利用域排列算法设计铌酸锂晶体实现3 μm中红外波段频域纯态单光子源

张晨涛; 石小涛; 朱文新; 朱金龙; 郝向英; 金锐博

doi:10.7498/aps.71.20220739

摘要

中红外波段的单光子源对于下一代量子传感、量子通信和量子成像的研究非常重要. 目前常用的产生中红外单光子源的方法是基于周期极化铌酸锂(periodically poled lithium niobate, PPLN)自发参量下转换过程. 但是, 基于普通PPLN制备的单光子源频域纯度不高, 最高值只有0.82左右, 会影响量子信息处理方案的保真度. 本文利用域设计理论对30 mm长铌酸锂晶体的4000个域进行了定制化排列, 消除了相位匹配函数中的旁瓣, 获得了高斯型的分布. 计算得到的单光子源的频域纯度可达0.99, 可调谐范围为2.7—3.3 μm. 该定制极化铌酸锂(customized poled lithium niobate, CPLN)有望为中红外波段量子信息研究提供性能优异的单光子光源.

关键词:

Abstract

The single-photon source in mid-infrared (MIR) band is very important for the next generation of quantum sensing, quantum communication and quantum imaging. At present, the commonly used method of generating MIR single-photon source is based on the spontaneous parametric down conversion (SPDC) process in the periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) crystal. However, the spectral purity of single-photon source based on the ordinary PPLN is not high, specifically, its maximum value is only about 0.82, which affects the fidelity of quantum information processing scheme. In this paper, 4000 polarized domains in a 30-mm-long LN crystal are customized by using the domain design theory. The sidelobes in the phase matching function are eliminated, and the Gaussian distribution is obtained. The calculated spectral purity of the single-photon source can reach 0.99, and its tunable range is 2.7–3.3 μm. The customized poled lithium niobate (CPLN) is expected to provide a single-photon source with excellent performance for the study of quantum information in the MIR band.

Keywords:

作者及机构信息

武汉工程大学, 光学信息与模式识别湖北省重点实验室, 武汉　430205

通信作者: 郝向英, xyhao.321@163.com ; 金锐博, jin@wit.edu.cn

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(批准号: 12074299, 91836102, 11704290)资助的课题.

Authors and contacts

Hubei Key Laboratory of Optical Information and Pattern Recognition, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China

Corresponding author: Hao Xiang-Ying, xyhao.321@163.com ; Jin Rui-Bo, jin@wit.edu.cn

Funds: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 12074299, 91836102, 11704290)

文章全文 : translate this paragraph

参考文献

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施引文献

图 1 定制极化晶体的设计原理图

Fig. 1. Principle of designing a customized poling crystal

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 (a) 不同σ参数值对应的归一化的PMF, $\phi_0$表示$\phi(k)$的最大值; (b) 场振幅函数$A(z)$与目标场振幅函数$A_{{\rm{target}}}(z)$; (c) PMF与目标PMF; (d) 极化域分布g(z); (e)—(g) 泵浦包络函数, 相位匹配函数, 联合频谱分布, 对应纯度为99.99%

Fig. 2. (a) The normalized PMF with different σ values, where $\phi_0$ is the maximal value of $\phi(k)$; (b) field amplitude function $A(z)$ and the amplitude of the target field $A_{{\rm{target}}}(z)$; (c) PMF and the PMF of the target; (d) poled domain distribution g(z); (e)–(g) pump-envelope function, phase matching function and joint spectral amplitude, purity = 99.99%

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 (a) 在晶体不同位置处归一化的PMF, $\phi_0$表示$\phi(k)$的最大值; (b) 相邻同极向域合并后, 新的域位置与域宽度分布; (c) 不同泵浦光中心波长2倍对应的纯度分布

Fig. 3. (a) Normalized PMF at different positions of the crystal, where $\phi_0$ is the maximal value of $\phi(k)$; (b) new location and width distribution after the same polarized domains are combined; (c) purity distribution at different pump central wavelengths (two times)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 A1 域排列算法中的4种情况

Fig. A1. Four cases in the domain sequence algorithm

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

[1]	郭光灿 2019 物理 48 464 Google Scholar Guo G C 2019 Physics 48 464 Google Scholar
[2]	郭光灿 2020 中国科学: 信息科学 50 1395 Guo G C 2020 Sci. China Inf. Sci. 50 1395
[3]	Jaeger L 2018 Phys. World 26 40
[4]	Fernandez D C, Bhargava R, Hewitt S M, Levin I W 2005 Nat. Biotechnol. 23 469 Google Scholar
[5]	Amrania H, Antonacci G, Chan C H, Drummond, Otto W R, Wright N A, Phillips C 2012 Opt. Express 20 7290 Google Scholar
[6]	Shi J, Wong T T W, He Y, Li L, Wang L V 2019 Nat. Photonics 13 609 Google Scholar
[7]	Bellei F, Cartwright A P, Mccaughan A N, Dane A E, Najafi F, Zhao Q, Berggren K K 2016 Opt. Express 24 3248 Google Scholar
[8]	危语嫣, 高子凯, 王思颖, 朱雅静, 李涛 2022 物理学报 71 050302 Google Scholar Wei Y Y, Gao Z K, Wang S Y, Zhu Y J, Li T 2022 Acta. Phys. Sin. 71 050302 Google Scholar
[9]	Wang Q, Hao L, Zhang Y, Xu L, Yang C, Yang X, Zhao Y 2016 Opt. Express 24 5045 Google Scholar
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[11]	Tan S H, Erkmen B I, Giovannetti V, Guha S, Lloyd S, Maccone L, Pirandola S, Shapiro J H 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett. 101 253601 Google Scholar
[12]	Sua Y M, Fan H, Shahverdi A, Chen J Y, Huang Y P 2017 Sci. Rep. 7 17494 Google Scholar
[13]	Mancinelli M, Trenti A, Piccione S, Fontana G, Pavesi L 2017 Nat. Commun. 8 15184 Google Scholar
[14]	Mccracken R A, Graffitti F, Fedrizzi A 2018 J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 35 C38 Google Scholar
[15]	Prabhakar S, Shields T, Dada A C, Ebrahim M, Clerici M 2020 Sci. Adv. 6 eaay5195 Google Scholar
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[19]	Zhan M Y, Sun Q C, Xiang T, Chen X F 2015 Laser Phys. 25 125203 Google Scholar
[20]	Mosley P J, Lundeen J S, Smith B J, Walmsley I A 2008 New J. Phys. 10 093011 Google Scholar
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[22]	Meyer-Scott E, Montaut N, Tiedau J, Sansoni L, Herrmann H, Bartley T J, Silberhorn C 2017 Phys. Rev. A 95 061803 Google Scholar
[23]	Branczyk A M, Fedrizzi A, Stace T M, Ralph T C, White A G 2011 Opt. Express 19 55 Google Scholar
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[27]	Cui C H, Arian R, Guha S, Peyghambarian N, Zhang Q, Zhang Z 2019 Phys. Rev. Appl. 12 034059 Google Scholar
[28]	Cai W H, Tian Y, Wang S, You C, Zhou Q, Jin R B 2022 Adv. Quantum Tech. 5 2200028 Google Scholar
[29]	Tambasco J, Boes A, Helt L G, Steel M J, Mitchell A 2016 Opt. Express 24 19616 Google Scholar
[30]	Dosseva A, Cincio L, Brańczyk A M 2016 Phys. Rev. A 93 013801 Google Scholar
[31]	Graffitti F, Kundys D, Reid D T, Branczyk A M, Fedrizzi A 2017 Quantum Sci. Technol. 2 035001 Google Scholar
[32]	Graffitti F, Barrow P, Proietti M, Kundys D, Fedrizzi A 2018 Optica 5 514 Google Scholar
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[36]	翟艺伟, 董瑞芳, 权润爱, 项晓, 刘涛, 张首刚 2021 物理学报 70 120302 Google Scholar Zhai Y W, Dong R F, Quan R A, Xiang X, Liu T, Zhang S G 2021 Acta Phys. Sin. 70 120302 Google Scholar
[37]	Schlarb U, Betzler K 1994 Phys. Rev. B 50 751 Google Scholar
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[41]	金锐博, 田颖 2021 安徽大学学报: 自然科学版 45 10 Jin R B, Tian Y 2021 J. Anhui Univ. Nat. Sci. 45 10
[42]	王玺, 叶庆, 董骁, 雷武虎, 吕桐林, 郭彦廷, 胡以华 2022 红外与毫米波学报 41 8 Yu X, Ye Q, Dong X, Lei W H, Lv T L, Guo Y T, Hu Y H 2022 J. Infrared Millm. W. 45 10 (in Chinese)
[43]	胡舒武 2019 博士学位论文 (合肥: 中国科学技术大学) Hu S W 2019 Ph. D. Dissertation (Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China) (in Chinese)
[44]	罗鸿禹 2019 博士学位论文 (成都: 电子科技大学) Luo H Y 2019 Ph. D. Dissertation (ChengDu: University of Electronic Science and Technology of China) (in Chinese)

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利用域排列算法设计铌酸锂晶体实现3 μm中红外波段频域纯态单光子源