200 km沙漠链路高精度光纤时频传递关键技术研究

应康; 桂有珍; 孙延光; 程楠; 熊晓锋; 王家亮; 杨飞; 蔡海文

doi:10.7498/aps.68.20182000

摘要

针对沙漠环境实地链路存在的温度变化大、室外风力、地表振动等多种复杂噪声来源, 通过对系统反馈补偿带宽、反馈补偿强度、光功率等时频传递系统关键参数的优化配置, 研究了不同反馈补偿参数下复杂链路噪声的有效抑制技术. 全链路的频率传递稳定度8 × 10^–14@1 s, 1 × 10^–16@1000 s, 千秒尺度下时间信号传递的时间方差仅为1.2 ps. 实现了氢钟信号在200 km量级沙漠环境实地链路的无损传输. 该验证实验在基于短基线干涉测量的卫星测轨系统中发挥了重要作用.

关键词:

Abstract

The precise time and frequency signal dissemination has significant applications in scientific research such as baseline interferometry, deep space network and metrology. Aside from satellite based systems, optical fiber has become an attractive alternative medium for transferring time and frequency signals, offering much improved accuracy. For the urban fiber link in the desert environment, there are many complex noise sources, such as temperature change, outdoor wind and ground vibration. Therefore, a systematical study on the noise source and on the noise reduction method in the dessert environment have practical significance. In this paper, we demonstrate a time (1 pps) and frequency signal dissemination and time synchronization system through a 200 km urban fiber in dessert environment. The noise source of the urban fiber under dessert environment is analyzed and studied in detail; the results show that the vibration and temperature shift are the major influencing factors. The vibration of urban fiber can induce the noise in the high Fourier frequency, and the temperature shift of urban fiber can induce the noise at a low Fourier frequency. An optical compensation setup is used, including the optical delay line with temperature controlled and piezoelectric ceramics driving. The phase fluctuation of frequency signal is detected and used to control the feedback of the optical compensating setup. In order to compensate for the fiber loss in a long range, a special bi-directional erbium-doped fiber amplifier is used to regenerate optical signals to achieve the long distance transmission. Then, we study the effective link noise suppression technology under different feedback compensation parameters. The systematic feedback parameters are optimized through using the different system feedback bandwidths, feedback intensities, optical power and other key parameters. The optimized systematic feedback parameters are obtained via the careful experimental observation and discussion. With the optimized systematic feedback parameters, experimental results show that the frequency stabilities are up to 8 × 10^–14 at 1 s and 1 × 10^–16 at 1000 s, and time stabilities are up to 1.2 ps in an average time of 10³ s. The phase stabilized transmission of hydrogen clock signal in the 200 km level desert environment urban fiber link is realized. The verification experiment plays an important role in measuring the satellite orbit based on a connected elements’ interferometry. The relevant study result is of significance for improving the precision of time and frequency signal dissemination in the dessert environmental urban fiber.

Keywords:

作者及机构信息

1.
中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所, 中国科学院空间激光信息传输与探测技术重点实验室, 上海　201800

2.
中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所, 中国科学院量子光学重点实验室, 上海　201800

通信作者: 孙延光, ygsun@siom.ac.cn

基金项目: 中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(B类)(批准号: XDB21030200)、上海市青年科技英才扬帆计划(批准号: 18YF1426100)和上海市自然科学基金(批准号: 18ZR1444300)资助的课题.

Authors and contacts

1.
Key Laboratory of Space Laser Communication and Detection Technology, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China

2.
Key Laboratory for Quantum Optics, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China

Corresponding author: Sun Yan-Guang, ygsun@siom.ac.cn

Funds: Project supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. XDB21030200), the Shanghai Sailing Program, China (Grant No. 18YF1426100), and the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai, China (Grant No. 18ZR1444300).

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参考文献

[1]	Jiang Y Y, Ludlow A D, Lemke N D, Fox R W, Sherman J A, Ma L S, Oates C W 2011 Nat. Photon. 5 158 Google Scholar
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施引文献

图 1 实地光纤链路铺设情况

Fig. 1. Schematic of urban fiber link.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 高精度光纤时频传递系统

Fig. 2. Schematic diagram of the frequency transfer and time synchronization system.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 (a)环境温度波动测量结果; (b)频率相位快速抖动噪声

Fig. 3. (a) Environmental temperature vibration; (b) fast frequency phase jitter noise.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 (a)温控延迟线构造示意图; (b) 5 km温控延迟线性能测试结果

Fig. 4. (a) Construction of fiber delay line; (b) test result of fiber delay line.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 (a)不同延时线工作电流下的相位抖动; (b)不同延时线工作电流下的阿伦方差

Fig. 5. (a) Phase jitter for different delay line’s working current; (b) the Allan deviation for different delay line’s working current.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 (a)不同反馈带宽下的相位抖动噪声; (b)不同反馈带宽下的噪声阿伦方差; (c)不同情况下的链路相噪测试结果

Fig. 6. (a) Phase jitter in different feedback bandwidth; (b) the Allan deviation in in different feedback bandwidth; (c) phase noise in different conditions.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 (a)不同链路光功率下的的相位抖动噪声; (b)不同链路光功率下的噪声阿伦方差

Fig. 7. (a) Phase jitter in different link optical powers; (b) the Allan deviation in in different link optical powers.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 (a)反馈补偿前后的相位噪声阿伦方差; (b)反馈补偿前后的时延抖动偏差

Fig. 8. (a) The Allan deviation in free running and compensated conditions; (b) time deviation (TEDV) in free running and compensated conditions.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

[1]	Jiang Y Y, Ludlow A D, Lemke N D, Fox R W, Sherman J A, Ma L S, Oates C W 2011 Nat. Photon. 5 158 Google Scholar
[2]	Bloom B J, Nicholson T L, Williams J R, Campbell S L, Bishof M, Zhang X, Zhang W, Bromley S L, Ye J 2014 Nature 506 71 Google Scholar
[3]	董功勋, 林锦达, 张松, 邓见辽, 王育竹 2017 光学学报 37 0702001 Dong G X, Lin J D, Zhang S, Deng J L, Wang Y Z 2017 Acta Opt. Sin. 37 0702001
[4]	Kippenberg T J, Holzwarth R, Diddams S A 2011 Science 332 555 Google Scholar
[5]	Udem T, Holzwarth R, Hänsch T W 2002 Nature 416 233 Google Scholar
[6]	Li Y, Lin Y G, Wang Q, Yang T, Sun Z, Zang E J, Fang Z J 2018 Chin. Opt. Lett. 16 051402 Google Scholar
[7]	Fu X H, Fang S, Zhao R C, Zhang Y, Huang J C, Sun J F, Xu Z, Wang Y Z 2018 Chin. Opt. Lett. 16 060202 Google Scholar
[8]	Masao T, Hong F L, Ryoichi H, Hidetoshi K 2005 Nature 435 321 Google Scholar
[9]	Tseng W, Lin S, Feng K, Fujieda M, Maeno H 2010 IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferr. 57 161 Google Scholar
[10]	Tal D, Octavio MP, Lev T, Jeff H 2010 Nature 463 326 Google Scholar
[11]	Lewandowski W, Azoubib J, Klepczynski W J 1999 Proc. IEEE 87 163 Google Scholar
[12]	王义遒 2004 宇航计测技术 24 1 Google Scholar Wang Y Q. 2004 J. Astron. Metrol. Meas. 24 1 Google Scholar
[13]	Krehlik P, Sliwczynski L, Buczek L, Lipinski M 2012 IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. 61 2844 Google Scholar
[14]	Lopez O, Haboucha A, Chanteau B, Chardonnet C, Amy-Klein A, Santarelli G 2012 Opt. Express 20 23518 Google Scholar
[15]	Droste S, Ozimek F, Udem T, Predehl K, Hansch T W, Schnatz H, Grosche G, Holzwarth R 2013 Phys. Rev. Lett. 111 110801 Google Scholar
[16]	Liu Q, Han S L, Wang J L, Feng Z T, Chen W, Cheng N, Gui Y Z, Cai H W, Han S S 2016 Chin. Opt. Lett. 14 070602
[17]	刘琴, 韩圣龙, 王家亮, 冯子桐, 陈炜, 程楠, 桂有珍, 蔡海文, 韩申生 2016 中国激光 43 0906001 Liu Q, Han S L, Wang J L, Feng Z T, Chen W, Cheng N, Gui Y Z, Cai H W, Han S S 2016 Chin. J. Lasers 43 0906001
[18]	Wang B, Gao C, Chen W L, Miao J, Zhu X, Bai Y, Zhang J W, Feng Y Y, Li T C, Wang L J 2012 Sci. Rep. 2 556 Google Scholar
[19]	陈炜, 程楠, 刘琴, 王家亮, 冯子桐, 杨飞, 韩圣龙, 桂有珍, 蔡海文 2016 中国激光 43 0706001 Chen W, Cheng N, Liu Q, Wang J L, Feng Z T, Yang F, Han S L, Gui Y Z, Cai H W 2016 Chin. J. Lasers 43 0706001
[20]	Foreman S M, Holman K W, Hudson D D, Jones D J, Ye J 2007 Rev. Sci. Instrum. 78 021101 Google Scholar

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200 km沙漠链路高精度光纤时频传递关键技术研究