溶胶-喷雾法制备多壁碳纳米管增强氧化铝基复合材料及性能研究

谈松林; 庄永起; 易健宏

doi:10.7498/aps.71.20211043

摘要

采用溶胶-喷雾制备了多壁碳纳米管增强氧化铝基球形复合粉体, 采用放电等离子真空快速烧结成型. SEM分析测试结果表明, 多壁碳纳米管在氧化铝基体中呈网络分布, 且主要位于晶界处, 少量呈穿晶分布. 复合材料性能分析测试结果表明, 当多壁碳纳米管的质量分数为0.5%时, 复合材料的维氏硬度相对纯的氧化铝提高了32.6%; 热扩散系数在不同测试温度下相对纯氧化铝的平均提高幅度为27.2%. 此外, 当多壁碳纳米管质量分数达到0.5%时复合材料呈导体, 根据渗流导电理论拟合得到实验制备复合材料的渗流阈值为0.32 wt.%, 说明多壁碳纳米管在氧化铝基体中分散良好.

关键词:

Abstract

The spherical composite powders of multi-walled carbon nanotubes reinforced alumina are prepared by sol- spray. The results show that the multi-walled carbon nanotubes are well dispersed in the composites. The analyses of the composite properties show that most of the multi-walled carbon nanotubes are distributed in a network at the grain boundaries, and a small number of them are distributed in the grains. When the mass fraction of multi-walled carbon nanotubes accounts for 0.5%, the Vickers hardness of the composite increases by 32.6% relative to pure alumina; the thermal diffusion coefficient increased averagely by 27.2% with respect to pure alumina at different temperatures. The composites are conductive at 0.5% of multi-walled carbon nanotubes, and the percolation threshold of the composites prepared by this method is 0.32wt.% based on the fitting of the percolation conductivity theory, indicating that the multi-walled carbon nanotubes are well dispersed in the alumina matrix.

Keywords:

作者及机构信息

云南昆明理工大学材料科学与工程学院, 昆明　650091

通信作者: 谈松林, tansonglin@icloud.com

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(批准号: 51741102)、云南省教育厅重大项目(批准号: 2016CYH08)和云南省科技厅创新团队(批准号: 2017HC033)资助的课题.

Authors and contacts

Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650091, China

Corresponding author: Tan Song-Lin, tansonglin@icloud.com

Funds: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51741102), the Major projects of Yunnan Provincial Department of Education (Grant No. 2016CYH08) and Innovation team of Yunnan Provincial Science and Technology Department (Grant No. 2017HC033).

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参考文献

[1]	Iijima, Sumio 1991 Nature 354 56 Google Scholar
[2]	Ke C, Jia C C, Li W S 2013 Appl. Phys. A 110 269 Google Scholar
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施引文献

图 1 溶胶-喷雾制备的球形粉末SEM图　(a) 300 ℃喷雾后的水合氢氧化铝; (b) 900 ℃热处理后的Al₂O₃; (c) (d)300 ℃喷雾干燥后的1% MWNT/Al₂O₃粉末; (e) (f) 为(c)氩气中900 ℃热处理后的1% MWNT/Al₂O₃粉末

Fig. 1. SEM of spherical powder prepared by sol-spray: (a) Hydrated aluminum hydroxide after spray drying at 300 ℃; (b) Al₂O₃ after heat treatment at 900 ℃; (c) and (d) 1% MWNT/Al₂O₃ composites powder after spray drying at 300 ℃; (e) and (f) 1% MWNT/Al₂O₃ composites powder after heat treatment at 900 ℃ in argon.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 Al₂O₃及MWNT/Al₂O₃复合材料断面SEM照片　(a)为纯氧化铝; (b)(d)MWNTs质量分数为0.5%; (c) MWNTs质量分数为1%

Fig. 2. SEM of fracture surface of pure alumina and MWNT/Al₂O₃ composites (a) pure alumina; (b) (d) 0.5% MWNT/Al₂O₃ composites; (c) 1% MWNT/Al₂O₃ composites.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 不同质量分数MWNT/Al₂O₃复合材料XRD图谱

Fig. 3. XRD patterns of MWNT/Al₂O₃ composites with different mass fractions.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 MWNT/Al₂O₃复合材料(1#—6#)电导率拟合曲线

Fig. 4. Fitting curve of the conductivity of MWNT/Al₂O₃ composite’s(1#–6#).

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 MWNT/Al₂O₃复合材料(1#-6#)热导率与MWNTs质量分数关系曲线

Fig. 5. Curves between the thermal conductivity of composite materials(1#–6#) and the mass fraction of MWNTs.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 MWNT/Al₂O₃复合材料性能测试结果

Table 1. Properties of MWNT/Al₂O₃ composite.

编号	样品名称及烧结参数	相对密度/%	维氏硬度/HV	电导率/(S·cm^–1)
1#	0.0%WMNTs(3 min × 1450 ℃ × 40 MPa)	100	1436.7	10^–13
2#	0.1%WMNTs(3 min × 1450 ℃ × 40 MPa)	99.1	1523.7	—
3#	0.5%WMNTs(3 min × 1450 ℃ × 40 MPa)	98.7	1901.4	0.649
4#	1.0%WMNTs(3 min × 1450 ℃ × 40 MPa)	98.5	1733.6	0.838
5#	2.0%WMNTs(3 min × 1450 ℃ × 40 MPa)	98.0	1698.6	0.983
6#	4.0%WMNTs(3 min × 1450 ℃ × 40 MPa)	97.3	1233.2	1.144
	改变烧结参数对性能影响
7#	1.0%WMNTs(6 min × 1450 ℃ × 40 MPa)	98.5	1703.1	0.789
8#	1.0%WMNTs(9 min × 1450 ℃ × 40 MPa)	98.7	1687.5	0.917
9#	1.0%WMNTs(3 min × 1450 ℃ × 50 MPa)	98.8	1747.8	0.923
10#	1.0%WMNTs(3 min × 1500 ℃ × 40 MPa)	98.6	1673.1	0.768

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 5% MWNT/Al₂O₃复合材料和纯Al₂O₃热扩散系数

Table 2. Thermal diffusivity of 0.5% MWNT/Al₂O₃ composite and pure Al₂O₃.

测试温度/℃	纯Al₂O₃热扩散系数 /(mm²·s^–1)	0.5% MWNT /Al₂O₃热扩散系数/(mm²·s^–1)	热扩散系数提高幅度/%
50	7.85	9.71	23.7
100	6.15	7.77	26.2
200	4.35	5.56	27.8
300	3.38	4.34	28.4
400	2.81	3.59	28.0
500	2.40	3.10	29.3
平均值			27.2

下载: 导出CSV

[1]	Iijima, Sumio 1991 Nature 354 56 Google Scholar
[2]	Ke C, Jia C C, Li W S 2013 Appl. Phys. A 110 269 Google Scholar
[3]	Chan K F, Zaid M, Mamat M S, Liza S, Yaakob Y 2021 Crystals 11 457 Google Scholar
[4]	Park S S, Moorthy M S, Ha C S 2014 Korean J. Chem. Eng. 31 1707 Google Scholar
[5]	Hassan R U, Shahzad F, Abbas N, Hussain, S 2019 J. Mater. Sci-Mater EI. 30 6304
[6]	康艳茹, 何禧佳, 殷正娥, 李亚利 2018 复合材料学报 35 150 Kang Y R, He X J, Yin Z E, Li Y L 2018 Acta Mater. Compos. Sin. 35 150
[7]	Ngo I L, Jeon S, Chan B 2016 Int J Heat Mass Tran. 98 219 Google Scholar
[8]	Li C, Liang T, Lu W, Tang C, Hu X, Cao M 2004 Compos. Sci. Technol. 64 2089 Google Scholar
[9]	Lee T H, Cho S H, Lee T G 2018 J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 101 3156 Google Scholar
[10]	Chung, D D L. 2001 Carbon 39 279 Google Scholar
[11]	Singh M A, Sarma D K, Hanzel O, Sedláček J, Šajgalík P 2017 J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 37 3107 Google Scholar
[12]	Nan C W, Shi Z, Lin Y 2003 Chem. Phys. Lett. 375 666 Google Scholar
[13]	Lanfant B, Leconte Y, Debski N, Bonnefont G, Bernard F 2018 Ceram. Int. 45 2566
[14]	Kaiser A B, G Düsberg, Roth S 1998 Phys. Rev. B 57 1418 Google Scholar
[15]	Momohjimoh I, Saheb N, Hussein M A, Laoui T, Aqeeli N. 2020 Ceram. Int. 46 16008 Google Scholar
[16]	Lanfant B, Leconte Y, Debski N, Pinault M, Mayne M, Herlin N 2014 Tech. Connect. World Washington, June 15−18 2014 p131.
[17]	Liu C, Ding J 2020 Procedia Manufacturing 48 763 Google Scholar
[18]	Zhan G D, Mukherjee A K 2010 Int. J. Appl. Ceram. Tec. 1 161
[19]	Saheb N, Hayat U 2017 Ceram. Int. 43 5715 Google Scholar
[20]	Lee K, Chan B M, Park S B, Hong S H 2011 J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 94 3774 Google Scholar
[21]	Kumari L, Zhang T, Du G H, Li W Z, Wang Q W, Datye A Wu K H 2009 Ceram. Int. 35 1775 Google Scholar
[22]	Estili M, Sakka Y 2014 Sci. Technol. Adv. Mat. 15 064902 Google Scholar
[23]	Zhang S C, Fahrenholtz W G, Hilmas G E, Yadlowsky E J 2010 J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 30 1373 Google Scholar
[24]	Barinov S M, Fateeva L V, Yurashev S V, Ballóková E, Rudnayová E 2002 Powder Metall. Prog. 22 61
[25]	Lin J, Fan G, Li Z, Kai X, Di Z, Chen Z, Humphries S, Heness G, Yeung W Y Z 2011 Carbon 49 1965 Google Scholar
[26]	Damavandi B Y, Xia Y, Ahmad I, Zhu Y 2017 Veruscript Functional Nanomaterials 41 1
[27]	Groffman P M, Baron J S, Blett T, Gold A, Goodman I, Gunderson L H, Levinson B M, Palmer M A, Paerl H W, Peterson G D 2006 Ecosystems 9 1 Google Scholar
[28]	S M 1994 Applications of Percolation Theory(Los Angeles: CRC Press) pp53−57.
[29]	Bergman D J 1980 Phys. Rev. Lett. 44 1285 Google Scholar
[30]	Liu Y, Lin, Y, Shi Z, Nan, C W, Shen Z J 2005 J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 88 1337 Google Scholar
[31]	Meir Y 2012 Physica A 302 391

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