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为了降低固体氧化物燃料电池在冷却过程中的裂纹扩展程度，提高电池的稳定性和耐久性，对含有预裂纹的固体氧化物燃料电池的三维模型进行有限元分析。从工作温度、材料属性、预裂纹角度、预裂纹位置等方面出发，以电池应力分布、裂纹扩展后的长度、最大宽度和偏转角度等作为判据，探究各因素对预裂纹扩展行为的影响，提出基于材料优化和结构优化的提高电池稳定性的方案。研究结果表明，在所选参数范围内，为了抑制裂纹扩展程度，电池的工作温度不应低于1023 K，阳极的热膨胀系数应小于12.50×10-6 K-1。此外，当预裂纹倾斜角度为45°时或预裂纹距阳极底部0.45 mm时，裂纹扩展后的最大宽度最小，且扩展方向最易预测，此时电池受裂纹影响的范围最小、稳定性最高。该研究工作为抑制固体氧化物燃料电池的裂纹扩展、提高燃料电池的使用寿命、促进燃料电池的商业化进程提供了依据。The mechanical performance of solid oxide fuel cell is one of the main factors limiting its commercialization process. In order to reduce the degree of crack propagation during the cooling process and improve the stability and durability of the cell, the finite element analysis is conducted on a three-dimensional model of solid oxide fuel cell containing pre-cracks. Utilizing the extended finite element method (XFEM) and fracture theory, considering the stress distribution, length and maximum width after crack propagation and deflection angle of crack as criteria, this paper investigates the influence of various parameters, including working temperature, material properties, pre-crack angle and pre-crack location, on pre-crack propagation behavior and proposes a solution to improve the stability of the cell based on material optimization and structural optimization. Set a pre-crack at the left boundary of the anode to analyze the influence of different operating conditions on the propagation of anode cracks in the cell. The correctness of finite element simulation is verified by comparing the simulation results and theoretical results of crack stress intensity factors in the same model. From the comprehensive analysis of the thermal stress of the cell, the crack length and maximum width after pre-crack propagation, and the two deflection angles of crack propagation, it can be seen that within the selected parameters, in order to ensure the stability of the cell and inhibit the degree of crack propagation, the operating temperature of the cell should not be lower than 1023 K, and the coefficient of thermal expansion of anode should be less than 12.50×10-6 K-1. In addition, when the pre-crack angle is 45° or the pre-crack is 0.45mm away from the bottom of anode, the maximum width after crack propagation is the smallest, and the propagation path is the most predictable. In this case, the cell is affected by the smallest crack range and the highest stability. This research provides a guidance for suppressing crack propagation in solid oxide fuel cell, improving the lifetime and promoting the commercialization process of fuel cell.
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Keywords:
- Solid Oxide Fuel Cell /
- Pre-crack /
- Crack propagation /
- Thermal stress
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