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Ti, N共掺杂4H-SiC复合增强缓冲层生长及其对PiN二极管正向性能稳定性的改善

李传纲 鞠涛 张立国 李杨 张璇 秦娟 张宝顺 张泽洪

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Ti, N共掺杂4H-SiC复合增强缓冲层生长及其对PiN二极管正向性能稳定性的改善

李传纲, 鞠涛, 张立国, 李杨, 张璇, 秦娟, 张宝顺, 张泽洪

Growth of 4H-SiC recombination-enhancing buffer layer with Ti and N co-doping and improvement of forward voltage stability of PiN diodes

Li Chuan-Gang, Ju Tao, Zhang Li-Guo, Li Yang, Zhang Xuan, Qin Juan, Zhang Bao-Shun, Zhang Ze-Hong
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  • “双极型退化”现象严重阻碍了4H-SiC双极型器件如PiN二极管等的产品化, 其微观机理是电子-空穴复合条件下层错由基面位错处的扩展. 为遏制“双极型退化”现象, 不仅要消除漂移层中的基面位错, 还需要通过生长复合增强缓冲层的方法阻止少子空穴到达含高密度基面位错片段的外延层/衬底界面. 本文采用钛、氮共掺杂的方式进行缓冲层的生长, 通过钛掺杂进一步降低缓冲层中的少子寿命. 首先确定了钛掺杂浓度和钛源摩尔流量之间的定量关系, 在此基础上制备了含钛、氮共掺杂缓冲层结构的4H-SiC PiN二极管, 并在正向电流密度100 A/cm2的条件下保持10 min, 测量其正向压降随时间的变化. 与无缓冲层结构、仅含高浓度氮掺杂缓冲层结构的4H-SiC PiN二极管相比, 含钛、氮共掺杂缓冲层的二极管的正向压降稳定性得到了明显改善.
    “Bipolar degradation” phenomenon has severely impeded the development of 4H-SiC bipolar devices. Their defect mechanism is the expansion of Shockley-type stacking faults from basal plane dislocations under the condition of electron-hole recombination. To suppress the “bipolar degradation” phenomenon, not only do the basal plane dislocations in the 4H-SiC drift layer need eliminating, but also a recombination-enhancing buffer layer is required to prevent the minority carriers of holes from reaching the epilayer/substrate interface where high-density basal plane dislocation segments exist. In this paper, Ti and N co-doped 4H-SiC buffer layers are grown to further shorten the minority carrier lifetime. Firstly, the dependence of Ti doping concentration on TiCl4 flow rate in 4H-SiC epilayers is determined by using single-dilution gas line and double-dilution gas line. Then the p+ layer and p++ layer in PiN diode are obtained by aluminum ion implantation at room temperature and 500 ℃ followed by high temperature activation annealing. Finally, 4H-SiC PiN diodes with a Ti, N co-doped buffer layer are fabricated and tested with a forward current density of 100 A/cm2 for 10 min. Comparing with the PiN diodes without a buffer layer and with a buffer layer only doped with high concentration of nitrogen, the forward voltage drop stability of those diodes with a 2 μm-thick Ti, N co-doped buffer layer (Ti: 3.70 × 1015 cm–3 and N: 1.01 × 1019 cm–3) is greatly improved.
      通信作者: 秦娟, juan_qin@staff.shu.edu.cn ; 张宝顺, bszhang2006@sinano.ac.cn
    • 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金青年科学基金(批准号: 61804166)资助的课题
      Corresponding author: Qin Juan, juan_qin@staff.shu.edu.cn ; Zhang Bao-Shun, bszhang2006@sinano.ac.cn
    • Funds: Project supported by the Young Scientists Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 61804166)
    [1]

    Lendenmann H, Dahlquist F, Johansson N, Soderholm R, Nilsson P A, Bergman J P, Skytt P 2001 Mater. Sci. Forum. 353–356 727Google Scholar

    [2]

    Skowronski M, Liu J Q, Vetter W M, Dudley M, Hallin C, Lendenmann H 2002 J. Appl. Phys. 92 4699Google Scholar

    [3]

    Caldwell J D, Stahlbush R E, Ancona M G, Glembocki O J, Hobart K D 2010 J. Appl. Phys. 108 044503Google Scholar

    [4]

    Maeda K, Hirano R, Sato Y, Tajima M 2012 Mater. Sci. Forum. 725 35Google Scholar

    [5]

    Ha S, Mieszkowski P, Skowronski M, Rowland L B 2002 J. Cryst. Growth 244 257Google Scholar

    [6]

    Tsuchida H, Kamata I, Miyazawa T, Ito M, Zhang X, Nagano M 2018 Mater. Sci. Semicond. Process. 78 2Google Scholar

    [7]

    Tanaka A, Matsuhata H, Kawabata N, Mori D, Inoue K, Ryo M, Fujimoto T, Tawara T, Miyazato M, Miyajima M, Fukuda K, Ohtsuki A, Tomohisa T, Tsuchida H, Yonezawa Y, Kimoto T 2016 J. Appl. Phys. 119 095711Google Scholar

    [8]

    Sumakeris J J, Bergman P, Das M K, Hallin C, Hull B A, Janzen E, Lendenmann H, O’Loughlin M J, Paisley M J, Ha S Y, Skowronski M, Palmour J W, Carter Jr C H 2006 Mater. Sci. Forum. 527-529 141Google Scholar

    [9]

    Hori T, Danno K, Kimoto T 2007 J. Cryst. Growth. 306 297Google Scholar

    [10]

    Stahlbush R E, VanMil B L, Myers Ward R L, Lew K K, Gaskill D K, Eddy Jr C R 2009 Appl. Phys. Lett. 94 041916Google Scholar

    [11]

    Mahadik N A, Stahlbush R E, Ancona M G, Lmhoff E A, Hobart K D, Myers-Ward R L, Eddy Jr C R, Gaskill D K, Kub F J 2012 Appl. Phys. Lett. 100 042102Google Scholar

    [12]

    Tawara T, Miyazawa T, Ryo M, Miyazato M, Fujimoto T, Takenaka K, Matsunaga S, Miyajima M, Otsuki A, Yonezawa Y, Kato T, Okumura H, Kimoto T, Tsuchida H 2016 J. Appl. Phys. 120 115101Google Scholar

    [13]

    Miyazawa T, Tawara T, Tsuchida H 2017 Mater. Sci. Forum. 897 67Google Scholar

    [14]

    Miyazawa T, Tawara T, Takanashi R, Tsuchida H 2016 Appl. Phys. Express 9 111301Google Scholar

    [15]

    Murata K, Tawara T, Yang A, Takanashi R, Miyazawa T, Tsuchida H 2019 J. Appl. Phys. 126 045711Google Scholar

    [16]

    Tawara T, Miyazawa T, Ryo M, Miyazato M, Fujimoto T, Takenaka K, Matsunaga S, Miyajima M, Otsuki A, Yonezawa Y, Kato T, Okumura H, Kimoto T, Tsuchida H 2017 Mater. Sci. Forum. 897 419Google Scholar

    [17]

    Dalibor T, Pensl G, Matsunami H, Kimoto T, Choyke W J, Schoner A, Nordell N 1997 Phys. Status Solidi A 162 199Google Scholar

    [18]

    Hobgood H M, Glass R C, Augustine G, Hopkins R H, Jenny J, Skowronski M, Mitchel W C, Roth M 1995 Appl. Phys. Lett. 66 1364Google Scholar

    [19]

    Dalibor T, Pensl G, Nordell N, Schoner A 1997 Phys. Rev. B 55 13618Google Scholar

    [20]

    Maier K, Muller H D, Schneider J 1992 Mater. Sci. Forum. 83–87 1183Google Scholar

  • 图 1  (a) 4H-SiC CVD外延设备示意图; Ti掺杂(b)单稀释和(c)双稀释管路示意图

    Fig. 1.  Schematics of (a) the CVD reactor for 4H-SiC epitaxial growth, (b) single-dilution pipe and (c) double-dilution pipe of TiCl4 gas delivery.

    图 2  (a) 含Ti, N共掺杂缓冲层结构的SiC PiN二极管结构示意图; (b) TRIM模拟的Al注入浓度箱型分布

    Fig. 2.  (a) Schematic of the cross-sectional structure of a 4H-SiC PiN diode with Ti and N co-doped buffer layer; (b) box-profile of Al concentration by TRIM simulation.

    图 3  Ti掺杂浓度随TiCl4摩尔流量的变化

    Fig. 3.  Relationship between Ti doping concentration and TiCl4 mole flow rate.

    图 4  Ti, N共掺杂4H-SiC缓冲层表面形貌(Nd = 1.01 × 1019 cm–3) (a) Ti掺杂浓度为3.70 × 1015 cm–3; (b) Ti掺杂浓度为3.71 × 1016 cm–3

    Fig. 4.  Optical microscope images of the Ti and N co-doped 4H-SiC buffer layer surface with Ti doping concentrations of (a) 3.70 × 1015 cm–3 and (b) 3.71 × 1016 cm–3. Both with Nd = 1.01 × 1019 cm–3.

    图 5  无缓冲层、仅含高浓度N掺杂缓冲层、含Ti和N共掺杂缓冲层的4H-SiC PiN二极管的正向特性 (a), (c), (e)在100 A/cm2电流密度下10 min, 正向压降随时间的变化; (b), (d), (f)正向偏置前后正向电流-电压曲线的对比

    Fig. 5.  (a), (c), (e) Change of forward voltage drop vs. time and (b), (d), (f) comparison between the forward I-V characteristics before and after being biased for 10 min at a current density of 100 A/cm2 for 4H-SiC PiN diodes without a buffer layer, with a highly N-doped buffer layer, and with a Ti and N co-doped buffer layer.

    表 1  Ti掺杂实验参数

    Table 1.  Experimental parameters of Ti doping.

    稀释管路MFC1MFC2MFC3TiCl4掺杂摩尔流量
    /sccm/slm/sccm/(mol·min–1)
    单稀释1.259.8007.25 × 10–7
    59.8002.90 × 10–6
    509.8002.90 × 10–5
    双稀释500.10058.95 × 10–7
    500.07551.14 × 10–6
    500.04051.62 × 10–6
    下载: 导出CSV
  • [1]

    Lendenmann H, Dahlquist F, Johansson N, Soderholm R, Nilsson P A, Bergman J P, Skytt P 2001 Mater. Sci. Forum. 353–356 727Google Scholar

    [2]

    Skowronski M, Liu J Q, Vetter W M, Dudley M, Hallin C, Lendenmann H 2002 J. Appl. Phys. 92 4699Google Scholar

    [3]

    Caldwell J D, Stahlbush R E, Ancona M G, Glembocki O J, Hobart K D 2010 J. Appl. Phys. 108 044503Google Scholar

    [4]

    Maeda K, Hirano R, Sato Y, Tajima M 2012 Mater. Sci. Forum. 725 35Google Scholar

    [5]

    Ha S, Mieszkowski P, Skowronski M, Rowland L B 2002 J. Cryst. Growth 244 257Google Scholar

    [6]

    Tsuchida H, Kamata I, Miyazawa T, Ito M, Zhang X, Nagano M 2018 Mater. Sci. Semicond. Process. 78 2Google Scholar

    [7]

    Tanaka A, Matsuhata H, Kawabata N, Mori D, Inoue K, Ryo M, Fujimoto T, Tawara T, Miyazato M, Miyajima M, Fukuda K, Ohtsuki A, Tomohisa T, Tsuchida H, Yonezawa Y, Kimoto T 2016 J. Appl. Phys. 119 095711Google Scholar

    [8]

    Sumakeris J J, Bergman P, Das M K, Hallin C, Hull B A, Janzen E, Lendenmann H, O’Loughlin M J, Paisley M J, Ha S Y, Skowronski M, Palmour J W, Carter Jr C H 2006 Mater. Sci. Forum. 527-529 141Google Scholar

    [9]

    Hori T, Danno K, Kimoto T 2007 J. Cryst. Growth. 306 297Google Scholar

    [10]

    Stahlbush R E, VanMil B L, Myers Ward R L, Lew K K, Gaskill D K, Eddy Jr C R 2009 Appl. Phys. Lett. 94 041916Google Scholar

    [11]

    Mahadik N A, Stahlbush R E, Ancona M G, Lmhoff E A, Hobart K D, Myers-Ward R L, Eddy Jr C R, Gaskill D K, Kub F J 2012 Appl. Phys. Lett. 100 042102Google Scholar

    [12]

    Tawara T, Miyazawa T, Ryo M, Miyazato M, Fujimoto T, Takenaka K, Matsunaga S, Miyajima M, Otsuki A, Yonezawa Y, Kato T, Okumura H, Kimoto T, Tsuchida H 2016 J. Appl. Phys. 120 115101Google Scholar

    [13]

    Miyazawa T, Tawara T, Tsuchida H 2017 Mater. Sci. Forum. 897 67Google Scholar

    [14]

    Miyazawa T, Tawara T, Takanashi R, Tsuchida H 2016 Appl. Phys. Express 9 111301Google Scholar

    [15]

    Murata K, Tawara T, Yang A, Takanashi R, Miyazawa T, Tsuchida H 2019 J. Appl. Phys. 126 045711Google Scholar

    [16]

    Tawara T, Miyazawa T, Ryo M, Miyazato M, Fujimoto T, Takenaka K, Matsunaga S, Miyajima M, Otsuki A, Yonezawa Y, Kato T, Okumura H, Kimoto T, Tsuchida H 2017 Mater. Sci. Forum. 897 419Google Scholar

    [17]

    Dalibor T, Pensl G, Matsunami H, Kimoto T, Choyke W J, Schoner A, Nordell N 1997 Phys. Status Solidi A 162 199Google Scholar

    [18]

    Hobgood H M, Glass R C, Augustine G, Hopkins R H, Jenny J, Skowronski M, Mitchel W C, Roth M 1995 Appl. Phys. Lett. 66 1364Google Scholar

    [19]

    Dalibor T, Pensl G, Nordell N, Schoner A 1997 Phys. Rev. B 55 13618Google Scholar

    [20]

    Maier K, Muller H D, Schneider J 1992 Mater. Sci. Forum. 83–87 1183Google Scholar

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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2020-06-15
  • 修回日期:  2020-09-09
  • 上网日期:  2021-01-18
  • 刊出日期:  2021-02-05

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