激光在大气中驱动的强太赫兹辐射的理论和实验研究

王伟民; 张亮亮; 李玉同; 盛政明; 张杰

doi:10.7498/aps.67.20180564

摘要

两束双色激光脉冲能在大气中产生MV/cm的强太赫兹波.本文主要介绍了我们最近的三项理论和实验工作，澄清了双色激光方案的物理机制这个长期存在的问题，并对该方案进行了推广.为了在气体中有效地产生太赫兹波，在广泛研究的双色激光方案中两束激光的频率比2/1总是被取为1：2.首先从理论上预测采用其他频率比时，此方案仍能有效地工作，并通过实验进行证实.实验上观察到在新的频率比2/1=1：4，2：3下，也能有效地产生太赫兹波；观察到通过旋转较长波长的激光脉冲的偏振方向，能够有效地调节太赫兹波的偏振，但是旋转波长较短的激光脉冲的偏振方向，太赫兹波的偏振几乎没有变化，这违背了多波混频理论中极化率张量对称性的要求；采用不同的频率比时，太赫兹能量定标率并没有显示出明显的区别，这与多波混频理论预测的能量定标率不符.这些实验结果与等离子体电流模型及粒子模拟结果符合得很好.因此，该研究不仅对双色激光方案进行了推广，而且证实了其物理机制应该归结为等离子体电流模型.

关键词:

Abstract

Strong terahertz (THz) radiation of MV/cm can be generated from air via two-color laser scheme. In this paper, we introduce three recent theoretical and experimental researches conducted by Wang et al., in which they explored the long-standing problem of THz generation mechanism and extended the scheme with uncommon frequency ratio. In the widely-studied two-color laser scheme, the frequency ratio of the two lasers is usually fixed at 2/1=1:2. In 2013 they predicted according to the plasma current model, for the first time, that the two-color scheme can be extended to a new frequency ratio 1:2n, where n is an positive integer. In 2017 they found that the frequency ratio can be further extended to much broader values. In that year, their experiments showed, for the first time, efficient THz generation with new ratios of 2/1=1:4 and 2:3. They observed that the THz polarization can be adjusted by rotating the longer-wavelength laser polarization, but the polarization adjustment becomes inefficient by rotating the other laser polarization, which is inconsistent with the symmetric nature in the susceptibility tensor required by the multi-wave mixing theory; the THz energy shows similar scaling laws with different frequency ratios, which is inconsistent with the scaling predicted according to the multi-wave mixing theory. These experimental results are in agreement with the plasma current model and particle-in-cell simulations. Therefore, their studies not only push the development of the two-color scheme, but also show that the THz generation mechanism should be mainly attributed to the plasma current model.

Keywords:

作者及机构信息

1.
中国科学院物理研究所, 北京凝聚态物理国家研究中心, 北京 100190;

2.
首都师范大学物理系, 北京 100048;

3.
中国科学院大学物理科学学院, 北京 100049;

4.
上海交通大学物理与天文学院, 上海 200240

通信作者: 王伟民, hbwwm1@iphy.ac.cn

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（批准号：11775302）、国家重点研发计划（批准号：2018YFA0404801）、科学挑战计划（批准号：TZ2016005）和中国科学院战略性先导科技专项（B类）（批准号：XDB16010200，XDB07030300）资助的课题．

Authors and contacts

1.
Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;

2.
Department of Physics, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China;

3.
School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;

4.
School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China

Corresponding author: Wang Wei-Min, hbwwm1@iphy.ac.cn

Funds: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11775302), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2018YFA0404801), the Science Challenge Project of China (Grant No. TZ2016005), and the Strategic Priority Research Program (B) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grants Nos. XDB16010200, XDB07030300).

参考文献

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[17]	Wang W M, Sheng Z M, Wu H C, Chen M, Li C, Zhang J, Mima M 2008 Opt. Express 16 16999
[18]	Wang W M, Gibbon P, Sheng Z M, Li Y T 2014 Phys. Rev. A 90 023808
[19]	Zhang Z, Chen Y, Chen M, Zhang Z, Yu J, Sheng Z, Zhang J 2016 Phys. Rev. Lett. 117 243901
[20]	Wu H C, Meyer-ter-Vehn J, Sheng Z M 2008 New J. Phys. 10 043001
[21]	Dai J, Karpowicz N, Zhang X C 2009 Phys. Rev. Lett. 103 023001
[22]	Wen H, Lindenberg A M 2009 Phys. Rev. Lett. 103 023902
[23]	Wang W M, Gibbon P, Sheng Z M, Li Y T 2015 Phys. Rev. Lett. 114 253901
[24]	Clerici M, Peccianti M, Schmidt B E, Caspani L, Shalaby M, Giguere M, Lotti A, Couairon A, Legare F, Ozaki T, Faccio D, Morandotti R 2013 Phys. Rev. Lett. 110 253901
[25]	Vvedenskii N V, Korytin A I, Kostin V A, Murzanev A A, Silaev A A, Stepanov A N 2014 Phys. Rev. Lett. 112 055004
[26]	Wang W M, Li Y T, Sheng Z M, Lu X, Zhang J 2013 Phys. Rev. E 87 033108
[27]	Kostin V A, Laryushin I D, Silaev A A, Vvedenskii N V 2016 Phys. Rev. Lett. 117 035003
[28]	Wang W M, Sheng Z M, Li Y T, Zhang Y, Zhang J 2017 Phys. Rev. A 96 023844
[29]	Zhang L L, Wang W M, Wu T, Zhang R, Zhang S J, Zhang C L, Zhang Y, Sheng Z M, Zhang X C 2017 Phys. Rev. Lett. 119 235001
[30]	Liu K, Koulouklidis A D, Papazoglou D G, Tzortzakis S, Zhang X C 2016 Optica 3 605
[31]	Wang W M, Gibbon P, Sheng Z M, Li Y T 2015 Phys. Rev. E 91 013101
[32]	Wang W M, Kawata S, Sheng Z M, Li Y T, Zhang J 2011 Phys. Plasmas 18 073108
[33]	Penetrante B M, Bardsley J N 1991 Phys. Rev. A 43 3100

施引文献

[1]	Ulbricht R, Hendry E, Shan J, Heinz T F, Bonn M 2011 Rev. Mod. Phys. 83 543
[2]	Hamster H, Sullivan A, Gordon S, White W, Falcone R W 1993 Phys. Rev. Lett. 71 2725
[3]	Cook D J, Hochstrasser R M 2000 Opt. Lett. 25 1210
[4]	Sheng Z M, Mima K, Zhang J, Sanuki H 2005 Phys. Rev. Lett. 94 095003
[5]	Li Y T, Li C, Zhou M L, Wang W M, Du F, Ding W J, Lin X X, Liu F, Sheng Z M, Peng X Y, Chen L M, Ma J L, Lu X, Wang Z H, Wei Z Y, Zhang J 2012 Appl. Phys. Lett. 100 254101
[6]	Gopal A, Herzer S, Schmidt A, Singh P, Reinhard A, Ziegler W, Brommel D, Karmakar A, Gibbon P, Dillner U, May T, Meyer H G, Paulus G G 2013 Phys. Rev. Lett. 111 074802
[7]	Jin Z, Chen Z L, Zhuo H B, Kon A, Nakatsutsumi M, Wang H B, Zhang B H, Gu Y Q, Wu Y C, Zhu B, Wang L, Yu M Y, Sheng Z M, Kodama R 2011 Phys. Rev. Lett. 107 265003
[8]	Dey I, Jana K, Fedorov V Y, Koulouklidis A D, Mondal A, Shaikh M, Sarkar D, Lad A D, Tzortzakis S, Couairon A, Kumar G R 2017 Nat. Commun. 8 1184
[9]	Jin Q, E Y, Williams K, Dai J, Zhang X C 2017 Appl. Phys. Lett. 111 071103
[10]	D'Amico C, Houard A, Franco M, Prade B, Mysyrowicz A, Couairon A, Tikhonchuk V T 2007 Phys. Rev. Lett. 98 235002
[11]	Wang W M, Kawata S, Sheng Z M, Li Y T, Zhang J, Chen L M, Qian L J, Zhang J 2011 Opt. Lett. 36 2608
[12]	Bai Y, Song L, Xu R, Li C, Liu P, Zeng Z, Zhang Z, Lu H, Li R, Xu Z 2012 Phys. Rev. Lett. 108 255004
[13]	Liao G Q, Li Y T, Li C, Su L N, Zheng Y, Liu M, Wang W M, Hu Z D, Yan W C, Dunn J, Nilsen J, Hunter J, Liu Y, Wang X, Chen L M, Ma J L, Lu X, Jin Z, Kodama R, Sheng Z M, Zhang J 2015 Phys. Rev. Lett. 114 255001
[14]	Liao G Q, Li Y T, Zhang Y H, Liu H, Ge X L, Yang S, Wei W Q, Yuan X H, Deng Y Q, Zhu B J, Zhang Z, Wang W M, Sheng Z M, Chen L M, Lu X, Ma J L, Wang X, Zhang J 2016 Phys. Rev. Lett. 116 205003
[15]	Xie X, Dai J, Zhang X C 2006 Phys. Rev. Lett. 96 075005
[16]	Kim K Y, Glownia J H, Taylor A J, Rodriguez G 2007 Opt. Express 15 4577
[17]	Wang W M, Sheng Z M, Wu H C, Chen M, Li C, Zhang J, Mima M 2008 Opt. Express 16 16999
[18]	Wang W M, Gibbon P, Sheng Z M, Li Y T 2014 Phys. Rev. A 90 023808
[19]	Zhang Z, Chen Y, Chen M, Zhang Z, Yu J, Sheng Z, Zhang J 2016 Phys. Rev. Lett. 117 243901
[20]	Wu H C, Meyer-ter-Vehn J, Sheng Z M 2008 New J. Phys. 10 043001
[21]	Dai J, Karpowicz N, Zhang X C 2009 Phys. Rev. Lett. 103 023001
[22]	Wen H, Lindenberg A M 2009 Phys. Rev. Lett. 103 023902
[23]	Wang W M, Gibbon P, Sheng Z M, Li Y T 2015 Phys. Rev. Lett. 114 253901
[24]	Clerici M, Peccianti M, Schmidt B E, Caspani L, Shalaby M, Giguere M, Lotti A, Couairon A, Legare F, Ozaki T, Faccio D, Morandotti R 2013 Phys. Rev. Lett. 110 253901
[25]	Vvedenskii N V, Korytin A I, Kostin V A, Murzanev A A, Silaev A A, Stepanov A N 2014 Phys. Rev. Lett. 112 055004
[26]	Wang W M, Li Y T, Sheng Z M, Lu X, Zhang J 2013 Phys. Rev. E 87 033108
[27]	Kostin V A, Laryushin I D, Silaev A A, Vvedenskii N V 2016 Phys. Rev. Lett. 117 035003
[28]	Wang W M, Sheng Z M, Li Y T, Zhang Y, Zhang J 2017 Phys. Rev. A 96 023844
[29]	Zhang L L, Wang W M, Wu T, Zhang R, Zhang S J, Zhang C L, Zhang Y, Sheng Z M, Zhang X C 2017 Phys. Rev. Lett. 119 235001
[30]	Liu K, Koulouklidis A D, Papazoglou D G, Tzortzakis S, Zhang X C 2016 Optica 3 605
[31]	Wang W M, Gibbon P, Sheng Z M, Li Y T 2015 Phys. Rev. E 91 013101
[32]	Wang W M, Kawata S, Sheng Z M, Li Y T, Zhang J 2011 Phys. Plasmas 18 073108
[33]	Penetrante B M, Bardsley J N 1991 Phys. Rev. A 43 3100

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