Studies of scanning tunneling spectroscopy on iron-based superconductors

Gu Qiang-Qiang; Wan Si-Yuan; Yang Huan; Wen Hai-Hu

doi:10.7498/aps.67.20181818

Abstract

Since the discovery of iron-based superconductors in 2008, it has been a hot topic to research the pairing mechanism of superconductivity. Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) can be used to detect the electronic information in nano-scale, hence, it is an important tool to do research on superconductivity. In recent 10 years, many valuable works have been carried out by STM in iron-based superconductors. In this paper, we try to make a brief introduction of the STM works in iron-based superconductors. Since the iron-based superconductors have multiple bands and superconducting gaps, the Fermi surface topology can change significantly among different materials. There are some evidences to prove a nodeless s-wave pairing in the optimally-doped iron-based superconductors with both electron and hole pockets by STM experiments. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that FeSe-based materials with only electron pockets also have a sign-change order parameter, which provides a robust evidence for the unified picture of the electron pairing in iron-based superconductors. Besides, STM experiments provide fruitful information about the novel electronic properties including the electronic nematicity, shallow band effect, and possible topological superconductivity. Finally, we also give perspectives about the STM studies in iron based superconductors.

Keywords:

Authors and contacts

1.
Center for Superconducting Physics and Materials, Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China

Corresponding author: Yang Huan, huanyang@nju.edu.cn;hhwen@nju.edu.cn ; Wen Hai-Hu, huanyang@nju.edu.cn;hhwen@nju.edu.cn

Funds: Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Plan of China (Grant No. 2016YFA0300401) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11534005).

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Cited By

[1]	Kamihara Y, Watanabe T, Hirano M, Hosono H 2008 J. Ame. Chem. Soc. 130 3296
[2]	McMillan W L 1967 Phys. Rev. 167 331
[3]	Wen H H, Li S L 2011 Annu. Rev. Condens. Matter Phys. 2 121
[4]	Dai P 2015 Rev. Mod. Phys. 87 855
[5]	Chubukov A 2012 Annu. Rev. Condens. Matter Phys. 3 57
[6]	Chen X, Dai P, Feng D, Xiang T, Zhang F C 2014 Nat. Sci. Rev. 1 371
[7]	Hoffman J E 2011 Rep. Prog. Phys. 74 124513
[8]	He S, He J, Zhang W, Zhao L, Liu D, Liu X, Mou D, Ou Y B, Wang Q Y, Li Z, Wang L, Peng Y, Liu Y, Chen C, Yu L, Liu G, Dong X, Zhang J, Chen C, Xu Z, Chen X, Ma X, Xue Q, Zhou X J 2013 Nat. Mater. 12 605
[9]	Tan S, Zhang Y, Xia M, Ye Z, Chen F, Xie X, Peng R, Xu D, Fan Q, Xu H, Jiang J, Zhang T, Lai X, Xiang T, Hu J, Xie B, Feng D L 2013 Nat. Mater. 12 634
[10]	Niu X H, Peng R, Xu H C, Yan Y J, Jiang J, Xu D F, Yu T L, Song Q, Huang Z C, Wang Y X, Xie B P, Lu X F, Wang N Z, Chen X H, Sun Z, Feng D L 2015 Phys. Rev. B 92 060504
[11]	Zhao L, Liang A J, Yuan D N, Hu Y, Liu D F, Huang J W, He S L, Shen B, Xu Y, Liu X, Yu L, Liu G D, Zhou H X, Huang Y L, Dong X L, Zhou F, Liu K, Lu Z Y, Zhao Z X, Chen C T, Xu Z Y, Zhou X J 2016 Nat. Commun. 7 10608
[12]	Zhang Y, Yang L X, Xu M, Ye Z R, Chen F, He C, Xu H C, Jiang J, Xie B P, Ying J J, Wang X F, Chen X H, Hu J P, Matsunami M, Kimura S, Feng D L 2011 Nat. Mater. 10 273
[13]	Zhao L, Mou D, Liu S, Jia X, He J, Peng Y, Yu L, Liu X, Liu G, He S, Dong X, Zhang J, He J B, Wang D M, Chen G F, Guo J G, Chen X L, Wang X, Peng Q, Wang Z, Zhang S, Yang F, Xu Z, Chen C, Zhou X J 2011 Phys. Rev. B 83 140508
[14]	Fang D L, Shi X, Du Z Y, Richard P, Yang H, Wu X X, Zhang P, Qian T, Ding X X, Wang Z Y, Kim T K, Hoesch M, Wang A F, Chen X H, Hu J P, Ding H, Wen H H 2015 Phys. Rev. B 92 144513
[15]	Christianson A D, Goremychkin E A, Osborn R, Rosenkranz S, Lumsden M D, Malliakas C D, Todorov I S, Claus H, Chung D Y, Kanatzidis M G, Bewley R I, Guidi T 2008 Nature 456 930
[16]	Scalapino D J 2012 Rev. Mod. Phys. 84 1383
[17]	Mazin I I, Singh D J, Johannes M D, Du M H 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett. 101 057003
[18]	Kuroki K, Onari S, Arita R, Usui H, Tanaka Y, Kontani H, Aoki H 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett. 101 087004
[19]	Kontani H, Onari S 2010 Phys. Rev. Lett. 104 157001
[20]	Hanaguri T, Niitaka S, Kuroki K, Takagi H 2010 Science 328 474
[21]	Anderson P W 1959 J. Phys. Chem. Solids 11 26
[22]	Balatsky A, Zhu J X, Vekhter I 2006 Rev. Mod. Phys. 78 373
[23]	Pan S H, Hudson E W, Lang K M, Eisaki H, Uchida S, Davis J C 2000 Nature 403 746
[24]	Kariyado T, Ogata M 2010 J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 79 083704
[25]	Yang H, Wang Z, Fang D, Li S, Kariyado T, Chen G, Ogata M, Das T, Balasky A V, Wen H H 2012 Phys. Rev. B 86 214512
[26]	Yang H, Wang Z, Fang D, Deng Q, Wang Q H, Xiang Y Y, Yang Y, Wen H H 2013 Nat. Commun. 4 2749
[27]	Hirschfeld P J, Altefeld D, Eremin I, Mazin I I 2015 Phys. Rev. B 92 184513
[28]	Sprau P O, Kostin A, Kreise A, Bhmer A E, Taufour V, Canfield P C, Mukherjee S, Hirschfeld P J, Andersen B M, Davis J C 2017 Science 357 75
[29]	Du Z, Yang X, Altenfeld D, Gu Q, Yang H, Eremin I, Hirschfeld P J, Mazin I I, Lin H, Zhu X, Wen H H 2018 Nat. Phys. 14 134
[30]	Hsu F C, Luo J Y, Yeh K W, Chen T K, Huang T W, Wu P W, Lee Y C, Huang Y L, Chu Y Y, Yan D C, Wu M K 2008 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 105 14262
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[43]	Gu Q, Wan S, Du Z, Yang X, Yang H, Lin H, Zhu X, Wen H 2018 Phys. Rev. B 98 134503
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[45]	Wang Q, Zhang W, Chen W, Xing Y, Sun Y, Wang Z, Mei J W, Wang Z, Wang L, Ma X C, Liu F, Xue Q K, Wang J 2017 2D Mater. 4 034004
[46]	Chuang T M, Allan M P, Lee J, Xie Y, Ni N, Bud'ko S L, Boebinger G S, Canfield P C, Davis J C 2010 Science 327 181
[47]	Zhou X D, Ye C, Cai P, Wang X F, Chen X H, Wang Y Y 2011 Phys. Rev. Lett. 106 087001
[48]	Rosenthal E P, Andrade E F, Arguello C J, Fernandes R M, Xing L Y, Wang X C, Jin C Q, Millis A J， Pasupathy A N 2014 Nat. Phys. 10 225
[49]	Chu J H, Analytis J G, de Greve K, McMahon P L, Islam Z, Yamamoto Y, Fisher I R 2010 Science 329 824
[50]	Tanatar M A, Blomberg E C, Kreyssig A, Kim M G, Ni N, Thaler A, Bud'ko S L, Canfield P C, Goldman A I, Mazin I I, Prozorov R 2010 Phys. Rev. B 81 184508
[51]	Deng Q, Liu J, Xing J, Yang H, Wen H H 2015 Phys. Rev. B 91 020508
[52]	Fernandes R M, Chubukov A V, Schmalian J 2014 Nat. Phys. 10 97
[53]	Kostin A, Sprau P O, Kreisel A, Chong Y X, Bhmer A E, Canfield P C, Hirschfeld P J, Andersen B M, Davis J C 2018 Nat. Mater. 17 869
[54]	Caroli C, de Gennes P G, Matricon J 1964 J. Phys. Lett. 9 307
[55]	Hayashi N, Isoshima T, Ichioka M, Machida K 1998 Phys. Rev. Lett. 80 2921
[56]	Chen M Y, Chen X Y, Yang H, Du Z Y, Zhu X Y, Wang E Y, Wen H H 2018 Nat. Commun. 9 970
[57]	Lubashevsky Y, Lahoud E, Chashka K, Podolsky D, Kanigel A 2012 Nat. Phys. 8 309
[58]	Rinott S, Chashka K B, Ribak A, Rienks E D L, Taleb -Ibrahimi A, Fevre P L, Bertran F, Randeria M, Kanigel A 2017 Sci. Adv. 3 e1602372
[59]	Yang H, Chen G, Zhu X, Xing J, Wen H H 2017 Phys. Rev. B 96 064501
[60]	Qi X L, Zhang S C 2011 Rev. Mod. Phys. 83 1057
[61]	Ando Y, Fu L 2015 Annu. Rev. Condens. Matter Phys. 6 361
[62]	Xu J P, Wang M X, Liu Z L, Ge J F, Yang X, Liu C, Xu Z A, Guan D, Gao C L, Qian D, Liu Y, Wang Q H, Zhang F C, Xue Q K, Jia J F 2015 Phys. Rev. Lett. 114 017001
[63]	Wang H, Wang H, Liu H, Lu H, Yang W, Jia S, Liu X J, Xie X C, Wei J, Wang J 2016 Nat. Mater. 15 38
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[65]	Wu X X, Qin S, Liang Y, Fan H, Hu J 2016 Phys. Rev. B 93 115129
[66]	Zhang P, Yaji K, Hashimoto T, Ota Y, Kondo T, Okazaki K, Wang Z J, Wen J S, Gu G D, Ding H, Shin S 2018 Science 360 182
[67]	Wang D F, Kong L Y, Fan P, Chen H, Zhu S Y, Liu W Y, Cao L, Sun Y J, Du S X, Schneeloch J, Zhong R D, Gu G D, Fu L, Ding H, Gao H J 2018 Science 362 333

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Vol. 67, Issue 20 - 2018-10-20

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