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兼具高功率密度与高能量密度的电介质玻璃陶瓷材料在脉冲功率器件的轻量化、小型化与集成化方面具有重要的应用前景。本研究采用高温熔融、快速冷却结合析晶工艺，成功制备了不同摩尔浓度稀土Dy3+掺杂的BaO-Na2O-Nb2O5基玻璃陶瓷，并系统探究了Dy3+掺杂对玻璃陶瓷微观结构、结晶行为及介电储能性能的影响。结果表明，Dy3+掺杂对基体玻璃陶瓷的相结构无明显影响，但适量掺杂可促进钨青铜结构Ba2NaNb5O15陶瓷相的析出，同时提高玻璃陶瓷的结晶度，进而提升其介电常数。此外，Dy3+掺杂能够有效抑制晶粒生长，增强玻璃陶瓷的耐击穿场强。当Dy3+掺杂浓度为4 mol%时，玻璃陶瓷表现出优异的介电储能性能：介电常数达97，击穿场强提升至1485 kV/cm，储能密度高达8.01 J/cm3，是未掺杂玻璃陶瓷储能性能的1.87倍。本研究为优化玻璃陶瓷材料的介电储能性能提供了重要的实验依据和技术参考，对推动高性能脉冲功率器件的发展具有重要意义。
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关键词:
- BaO-Na2O-Nb2O5-SiO2-Al2O3-B2O3-ZrO2 /
- 储能性能 /
- 玻璃陶瓷 /
- 介电性能 /
- 稀土离子Dy3+掺杂
Dielectric glass ceramics that combine high power density and high energy density have important application value in achieving lightweight, miniaturization, and integration of pulse power devices. Compared to dielectric ceramics and polymers, dielectric glass-ceramics are composites consisting of a ceramic phase dispersed within a glass phase. Through the processes of high-temperature melting, rapid cooling, and specific-temperature crystallization, the ceramic phase becomes uniformly distributed within the dense glass matrix. This results in a composite structure characterized by low porosity, uniform grain size, and high density. Owing to the introduction of the high-dielectric-constant ceramic phase, the glass-ceramics exhibit excellent dielectric response. Furthermore, the pore-free, continuous, and highly insulating glass matrix effectively enhances the overall breakdown resistance of the material. Different molar concentrations of rare earth Dy3+ doped BaO-Na2O-Nb2O5 based glass ceramics were prepared using high-temperature melting combined with temperature-controlled crystallization process. Raw materials of glass ceramics were weighed according to the stoichiometric ratio and homogeneously mixed using a ball mill. The thoroughly mixed raw materials were placed in a high-temperature glass furnace and melted at 1550 ℃ for 2.5 hours to ensure complete fusion. The melt was then rapidly cast into a preheated metal mold to obtain bulk glasses. These glasses were annealed at 650 ℃ for 3 hours to relieve residual stresses. Subsequently, the transparent bulk glass blocks were cut into thin slices. Finally, these slices were heat-treated at 1100 ℃ for 3 hours. Upon cooling, Dy3+ doped BaO-Na2O-Nb2O5-based glass-ceramics with varying molar concentrations of the rare-earth ion were obtained. The effects of different molar concentrations of rare earth Dy3+ doping on the microstructure, crystallization behavior, and dielectric energy storage performance of BaO-Na2O-Nb2O5 based glass ceramics were systematically studied. The test results show that rare earth Dy3+ doping has almost no effect on the phase structure of BaO-Na2O-Nb2O5 based glass ceramics. Moderate rare earth Dy3+ doping can effectively promote the precipitation of Ba2NaNb5O15 ceramic phase in tungsten bronze structure, while improving the crystallinity of glass ceramics and increasing the dielectric constant of glass ceramics. In addition, rare earth Dy3+ doping also has the effect of inhibiting the growth of glass ceramic grains, which can improve the breakdown strength of BaO-Na2O-Nb2O5 based glass ceramics. When the rare earth Dy3+ doping molar concentration is 4 mol%, the dielectric constant of BaO-Na2O-Nb2O5 based glass ceramic is 97, the breakdown strength reaches 1485kV/cm, and the highest energy storage density reaches 8.01 J/cm3, which is 1.87 times that of undoped glass ceramics. This result provides experimental basis and technical reference for improving the performance of glass ceramic materials in the field of energy storage.-
Keywords:
- BaO-Na2O-Nb2O5-SiO2-Al2O3-B2O3-ZrO2 /
- Energy storage performance /
- glass ceramics /
- dielectric properties /
- rare earth ion Dy3+ doping
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