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设计并研制了一台多波长发光二极管（LED）光源雷达系统，用于探测近地面低层大气气溶胶特性.介绍了LED光源雷达系统的组成及工作原理，计算分析了系统几何重叠因子，从而确定了LED光源雷达系统的最低探测高度为60 m.研究了LED光源雷达散射回波信号的数据反演方法，根据LED光源雷达适合近距离探测的特点，采用了Fernald前向积分反演算法，并以地面能见度仪数据为基础，确定了气溶胶消光系数的边界值.利用所设计的475，530和625 nm三个波长的LED光源雷达系统，分别在轻度污染、中度污染和重度污染天气情况下，对西安夜晚城区上空低层大气气溶胶进行了探测，获得了近300 m高度内三个波长的大气气溶胶消光系数高度分布曲线，并对近地面低层大气气溶胶的垂直分布与变化特征进行了探讨.Near-ground atmospheric aerosol has a direct effect on the living and production of human, and the research on its detection attracts substantial attention from engineers and scholars in the community of environment. Traditional monitoring instruments can accurately and continuously detect the aerosols above the ground, but it is difficult for them to obtain the information about vertical distribution of near-ground aerosols. As is well known, lidar can act as an efficient method to detect the aerosol's temporal and spatial distribution. However, this technique is restricted in the potential applications of the detection of aerosol at a certain wavelengths or near range. That is because it usually presents fixed wavelengths and a large blind area. In this work, a new multi-wavelength light-emitting diode (LED) light source radar system is designed and established for detecting the characteristics of atmospheric aerosol near ground. The paper is outlined as follows. Firstly, the composition and working principle of the LED light source radar system are introduced. Based on the structure of radar's transmitter and receiver, the geometric overlap factor is analyzed and calculated. The minimum detection height of the LED light source radar system is then determined to be 60 m. Secondly, the inversion method for the echo signal of LED light source radar is studied. In consideration of the suitability of near-range detection of LED light source radar, the Fernald forward integration method is used for inversing the aerosol extinction coefficient. The calibration value of aerosol extinction coefficient is further determined with the ground visibility data. Finally, by using the designed multi-wavelength LED light source radar system (475 nm, 530 nm, and 625 nm), near-ground aerosol observation at night in Xi'an city is carried out and three atmospheric conditions including light, moderate and severe pollution days are considered. The height distribution curves of atmospheric aerosol extinction coefficient of three wavelengths within a height of nearly 300 m are obtained. The characteristics of the distribution and change of near ground aerosols are accordingly discussed. The experimental results show that the multi-wavelength LED light source radar provides an efficient implementation for detecting the vertical distribution of atmospheric aerosol near the ground, and can make up for the inadequacy of lidar in near range detection.
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Keywords:
- light-emitting diode light source radar /
- multi-wavelength detection /
- near-ground /
- aerosol
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[1] Han Y, Wang T J, Rao R Z, Wang Y J 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 57 7396 (in Chinese) [韩永, 王体健, 饶瑞中, 王英俭 2008 物理学报 57 7396]
[2] Li S W, Si F Q, Zhao X 2009 J. Electr. Measur. Instr. 23 69 (in Chinese) [李素文, 司福祺, 赵鑫 2009 电子测量与仪器学报 23 69]
[3] Fan X H, Chen H B, Xia X A 2013 Chin. J. Atmos. Sci. 37 477 (in Chinese) [范学花, 陈洪滨, 夏祥鳌 2013 大气科学 37 477]
[4] Tao J H, Zhang M G, Chen L F, Wang Z F, Su L, Ge C, Han X, Zou M M 2014 Acta Opt. Sin. 34 1201002 (in Chinese) [徐梦春, 徐青山, 边键, 王艺然, 李学彬 2014 光学学报 34 1201002]
[5] Xu M C, Xu Q S, Bian J, Wang Y R, Li X B 2014 Acta Opt. Sin. 34 1201002 (in Chinese) [徐梦春, 徐青山, 边键, 王艺然, 李学彬 2014 光学学报 34 1201002]
[6] Wang Y, Li A, Xie P H, Chen H, Xu J, Wu F C, Liu J G, Liu W Q 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 180705 (in Chinese) [王杨, 李昂, 谢品华, 陈浩, 徐晋, 吴丰成, 刘建国, 刘文清 2013 物理学报 62 180705]
[7] Shi B, Tao Z M, Ma X M, Shan H H, Zhao S G, Liu D, Xie C B 2015 Acta Opt. Sin. 35 0501006 (in Chinese) [史博, 陶宗明, 麻晓敏, 单会会, 赵素贵, 刘东, 谢晨波 2015 光学学报 35 0501006]
[8] Di H G, Hua D X, Wang Y F, Yan Q 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 094215 (in Chinese) [狄慧鸽, 华灯鑫, 王玉峰, 闫庆 2013 物理学报 62 094215]
[9] Koyama M, Shiina T 2011 2011 International Quantum Electronics Conference Sydney, Australia, August 28-September 1, 2011 p544
[10] Shiina T 2013 Proc. SPIE 8905 890533
[11] Shiina T 2014 Proc. SPIE 9246 92460F
[12] Shiina T 2011 Proc. SPIE 8311 83111I
[13] Shiina T, Noguchi K, Tsuji K 2015 23rd International Conference on Nuclear Engineering Chiba, Japan, May 17-21, 2015 p1640
[14] Mori Y, Shimada S, Shiina T, Baji H, Takemoto S 2016 Proc. SPIE 10006 100060G
[15] Zhong W T, Hua D X, Liu J, Zhang C, Yan K J 2016 Acta Opt. Sin. 36 1028001 (in Chinese) [钟文婷, 华灯鑫, 刘君, 张宸, 晏克俊 2016 光学学报 36 1028001]
[16] Zhong W T, Hua D X, Liu J, Zhang C, Yan K J 2018 J. Xi'an Univ. Technol. 34 6 (in Chinese) [钟文婷, 华灯鑫, 刘君, 张宸, 晏克俊 2018 西安理工大学学报 34 6]
[17] Zhang G X, Zhang Y C, Tao Z M, Liu X Q, Shao S S, Tan K, L Y H, Zhou J, Hu H L 2005 Chin. J. Quantum Electron. 22 299 (in Chinese) [张改霞, 张寅超, 陶宗明, 刘小勤, 邵石生, 谭锟, 吕勇辉, 周军, 胡欢陵 2005 量子电子学报 22 299]
[18] Wang S L, Cao K F, Hu S X, Wei H L 2008 Laser Technol. 32 147 (in Chinese) [汪少林, 曹开法, 胡顺星, 魏合理 2008 激光技术 32 147]
[19] Fernald F G 1984 Appl. Opt. 23 652
[20] Di H G, Hou X L, Zhao H, Yan L J, Wei X, Zhao H, Hua D X 2014 Acta Phys. Sin. 63 244206 (in Chinese) [狄慧鸽, 侯晓龙, 赵虎, 阎蕾洁, 卫鑫, 赵欢, 华灯鑫 2014 物理学报 63 244206]
[21] Roberto N 2005 Appl. Opt. 44 3795
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