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Bubbles are existent everywhere and of great importance for the daily life and industry process, such as heat exchange rate influenced by bubbles in the tube, battery life partially decided by bubbles of chemical reaction in it, etc. With the further requirement for miniaturization, physical mechanisms behind bubble behaviors in microchannels become crucial. In the present work, the lattice Boltzmann method is used to investigate the behavior of bubbles as they rise in complex microchannels under the action of buoyancy. The channel is placed with two asymmetric obstacles on its left and right side. Initially, the lattice Boltzmann model is tested for its reliability and accuracy by Laplace law. Then a few parameters of flow field, i.e. the Eötvös number, the viscosity ratio, the vertical distance between the obstacles, the horizontal distance between the obstacles, are employed to study the characteristics of the bubble during the movement, including the deformation, the rising speed, the residual mass, and the time of bubble passing through the channel. The results are shown below. First, the trend of the bubble's velocity changing with time in the process of passing through the channel corresponds to the change process of the dynamic behavior of the interface, i.e. the bubble velocity decreases when the bubble shape changes significantly under the same channel width. Second, with the increase of
$ Eo $ number, the bubble deformation as well as the bubble velocity increases and the bubble residual mass decreases. Besides, the gas-to-liquid viscosity ratio has a significant effect on the bubble velocity. Under the condition of high viscosity ratio, the bubble shape is difficult to maintain a round shape, while the bubble rise velocity increases and the residual mass of the bubble decreases with the viscosity ratio. What is more, when the obstacle setting is changed, the longer the vertical distance between the two asymmetric obstacles, the shorter the bubble passing time is, and the faster it will return to the original shape after passing through the obstacle, while the residual mass of the bubble shows a change trend of approximately unchanged-increase-decrease-increase with the augment of the vertical distance between the obstacles. In the study of changing the horizontal spacing, two cases: the two obstacles are changed at the same time (Case A) and only the one-sided obstacle is changed (Case B), are considered. The results show that under the same small horizontal interval, the obstruction effect caused by changing only the length of one side obstacle is stronger. Finally, the study shows that when the width of the right obstacle is long enough, although the width of the obstacle continues to increase, the passing time of the bubble increases slowly, and the position of the bubble leaving from the obstacle is always approximately the same.-
Keywords:
- asymmetric obstacles /
- bubble rise /
- gas-liquid two-phase flow /
- large density ratio
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Wang Y, Lin S Y, Mo R Y, Zhang X L 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 134304
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[5] 沈兰亭, 柴翔, 程旭 2020 核动力工程 41 194
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Shen L T, Chai X, Cheng X 2020 Nuclear Power Engineering 41 194
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[6] 朱前林, 李小春, 魏宁, 胡海翔 2012 岩土力学 33 913
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Wang B, Shen S Y, Ruan Y W, Chen S Y, Peng W J, Zhang J Y 2020 Acta Metall. Sin. 56 619
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[12] Davies R M, Taylor G 1950 Proc. R. Soc. London, Ser. A 200 375
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[13] Walters J K, Davidson J F 1963 J. Fluid Mech. 17 321
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Ai X P, Ni B Y 2017 Acta Phys. Sin. 66 234702
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[16] Rabha S S, Buwa V V 2010 Chem. Eng. Sci. 65 527
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图 1 Laplace定律验证
Figure 1. Laplace law verification.
图 2 物理模型
Figure 2. Physical model.
图 3 不同
$ Eo $ 数下的气泡形态 (a)$ Eo=5 $ ; (b)$ Eo=15 $ ; (c)$ Eo=20 $ Figure 3. Bubble shapes at different values of
$ Eo $ number: (a)$ Eo=5 $ ; (b)$ Eo=15 $ ; (c)$ Eo=20 $ .
图 4 不同
$ Eo $ 数下气泡的上升速度Figure 4. Bubble velocity at different values of
$ Eo $ number.
图 5 不同
$ Eo $ 数下气泡的剩余质量比和通过时间Figure 5. Rate of residual mass and passing time of bubble at different values of
$ Eo $ number.
图 6 黏度比
$ M=0.1000 $ 时的速度变化Figure 6. Bubble velocity at the viscosity ratio
$ M=0.1000 $ .
图 7 不同黏度比下气泡的速度
Figure 7. Bubble velocity at different values of viscosity ratio.
图 8 不同黏度比下气泡的剩余质量比和通过时间
Figure 8. Rate of residual mass and passing time of bubble at different values of viscosity ratio.
图 9 不同障碍物纵向距离下气泡的剩余质量比和通过时间
Figure 9. Rate of residual mass and passing time of bubble at different vertical distances between the obstacles.
图 10 不同障碍物纵向距离在同一时刻下气泡穿过障碍物后的形态
Figure 10. Bubble shape after passing through obstacles under different vertical distances between the obstacles at the same time.
图 11 不同障碍物纵向距离下气泡的速度
Figure 11. Velocity of bubble at different vertical distances between the obstacles.
图 12 障碍物横向距离
$x_1^*{\text{ = }}0$ 时气泡的速度(Case A)Figure 12. Velocity of bubble at the horizontal distance
$x_1^*{\text{ = }}0$ (Case A).
图 13 不同障碍物横向距离下气泡的速度变化(Case A)
Figure 13. Velocity of bubble at different horizontal distances between the obstacles (Case A).
图 14 不同障碍物横向距离下气泡即将脱离障碍物时的形态(Case A)
Figure 14. Bubble shape of leaving obstacles at different horizontal distances between the obstacles (Case A).
图 15 不同障碍物横向距离下气泡的剩余质量比和通过时间(Case A)
Figure 15. Rate of residual mass and passing time of bubble at different horizontal distances between the obstacles (Case A).
图 16 障碍物横向距离
$x_1^*{\text{ = }}0$ 时气泡的速度(Case B)Figure 16. Velocity of bubble at the horizontal distance
$x_1^*{\text{ = }}0$ (Case B).
图 17 Case A和Case B的气泡通过时间对比
Figure 17. Comparison of the passing time of the bubble between the Case A and Case B.
图 18 Case A和Case B的剩余质量比对比
Figure 18. Comparison of the rate of residual mass between the Case A and Case B.
图 19 右边障碍物宽度对气泡通过时间和剩余质量比的影响
Figure 19. Influence of the width of the right obstacle on the rate of residual mass and the passing time of the bubble.
图 20 右侧障碍物宽度不同时气泡与障碍物分离时的形态
Figure 20. Shape of bubble departing from the obstacle with different widths of the right obstacle.
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[1] 张文彬, 廖龙光, 于同旭, 纪爱玲 2013 物理学报 62 196102
Google Scholar
Zhang W B, Liao L G, Yu T X, Ji A L 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 196102
Google Scholar
[2] 王勇, 林书玉, 莫润阳, 张小丽 2013 物理学报 62 134304
Google Scholar
Wang Y, Lin S Y, Mo R Y, Zhang X L 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 134304
Google Scholar
[3] Su C J, Chou J M, Liu S H, Chiang C H 2010 Mater. Trans. 51 1594
Google Scholar
[4] 李涛, 魏列江, 张吉智, 梁汝健, 张振华 2021 液压与气动 45 49
Google Scholar
Li T, Wei L J, Zhang J Z, Liang R J, Zhang Z H 2021 Chin. Hydrau. Pneumatics 45 49
Google Scholar
[5] 沈兰亭, 柴翔, 程旭 2020 核动力工程 41 194
Google Scholar
Shen L T, Chai X, Cheng X 2020 Nuclear Power Engineering 41 194
Google Scholar
[6] 朱前林, 李小春, 魏宁, 胡海翔 2012 岩土力学 33 913
Google Scholar
Zhu Q L, Li X C, Wei N, Hu H X 2012 Rock and Soil Mechanics 33 913
Google Scholar
[7] 陈福振, 强洪夫, 高巍然 2014 物理学报 63 230206
Google Scholar
Chen F Z, Qiang H F, Gao W R 2014 Acta Phys. Sin. 63 230206
Google Scholar
[8] 容亮湾, 詹杰民 2010 物理学报 59 5572
Google Scholar
Rong L W, Zhan J M 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 5572
Google Scholar
[9] 何健烽, 章渊昶, 朱菊香, 姚克俭 2010 化工进展 29 831
Google Scholar
He J F, Zhang Y C, Zhu J X, Yao K J 2010 Chem. Ind. Eng. Prog. 29 831
Google Scholar
[10] 王波, 沈诗怡, 阮琰炜, 程淑影, 彭望君, 张捷宇 2020 金属学报 56 619
Google Scholar
Wang B, Shen S Y, Ruan Y W, Chen S Y, Peng W J, Zhang J Y 2020 Acta Metall. Sin. 56 619
Google Scholar
[11] Wang Z, Yu Y 2015 Energy 89 259
Google Scholar
[12] Davies R M, Taylor G 1950 Proc. R. Soc. London, Ser. A 200 375
Google Scholar
[13] Walters J K, Davidson J F 1963 J. Fluid Mech. 17 321
[14] Unverdi S O, Tryggvason G 1992 J. Comput. Phys. 100 25
Google Scholar
[15] 艾旭鹏, 倪宝玉 2017 物理学报 66 234702
Google Scholar
Ai X P, Ni B Y 2017 Acta Phys. Sin. 66 234702
Google Scholar
[16] Rabha S S, Buwa V V 2010 Chem. Eng. Sci. 65 527
Google Scholar
[17] Moran H R, Magnini M, Markides C N, Matar O K 2021 Int. J. Multiphase Flow 135 103468
Google Scholar
[18] Chakraborty I, Biswas G, Ghoshdastidar P S 2013 Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 58 240
Google Scholar
[19] Anwar S 2013 Comput. Fluids 88 430
Google Scholar
[20] Alizadeh M, Seyyedi S M, Rahni M T, Ganji D D 2017 J. Mol. Liq. 236 151
Google Scholar
[21] 娄钦, 李涛, 杨茉 2018 物理学报 67 234701
Google Scholar
Lou Q, Li T, Yang M 2018 Acta Phys. Sin. 67 234701
Google Scholar
[22] Lou Q, Li T, Yang M 2019 J. Appl. Phys. 126 034301
Google Scholar
[23] Yi J, Xing H 2017 Chem. Eng. Sci. 161 57
Google Scholar
[24] Sattari E, Zanous S P, Farhadi M, Mohamad A 2020 J. Power Sources 454 227929
Google Scholar
[25] Yu K, Yong Y, Yang C 2020 Processes 8 1608
Google Scholar
[26] Liang H, Xu J, Chen J, Wang H, Shi B 2018 Phys. Rev. E 97 033309
Google Scholar
[27] Zhu C S, Ma F L, Lei P, Han D, Feng L 2021 Chin. J. Phys. 71 385
Google Scholar
[28] Sun Y, Beckermann C 2007 J. Comput. Phys. 220 626
Google Scholar
[29] Chiu P H, Lin Y T 2011 J. Comput. Phys. 230 185
Google Scholar
[30] Guo Z L, Zheng C G, Shi B C 2002 Phys. Rev. E 65 046308
Google Scholar
[31] Wei Y, Wang Z, Yang J, Dou H S, Qian Y 2015 Comput. Fluids 118 167
Google Scholar
[32] Ren F, Song B, Sukop M C, Hu H 2016 Phys. Rev. E 94 023311
Google Scholar
[33] Guo Z, Zheng C, Shi B 2011 Phys. Rev. E 83 036707
Google Scholar
[34] 陈海楠, 孙东科, 戴挺, 朱鸣芳 2013 物理学报 62 120502
Google Scholar
Chen H N, Sun D K, Dai T, Zhu M F 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 120502
Google Scholar
[35] Ladd A J C 1994 J. Fluid Mech. 271 285
Google Scholar
[36] Ladd A J C 1994 J. Fluid Mech. 271 311
Google Scholar
[37] Yuan P, Schaefer L 2006 Phys. Fluids 18 042101
Google Scholar
[38] Chen S, Wang Z, Shan X, Goolen G D 1992 J. Stat. Phys. 68 379
Google Scholar
[39] Ohta M, Sussman M 2012 Phys. Fluids 24 112101
Google Scholar
[40] Hua J, Lou J 2007 J. Comput. Phys. 222 769
Google Scholar
[41] Amaya-Bower L, Lee T 2010 Comput. Fluids 39 1191
Google Scholar
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