基于石墨烯的可调谐太赫兹光子晶体结构

邓新华; 袁吉仁; 刘江涛; 王同标

doi:10.7498/aps.64.074101

摘要

本文将石墨烯引入到常规光子晶体中构建一种新型光子晶体, 首次从理论上严格导出了决定其能带结构的色散关系, 由于色散关系中石墨烯电导率的存在导致了它具有与常规光子晶体有所不同的特殊光学性质, 我们发现, 随着费米能增大, 低频段能带迅速向高频移动, 而高频段能带移动缓慢, 导致了常规光子晶体没有的能带压缩现象的发生, 究其原因在于石墨烯在低频段电导率迅速变化, 而高频段电导率变化缓慢, 导致能带向高频压缩, 使得光波原先允许频率变成禁止传播, 而禁止频率变成允许传播.

关键词:

Abstract

We introduce graphene into conventional photonic crystals to build new photonic crystal structures, and strictly derive the dispersion relations of the structures based on the electromagnetic boundary conditions and the Maxwell's equations required. The dispersion relations are different from that of the conventional photonic crystals, and the optical properties of the structures may also differ from that of the conventional photonic crystals because of the presence of graphene conductivity in the dispersion relations. By changing the Fermi energy of graphene, the conductivity of it can be changed, the dispersion relations adjusted, the energy band structure altered, and its light propagation manipulated as well. With increasing Fermi energy, the energy band can be transformed from the allowed bands to the prohibited bands and then transformed along the opposite direction to the allowed bands. Because the conductivity changes rapidly in low frequency range, while changes slowly in high frequency range, as the Fermi energy increases, the energy band in the low frequency region will move quickly to higher frequency region, and the energy band in the high frequency region moves slowly, leading to the band compression and mutual conversion between the allowed and the prohibited bands. The larger the Fermi energy, the more obvious the band compression, and the more easy the mutual conversion.

Keywords:

作者及机构信息

1.
南昌大学理学院, 南昌 330031;

2.
东南大学毫米波国家重点实验室, 南京 210096

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(批准号: 61464007, 11364033和11264029)、江西省自然科学基金(批准号: 20122BAB202002)、毫米波国家重点实验室开放课题(批准号: K201216)和江西省博士后科学基金(批准号: 2014KY32)资助的课题.

Authors and contacts

1.
School of Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China;

2.
State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China

Funds: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants Nos. 61464007, 11364033, 11264029), the Open Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves, China (Grant No. K201216), the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province, China (Grant No. 20122BAB202002), and the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province, China (Grant No. 2014KY32).

参考文献

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[2]	Jacobsen R H, Mittleman D M, Nuss M C 1996 Opt. Lett. 21 2011
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[4]	Yoneyama H, Yamashita M, Kasai S, Kawase K, Ito H, Ouchi T 2008 Opt. Commun. 281 1909
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[7]	Pendry J B 2000 Phys. Rev. Lett. 85 3966
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[10]	Lee S H, Choi M, Kim T T, Lee S, Liu M, Yin X, Choi H K, Lee S S, Choi C G, Choi S Y, Zhang X, Min B 2012 Nature Materials 11 936
[11]	Rodriguez B S, Yan R, Kelly M M, Fang T, Tahy K, Hwang W S, Jena D, Liu L, Xing H G 2012 Nature Communications 3 780
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[14]	Zhang Y P, Zhang H Y, Yin Y H, Liu L Y, Zhang X, Gao Y, Zhang H Y 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 047803 (in Chinese) [张玉萍, 张洪艳, 尹贻恒, 刘陵玉, 张晓, 高营, 张会云 2012 物理学报 61 047803]
[15]	Mao Q, Wen Q Y, Tian W, Wen T L, Chen Z, Yang Q H, Zhang H W 2014 Opt. Lett. 39 5649
[16]	Wang F, Zhang Y, Tian C, Girit C, Zettl A, Crommie M, Shen Y R 2008 Science 320 206
[17]	Hanson G W 2008 J. Appl. Phys. 103 064302
[18]	Koppens F H L, Chang D E, Garca de Abajo F J 2011 Nano Lett. 11 3370
[19]	Bao Q L, Zhang H, Wang B, Ni Z H, Lim C H Y X, Wang Y, Tang D Y, Loh K P 2011 Nat. Photonics 5 411

施引文献

[1]	Shen Y C, Lo T, Taday P F, Cole B E, Tribe W R, Kemp M C 2005 Appl. Phys. Lett. 86 241116
[2]	Jacobsen R H, Mittleman D M, Nuss M C 1996 Opt. Lett. 21 2011
[3]	Markelz A G, Roitberg A, Heilweil E J 2000 Chem. Phys. Lett. 320 42
[4]	Yoneyama H, Yamashita M, Kasai S, Kawase K, Ito H, Ouchi T 2008 Opt. Commun. 281 1909
[5]	Li Z Y, Yao J Q, Xu D G, Zhong K, Wang J L, Bing P B 2011 Chin. Phys. B 20 054207
[6]	Chen D P, Xing C F, Zhang Z, Zhang C L 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 024202 (in Chinese) [陈大鹏, 邢春飞, 张峥, 张存林 2012 物理学报 61 024202]
[7]	Pendry J B 2000 Phys. Rev. Lett. 85 3966
[8]	Zhang S, Fan W, Panio N C, Malloy K J, Osgood R M, Brueck S R J 2005 Phys. Rev. Lett. 95 137404
[9]	Novoselov K S, Geim A K, Morozov S V, Jiang D, Zhang Y, Dubonos S V, Grigorieva I V, Firsov A A 2004 Science 306 666
[10]	Lee S H, Choi M, Kim T T, Lee S, Liu M, Yin X, Choi H K, Lee S S, Choi C G, Choi S Y, Zhang X, Min B 2012 Nature Materials 11 936
[11]	Rodriguez B S, Yan R, Kelly M M, Fang T, Tahy K, Hwang W S, Jena D, Liu L, Xing H G 2012 Nature Communications 3 780
[12]	Zuo Z G, Wang P, Ling F R, Liu J S, Yao J Q 2013 Chin. Phys. B 22 097304
[13]	Xie L Y, Xiao W B, Huang G Q, Hu A R, Liu J T 2014 Acta Phys. Sin. 63 057803 (in Chinese) [谢凌云, 肖文波, 黄国庆, 胡爱荣, 刘江涛 2014 物理学报 63 057803]
[14]	Zhang Y P, Zhang H Y, Yin Y H, Liu L Y, Zhang X, Gao Y, Zhang H Y 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 047803 (in Chinese) [张玉萍, 张洪艳, 尹贻恒, 刘陵玉, 张晓, 高营, 张会云 2012 物理学报 61 047803]
[15]	Mao Q, Wen Q Y, Tian W, Wen T L, Chen Z, Yang Q H, Zhang H W 2014 Opt. Lett. 39 5649
[16]	Wang F, Zhang Y, Tian C, Girit C, Zettl A, Crommie M, Shen Y R 2008 Science 320 206
[17]	Hanson G W 2008 J. Appl. Phys. 103 064302
[18]	Koppens F H L, Chang D E, Garca de Abajo F J 2011 Nano Lett. 11 3370
[19]	Bao Q L, Zhang H, Wang B, Ni Z H, Lim C H Y X, Wang Y, Tang D Y, Loh K P 2011 Nat. Photonics 5 411

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