用前景. 但是, 当光通过散射介质后会引起波前畸变, 导致光学信息失真. 基于波前振幅调制技术是利用优化算法不断对入射光波前振幅进行调整, 找到可使目标区域光强最大对应的波前振幅分布. 实验主要研究通过波前振幅调制使透过散射介质的空间光实现光聚焦, 讨论在不同持续时间的散射光场中控球后卫算法与遗传算法对散射光场的调控能力. 实验结果表明, 在散射介质持续时间相同的情况下, 控球后卫算法可以实现比遗传算法更高增强因子的聚焦点以及更均匀的多点聚焦.

关键词:

Abstract

Transmitting optical information through scattering medium has broad application prospects in biomedical, aerospace and other fields. However, the light passing through the scattering medium will cause wavefront distortion and optical information blurring. Wavefront shaping technology uses a mathematical matrix to characterize the characteristics of scattering medium, which can achieve refocusing and imaging after light propagation through the scattering medium. It mainly includes optical phase conjugation, optical transmission matrix and wavefront shaping based on iterative optimization. However, the iterative wavefront shaping is considered to be a cost-effective method. Based on the wavefront amplitude modulation technology, the wavefront amplitude of the incident light is continuously adjusted by using the optimization algorithm to find the corresponding wavefront amplitude distribution that can maximize the light intensity in the target area. The system generates binary patterns implemented with digital-micromirror device (DMD) based on on-off state of micromirror, where “on” represents 1 and “off” refers to 0. The DMD has a high refresh rate and can achieve high speed wavefront amplitude modulation by using the iteration algorithm. In the experiment, the scattering medium is prepared with TiO₂, water and gelatin, whose persistence times are controlled with the water-gelatin ratio (WGR). In addition, the Pearson correlation coefficient (Cor) curve obtained through 300-s-measurement under different WGR conditions, which shows that the greater WGR, the shorter the persistence time is. The experiment mainly studies the focusing of the spatial light through scattering media by wavefront amplitude modulation, and discusses the ability of point guard algorithm (PGA) and genetic algorithm (GA) to control the scattered light field with different persistence times in 64 × 64 segments. The experimental results show that the PGA can achieve higher enhancement factor and more uniform multi-point focusing than the GA after 1000 iterations in the scattering medium with the same persistence time. The relative standard deviation value is inversely proportional to the WGR value when multi-point focusing can be completed. We also demonstrate that GA can only achieve single-point focusing when WGR = 40, and it cannot accomplish multi-point focusing in self-made scattering medium. This study not only verifies a method to achieve focusing scattering light field, but also provides a new scheme for testing the performance of the iterative wavefront shaping.

Keywords:

作者及机构信息

1.
太原科技大学应用科学学院, 太原　030024

2.
四川大学物理学院, 成都　610065

通信作者: 段美刚, duanmg.sxu@foxmail.com ; 左浩毅, zuohaoyi@scu.edu.cn

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金青年科学基金(批准号: 12204439)和太原科技大学博士科研启动基金(批准号: 20232104)资助的课题.

Authors and contacts

1.
School of Applied Sciences, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China

2.
College of Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China

Corresponding author: Duan Mei-Gang, duanmg.sxu@foxmail.com ; Zuo Hao-Yi, zuohaoyi@scu.edu.cn

Funds: Project supported by the Young Scientists Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 12204439) and the Staring Foundation of Scientific Research for the Doctor of the Taiyuan University of Science and Technology Foundation, China (Grant No. 20232104).

文章全文 : translate this paragraph

参考文献

[1]	Yaqoob Z, Psaltis D, Feld M S, Yang C 2008 Nat. Photonics 2 110 Google Scholar
[2]	Lai X T, Li Q Y, Chen Z Y, Shao X P, Pu J X 2021 Opt. Express 29 43280 Google Scholar
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施引文献

图 1 散射光场聚焦示意图　(a)光透过散射介质的散斑; (b)调制后的光透过散射介质的聚焦; (c) PGA流程图

Fig. 1. Schematics of focusing of scattering field: (a) Speckle formed by light passing scattering medium; (b) focusing by modulated light passing scattering medium; (c) the flowchart of PGA.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 不同WGR下散斑相关系数随时间的变化

Fig. 2. Variation curves of speckle correlation with time under different WGR.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 不同WGR下每隔30 s散斑随时间的变化图

Fig. 3. Variation of speckle with time every 30 s under different WGR.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 实验装置

Fig. 4. Experimental setup.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 不同WGR下PGA和GA的单点聚焦实验结果　(a) PBR值随迭代次数的变化; (b)迭代过程中的最佳聚焦效果; 比例尺为150 μm

Fig. 5. Experimental results of single-point focusing of PGA and GA under different WGR: (a) Variation curves of PBR value with iteration times; (b) the best focusing effect in iterative process; Scalar: 150 μm.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 不同WGR下PGA和GA的多点聚焦实验结果　(a) 2点聚焦; (b) 3点聚焦; 比例尺为150 μm

Fig. 6. Experimental results of multi-point focusing of PGA and GA under different WGR: (a) Two-point focusing; (b) three-point focusing; Scalar: 150 μm.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 不同WGR下多点聚焦的平均PBR和相对标准偏差RSD (N是焦点个数)　(a) PGA和GA的平均PBR; (b) PGA的相对标准偏差RSD;

Fig. 7. Average PBR and relative standard deviation RSD of multi-point focusing under different WGR: (a) The average PBR of PGA and GA; (b) the relative standard deviation RSD of PGA. N is the number of focal points.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

[1]	Yaqoob Z, Psaltis D, Feld M S, Yang C 2008 Nat. Photonics 2 110 Google Scholar
[2]	Lai X T, Li Q Y, Chen Z Y, Shao X P, Pu J X 2021 Opt. Express 29 43280 Google Scholar
[3]	赵富, 胡渝曜, 王鹏, 刘军 2023 物理学报 72 154201 Google Scholar Zhao F, Hu Y Y, Wang P, Liu J 2023 Acta Phys. Sin. 72 154201 Google Scholar
[4]	Yang J M, He Q Z, Liu L X, Qu Y, Shao R J, Song B W, Zhao Y Y 2021 Light Sci. Appl. 10 149 Google Scholar
[5]	Zhao Y Y, He Q Z, Li S N, Yang J M 2021 Opt. Lett. 46 1518 Google Scholar
[6]	Duan M G, Yang Z G, Zhao Y, Fang L J, Zuo H Y, Li Z S, Wang D Q 2022 Opt. Laser. Technol. 156 108529 Google Scholar
[7]	韩平丽, 刘飞, 张广, 陶禹, 邵晓鹏 2018 物理学报 67 054202 Google Scholar Han P L, Liu F, Zhang G, Tao Y, Shao X P 2018 Acta Phys. Sin. 67 054202 Google Scholar
[8]	孙雪莹, 刘飞, 段景博, 牛耕田, 邵晓鹏 2021 物理学报 70 224203 Google Scholar Sun X Y, Liu F, Duan J B, Niu G T, Shao X P 2021 Acta Phys. Sin. 70 224203 Google Scholar
[9]	李元铖, 翟爱平, 张腾, 赵文静, 王东 2022 光学学报 42 1411002 Google Scholar Li Y C, Zhai A P, Zhang T, Zhao W J, Wang D 2022 Acta Opt. Sin. 42 1411002 Google Scholar
[10]	李琼瑶, 扎西巴毛, 陈子阳, 蒲继熊 2020 光学学报 40 0111016 Google Scholar Li Q Y, Zhaxi B M, Chen Z Y, Pu J X 2020 Acta Opt. Sin. 40 0111016 Google Scholar
[11]	张诚, 方龙杰, 朱建华, 左浩毅, 高福华, 庞霖 2017 物理学报 66 114202 Google Scholar Zhang C, Fang L J, Zhu J H, Zuo H Y, Gao F H, Pang L 2017 Acta Phys. Sin. 66 114202 Google Scholar
[12]	张熙程, 方龙杰, 庞霖 2018 物理学报 67 104202 Google Scholar Zhang X C, Fang L J, Pang L 2018 Acta Phys. Sin. 67 104202 Google Scholar
[13]	罗嘉伟, 伍代轩, 梁家俊, 沈乐成 2024 激光与光电子学进展 61 1011008 Google Scholar Luo J W, Wu D X, Liang J J, Shen Y C 2024 Laser Optoelectron. Prog. 61 1011008 Google Scholar
[14]	Zhou S H, Xie H, Zhang C C, Hua Y Z, Zhang W H, Chen Q, Gu G H, Sui X B 2021 Optik 244 167516 Google Scholar
[15]	朱磊, 邵晓鹏 2020 光学学报 40 0111005 Google Scholar Zhu L, Shao X P 2020 Acta Opt. Sin. 40 0111005 Google Scholar
[16]	Vellekoop I M, Mosk A P 2007 Opt. Lett. 32 2309 Google Scholar
[17]	Vellekoop I M, Lagendijk A, Mosk A P 2010 Nat. Photonics 4 320 Google Scholar
[18]	Conkey D B, Brown A N 2012 Opt. Express 20 4840 Google Scholar
[19]	Woo C M, Zhao Q, Zhong T, Li H H, Yu Z P, Lai P X 2022 APL Photonics 7 046109 Google Scholar
[20]	Feng Q, Yang F, Xu X Y, Zhang B, Ding Y C, Liu Q 2019 Opt. Express 27 36459 Google Scholar
[21]	Conkey D B, Piestun R 2012 Opt. Express 20 27312 Google Scholar
[22]	Duan M G, Zhao Y, Yang Z G, Deng X, Huangfu H L, Zuo H Y, Li Z S, Wang D Q 2023 Opt. Comm. 548 129832 Google Scholar
[23]	Duan M G, Zhao Y, Huangfu H L, Deng X, Zuo H Y, Luo S R, Li Z S, Wang D Q 2023 Results Phys. 52 106767 Google Scholar
[24]	Vellekoop I M, Mosk A P 2008 Opt. Commun. 281 3071 Google Scholar
[25]	Conkey D B, Caravaca-Aguirre A M, Piestun R 2012 Opt. Express 20 1733 Google Scholar
[26]	Vellekoop I M, Aegerter C M 2010 Proc. SPIE 7554 755430 Google Scholar

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基于迭代算法的不同状态散射光场聚焦