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含铝固体推进剂以其可靠性、耐久性在战略战术导弹中得到广泛应用。作为被动探测的主要手段，准确识别排气羽流的红外辐射特征有助于快速预警和跟踪。本文基于高温羽流环境下燃烧产物Al2O3晶体结构的变化，提出了含多相态Al2O3的固体火箭羽流辐射计算模型。采用球谐离散坐标法求解两相羽流的光谱辐射特性。与忽略Al2O3颗粒相变的传统模型相比，新模型与实验测量数据结果更加吻合，进一步提高了计算精度。利用该模型研究了不同含铝比例的羽流红外光谱辐射特性。结果表明，在1.7-2.0μm范围内，传统模型明显高估了低含铝情况的羽流辐射结果，最大差异达67.2%。在2.5-3.0μm范围内，随着含铝比例的增加，两种模型之间的差异逐渐减小；在4.0-4.5μm范围内的颗粒相变对整体结果影响不明显，平均相差7%左右。所以有必要通过考虑羽流中颗粒的相态变化实现辐射特性的精确预测。本文的研究结果可为固体火箭发动机的准确检测和识别提供理论依据和参考。Aluminum-doped propellants are widely used in strategic tactical missiles for their reliability, durability and adaptability. As the main means of passive detection, the accurate identification of infrared radiation characteristics of exhaust plumes is helpful for rapid warning and tracking. Aiming at the defect that the traditional model ignores the evolution of the crystalline phase of the particles, this paper proposes a radiation calculation model for the solid rocket plume containing Al2O3 in a multi-phase state, based on the change of the crystal structure of Al2O3 in a high temperature environment. The radiative transfer equation of the gas-solid two-phase plume is solved by using Spherical Harmonic Discrete Ordinate Method (SHDOM). Compared with the classical method of simplifying the Al2O3 particles as single liquid phase particle, the model is more consistent with the results of experimental measurement data, which further improves the calculation accuracy. The infrared spectral radiation characteristics of plumes with different aluminum doping ratios are investigated using the model. The results show that the plume radiation in the near-infrared band is significantly overestimated by the calculation results of the classical method at low aluminum doping ratios. At 1.7-2.0μm, the maximum decrease is 67.2%; in the 2.5-3.0μm, the difference between the two methods decreases from 21.6% to 3.6% with increasing aluminum doping rate; and the particles phase transition in the 4.0-4.5μm does not have much influence on the overall results, whose difference is about 7% on average. Therefore, it is necessary to accurately predict the radiation characteristics by considering the phase change of particles in the plume. The results contribute to the accurate detection and identification of solid rocket motors.
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