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Fourier ptychography for high-resolution imaging has been a revolutionizing technical, since it can provide abundant information about target scene by changing illumination or pupil scanning. However, many objects are covered by dynamic scattering media, such as biological tissues and mist, that disrupts the light paths and forms the scattering wall, let alone high-resolution imaging. It is worth noting that the scatting effect caused by the scattering media will reduce the correlation of scattered light field, which makes the information aliasing difficult to extract. The situation becomes worse if the image scene is in color. Typically, the wavefront shaping, optical transmission matrix, and speckle correlation technique can successfully recover hidden targets form the scattered light field. Notably, the physical model of conventional method is limited by the difficultly in extracting target information from the strong scattering environment, especially in broadband light illumination imaging. Thus, it is limited to achieve super-resolution color imaging through scattering media by utilizing the current techniques. In this work, we present a computational polarized colorful Fourier ptychography imaging approach for super-resolution perspective in broadband dynamic scattering media. In order to address the challenge of current imaging methods that is limited by the width of the light spectrum, the polarization characteristics of the scattered-light-field are explored. After retrieving a series of sub-polarized images, which bring the information about different frequencies caused by the motion of scattering media and are processed by the common-mode rejection of polarization characteristic, our computational approach utilizes the iterative optimization algorithm to recover the scene. Notably, owning to the difference between the target scattering information and background scattering information of scattered light fields with different polarization rotation angles, we can obtain two images in which the target information and the background information are dominant in the scattered field. Afterwards, a series of images containing target information and background information is used to iterate the Fourier ptychographyprogram to update the target image based on the obtained image sequence until the estimation converges. During the updating procedure, the scattering effect can be removed, and the spatial-resolution is improved. Compared with traditional scattering imaging model, the proposed method can perform super-resolution color imaging and descattering under various conditions, and solve the problem of color cases. Furthermore, the proposed method is easy to incorporate into a traditional Fourier Ptychography imaging system to obtain high-fidelity images with better quality and effective detail information. Therefore, the proposed method has the potential to help super-resolution imaging to obtain more practical applications. -
Keywords:
- scattering /
- polarization imaging /
- super-resolution imaging /
- Fourier ptychography /
- computational imaging
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图 1 透过散射介质超分辨率彩色成像原理图
Figure 1. Schematic of super-resolution color imaging through scattering media.
图 2 不同偏振方位角图像的均值强度分布
Figure 2. Mean intensity variation of different sub-polarized images.
图 3 散射光场偏振特性分布情况 (a) 偏振度图像; (b) 偏振角图像; (c)—(e) RGB三通道的偏振度图像; (f)—(h) RGB三通道的偏振角图像; (i) RGB三通道的偏振角图像子区域的数值分析
Figure 3. Distribution of polarization characteristics of scattering light field: (a) DoLP images; (b) AoP images; (c)–(e) DoLP images in RGB channel; (f)–(h) AoP images in RGB channel; (i) numerical analysis for sub regions of AoP images in RGB channel.
图 4 偏振傅里叶叠层重建算法流程
Figure 4. Flow chart of the polarization Fourier Ptychography imaging.
图 5 分辨率靶标的实验结果 (a) 探测器获取的原始强度图像; (b) 本文算法重建所得结果; (c) 原始强度图像的局部放大; (d) 本文重建结果的局部放大; (e) 传统偏振去散射算法重建结果; (f) 传统偏振去散射重建结果的局部放大
Figure 5. Imaging result of USAF target: (a) Raw intensity image; (b) the reconstructed resulted by proposed method; (c) the details information of the raw image (a); (d) the details information of the image (b); (e) the reconstructed resulted by the traditional polarimetric dehazing method; (f) the details information of the image (e)
图 6 (a) 目标靶板的真值图像; (b) 图5所示的1组6的分辨率线对像素强度值分布图; (c), (d)和(e)分别为图6(a)、图5(a)和图5(b)的R, G, B三通道像素强度统计值
Figure 6. (a) Ground truth image; (b) the horizontal line plots at the resolution line pair of group 1, element 6; (c), (d) and (e) are the pixel intensity distribution of channel R, G and B of Fig. 6(a), Fig. 5(a) and Fig. 5(b).
图 7 其他目标的重建结果: 纸质、塑料、病叶和编织布, 其中(a)—(c), (d)—(f), (g)—(i), (j)—(l)分别为不同目标的参考图像、直接采集原始强度图像和重建结果; (a1)—(l1), (a2)—(f2)分别为不同目标图像对应区域的细节信息对比结果
Figure 7. Reconstruction images of different objects (paper, plastic, diseased leaves and woven fabric) using the proposed method: (a)–(c), (d)–(f), (g)–(i), (j)–(l) The ground truth image, raw intensity image and reconstructed image; (a1)–(l1), (a2)–(f2) the detail information of area 1–6 in images.
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[1] Dong Y, Liu S, Shen Y, He H, Ma H 2020 Biomed. Opt. Express 11 4960
Google Scholar
[2] Chen H, Wu X, Liu G, Chen Z, Pu J 2023 Results Phys. 44 106134
Google Scholar
[3] 苏云, 葛婧菁, 王业超, 王乐然, 王钰, 郑子熙, 邵晓鹏 2023 中国光学 16 258
Google Scholar
Su Y, Ge J J, Wang Y C, Wang L R, Wang Y, Zheng Z X, Shao X P 2023 Chin. Opt. 16 258
Google Scholar
[4] 邓红艳, 苏云, 郑国宪, 赵明, 张月, 田芷铭 2023 光子学报 52 0552219
Google Scholar
Deng H Y, Su Y, Zheng G X, Zhao M, Zhang Y, Tian Z M 2023 Acta Photonica Sin. 52 0552219
Google Scholar
[5] Bian Y, Li H, Wang Y, Zheng Z, Liu X 2015 Appl. Opt. 54 8241
Google Scholar
[6] Li L, Pan A, Li C, Zhao H 2023 Opt. Commun. 537 129393
Google Scholar
[7] 潘安 2020 博士学位论文 (西安: 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所)
Pan A 2020 Ph. D. Dissertation (Xi’an: Xi’an Institute of Optics & Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
[8] Zheng G, Horstmeyer R, Yang C 2013 Nat. Photonics 7 739
Google Scholar
[9] Ou X, Horstmeyer R, Yang C, Zheng G 2013 Opt. Lett. 38 4845
Google Scholar
[10] Wang M Q, Zhang Y Z, Chen Q, Sun J S, Fan Y, Zuo C 2017 Opt. Commun. 405 406
Google Scholar
[11] Pan A, Zhang Y, Wen K, Zhou M, Min J, Lei M, Yao B 2018 Opt. Express 26 23119
Google Scholar
[12] Tian Z, Zhao M, Yang D, Wang S, Pan A 2023 Photonics Res. 11 2072
Google Scholar
[13] Holloway J, Wu Y, Sharma M K, Cossairt O, Veeraraghavan A 2017 Sci. adv. 3 e1602564
Google Scholar
[14] Xiang M, Pan A, Zhao Y, Fan X, Zhao H, Li C, Yao B 2021 Opt. Lett. 46 29
Google Scholar
[15] Dong S, Nanda P, Shiradkar R, Guo K, Zheng G 2014 Opt. Express 22 20856
Google Scholar
[16] Jiang S, Liao J, Bian Z, Song P, Soler G, Hoshino K, Zheng G 2019 Opt. Lett. 44 811
Google Scholar
[17] Liu Q, Chen Y, Liu W, Han Y, Cao R, Zhang Z, Kuang C, Liu X 2019 Opt. Lasers Eng. 123 45
Google Scholar
[18] Xie Z L, Qi B, Ma H T, Ren G, Tan Y F, He B, Zeng H L, Jiang C 2016 Chin. Phys. Lett. 33 044206
Google Scholar
[19] Bertolotti J, van Putten E G, Blum C, Lagendijk A, Vos W L, Mosk A P 2015 Conference on Adaptive Optics and Wavefront Control for Biological Systems San Francisco, California, United States , February 7−9, 2015 p93350W
[20] Zhu L, Soldevila F, Moretti C, d’Arco A, Boniface A, Shao X, De Aguiar H B, Gigan S 2022 Nat. Commun. 13 1447
Google Scholar
[21] Gao Y T, Chen J R, Wang A Y, Pan A, Ma C W, Yao B L 2021 Sci. China-Phys. Mech. Astron. 64 114211
Google Scholar
[22] Bian Y X, Xing T, Deng W J, Xian Q, Qiao H L, Yu Q, Peng J L, Yang X F, Jiang Y N, Wang J X, Yang S M, Shen R B, Shen H, Kuang C F 2022 Infrared Laser Eng. 51 20210891
Google Scholar
[23] Hu H, Jin H, Liu H, Li X, Cheng Z, Liu T, Zhai J 2023 Opt. Laser Technol. 166 109632
Google Scholar
[24] Schechner Y Y, Karpel N 2006 IEEE J. Oceanic Eng. 30 570
Google Scholar
[25] Han P, Liu F, Yang K, Ma J, Li J, Shao X 2017 Appl. Opt. 56 6631
Google Scholar
[26] Andreoli D, Volpe G, Popoff S, Katz O, Grésillon S, Gigan S 2015 Sci. Rep. 5 10347
Google Scholar
[27] Tao H C, Lü J G, Liang J Q, Zhao B X, Chen Y P, Zheng K F, Zhao Y Z, Wang W B, Qin Y X, Liu G H, Sheng K Y 2023 Photonics 10 566
Google Scholar
[28] Tyo J S 1998 J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 15 359
Google Scholar
[29] Yang L, Liang J, Zhang W, Ju H, Ren L, Shao X 2019 Opt. Commun. 438 96
Google Scholar
[30] Luo M R, Cui G, Rigg B 2001 Color Res. Appl. 26 340
Google Scholar
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