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A batch of TiO2 films with different Zn2+ compositions were prepared on a single crystal silicon substrate using sol-gel method to observe the changes in optical and photocatalytic properties during the alloying process of Zn2+ and TiO2. XRD was used to observe the changes in the crystal structure of the films during the alloying process and to track the formation of ZnTiO3 compounds. SEM and AFM were used to observe the phenomenon of large number of holes on the surface of the films due to the limited solubility of the crystal lattice for Zn2+ during the alloying process. XPS and optical bandgap were used to observe the changes at the level of the electronic structure of the films during the alloying process of Zn2+ with TiO2. Finally, by degrading the MB solution, it is shown that a small amount of Zn2+ doping is completely dissolved in TiO2 and destroys the TiO2 crystalline quality. As the compositional share of Zn2+ continues to increase to 15%, the limited solubility of TiO2 for Zn2+ is verified in the XPS peak fitting, resulting in a large number of hole structures in the film, and the active specific surface area of the film is enhanced, while Zn2+ effectively traps the photogenerated e-/h+. In order to continue to observe the effect of Zn2+ concentration on TiO2, we increased the concentration of Zn2+ to 40% and observed the phenomenon during the alloying process of Zn2+ with TiO2. It is shown that the appearance of the compound ZnTiO3 can act as a complex centre for e-/h+ as well as a significant decrease in the percentage of TiO2 leads to a gradual decrease in the photocatalytic efficiency of the films after alloying.
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Keywords:
- TiO2 /
- Zn2+ /
- photocatalysis /
- bandgap /
- surface
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