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In order to effectively depict the evacuation process in three-dimensional space, combining with the ladder factors, a novel three-dimensional cellular automata model is proposed. Based on the position attraction and collision possibility, the model presents a formula for calculating the transition probability, and expounds the evacuation strategy through defining the cellular evolutionary process. Meanwhile, experiments are conducted using the simulation platform to study the relationships between evacuation time, exit flow rate, exit width, original pedestrian density and system average velocity. The results show that evacuation time and exit flow rate have a positive correlation with original pedestrian density, and a negative correlation with exit width; in addition, concerning the optimum evacuation time, there exists a desirable threshold value for system average velocity and exit width.
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Keywords:
- pedestrian /
- evacuation /
- three-dimensional cellular automata /
- collision
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[19] Tanimoto J, Hagishima A, Tanaka Y 2010 Physica A 389 5611
[20] Yue H, Shao C F, Guang H Z, Duan L M 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 4499 (in Chinese) [岳昊, 邵春福, 关宏志, 段龙梅 2010 物理学报 59 4499]
[21] Takashi N, Ryoichi N 2004 Physica A 341 638
[22] Varas A, Cornejo M D, Mainemer D, Toledo B, Rogana J, Munñoz V, Valdivia J A 2007 Physica A 382 631
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[1] Zhu N, Jia B, Shao C F, Yue H 2012 Chin. Phys. B 21 050501
[2] Guo R Y, Guo X 2012 Chin. Phys. B 21 018901
[3] Qiu B, Tan H L, Kong L J, Liu M R 2004 Chin. Phys. 13 990
[4] Yue H, Zhang X, Chen G, Shao C F 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 130509 (in Chinese) [岳昊, 张旭, 陈刚, 邵春福 2012 物理学报 61 130509]
[5] Xie J J, Xue Y 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 194502 (in Chinese) [谢积鉴, 薛郁 2012 物理学报 61 194502]
[6] Zhou J W, Kuang H, Liu M R, Kong L J 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 3001 (in Chinese) [周金旺, 邝华, 刘慕仁, 孔令江 2009 物理学报 58 3001]
[7] Helbing D, Schweitzer F, Keltsch J, Molnar P 1997 Phys. Rev. E 56 2527
[8] Yusuke T, Kouhei T, Takashi N 2001 Physica A 294 257
[9] Yusuke T, Takashi N 2002 Physica A 303 239
[10] Yusuke T, Takashi N 2001 Physica A 292 545
[11] Song W G, Yu Y F, Fan W C, Zhang H P 2005 Sci. China E 35 725 (in Chinese) [宋卫国, 于彦飞, 范维澄, 张和平 2005 中国科学 E 35 725]
[12] Kirchner A, Schadschneider A 2002 Physica A 312 260
[13] Kirchner A, Nishinari K, Schadschneider A 2003 Phys. Rev. E 67 056112
[14] Chen L, Guo R Y, Ta N 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 050506 (in Chinese) [陈亮, 郭仁拥, 塔娜 2013 物理学报 62 050506]
[15] Yong G, Huang H J, Xu Y 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 010506 (in Chinese) [永贵, 黄海军, 许岩 2013 物理学报 62 010506]
[16] Helbing D, Farkas I, Vicsek T 2000 Nature 407 487
[17] Xie D F, Gao Z Y, Zhao X M, Wang D Z 2012 Physica A 391 2390
[18] Yang L Z, Fang W F, Huang R, Deng Z H 2002 Chi. Sci. Bull. 47 896 (in Chinese) [杨立中, 方伟峰, 黄锐, 邓志华 2002 科学通报 47 896]
[19] Tanimoto J, Hagishima A, Tanaka Y 2010 Physica A 389 5611
[20] Yue H, Shao C F, Guang H Z, Duan L M 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 4499 (in Chinese) [岳昊, 邵春福, 关宏志, 段龙梅 2010 物理学报 59 4499]
[21] Takashi N, Ryoichi N 2004 Physica A 341 638
[22] Varas A, Cornejo M D, Mainemer D, Toledo B, Rogana J, Munñoz V, Valdivia J A 2007 Physica A 382 631
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