梯形截面硅基水平多槽纳米线定向耦合器全矢量分析

肖金标; 李文亮; 夏赛赛; 孙小菡

doi:10.7498/aps.61.124216

摘要

定向耦合器是构成各类光子器件的基础元件. 本文采用一种基于电场分量的全矢量有限元法, 分析由梯形截面硅基水平多槽纳米线构成的定向耦合器. 给出了准TE与准TM偶、奇模有效折射率、耦合长度及模场分布, 揭示了其模式的混合特性及模场分布特点. 分析结果表明, 准TE模与准TM模的耦合长度随波导间距的增大均呈指数增长, 其中准TE模的耦合长度对波导侧壁倾角的变化敏感, 而准TM模的耦合长度对槽厚及槽折射率的变化敏感. 恰当选择结构与材料参数, 可实现两偏振态下相同耦合长度, 定向耦合器在偏振无关条件下工作.

关键词:

Abstract

Directional couplers are basic components for forming various kinds of photonic devices. In this paper, a directional coupler composed of two horizontal multiple-slotted waveguide structures with slanted sidewalls is characterized by using a full-vectorial finite element method in terms of the electric fields. The effective indexes of the even and the odd modes and the corresponding coupling lengths, both in quasi-TE and quasi-TM modes, are presented, where the strongly-hybrid nature of the guided-mode is effectively demonstrated. The results show that the coupling lengths in quasi-TE and quasi-TM modes exponentially increase with the increase of the gap between the coupled waveguides, where the value in quasi-TE mode is more sensitive to the variation of the angle of the sidewall, while the value in quasi-TM mode is more sensitive to variation of the height and the index of the slot. Properly choosing the structure and material parameters, polarization-independent directional couplers can be realized.

Keywords:

作者及机构信息

1.
东南大学电子科学与工程学院, 南京 210096

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(批准号: 60978005)资助的课题.

Authors and contacts

1.
Department of Electronic Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China

Funds: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 60978005).

参考文献

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[2]	Xu H H, Huang Q Z, Li Y T, Yu Y D, Yu J Z 2010 Chin. Phys. B 19 084210
[3]	Xu Q, Almeida V R, Panepucci R R, Lipson M 2004 Opt. Lett. 29 1626
[4]	Almeida V R, Xu Q, Barrios C A, Lipson M 2004 Opt. Lett. 29 1209
[5]	Feng N N, Michel J, Kimerling L C 2006 IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 42 885
[6]	Sun R, Dong P, Feng N N, Hong C Y, Michel J, Lipson M, Kimerling L 2007 Opt. Express 15 17967
[7]	Xiao J B, Liu X, Sun X H 2008 Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 47 3748
[8]	Guider R, Daldosso N, Pitanti A, Jordana E, Fedeli J M, Pavesi L 2009 Opt. Express 17 20762
[9]	Baehr-Jones T, Hochberg M, Wang G, Lawson R, Liao Y, Sullivan P A, Dalton L, Jen A K Y, Scherer A 2005 Opt. Express 13 5216
[10]	Figi H, Bale D H, Szep A, Dalton L R, Chen A 2011 J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 28 2291
[11]	Fujisawa T, koshiba M 2006 IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 18 1246
[12]	Fujisawa T, Koshiba M 2006 Opt.Lett. 31 56
[13]	Xiao J B, Liu X, Sun X H 2008 Appl. Opt. 47 2687
[14]	Xiao J B, Liu X, Sun X H 2007 Opt. Express 15 8300
[15]	Barrios C A, Gylfason K B, Sanchez B, Griol A, Sohlstrom H, Holgado M, Casquel R 2007 Opt. Lett. 32 3080
[16]	Claes T, Molera J G, Vos K D, Schacht E, Baets R 2009 IEEE Photon. J. 1 197
[17]	Kargar A, Chao C 2011 J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 28 596
[18]	Koshiba M, Maruyama M S, Hirayama K 1994 J. Lightwave Technol. 12 495
[19]	Li D U, Chang H C 2000 IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 36 1251
[20]	Lusse P P, Stuwe P, Schule J, Unger H G J. Lightwave Technol. 12 487
[21]	Xiao J B, Sun X H, Zhang M D 2006 Chin. Phys. 15 143
[22]	Sacks Z S, Kingsland D M, Lee R, Lee J F 1995 IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat. 43 1460
[23]	Jin J 2002 The Finite Element Method in Electromagnetics 2nd ed. (New York: John Wiley & Sons) p22

施引文献

[1]	Paniccia M 2010 Nature Photon. 4 498
[2]	Xu H H, Huang Q Z, Li Y T, Yu Y D, Yu J Z 2010 Chin. Phys. B 19 084210
[3]	Xu Q, Almeida V R, Panepucci R R, Lipson M 2004 Opt. Lett. 29 1626
[4]	Almeida V R, Xu Q, Barrios C A, Lipson M 2004 Opt. Lett. 29 1209
[5]	Feng N N, Michel J, Kimerling L C 2006 IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 42 885
[6]	Sun R, Dong P, Feng N N, Hong C Y, Michel J, Lipson M, Kimerling L 2007 Opt. Express 15 17967
[7]	Xiao J B, Liu X, Sun X H 2008 Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 47 3748
[8]	Guider R, Daldosso N, Pitanti A, Jordana E, Fedeli J M, Pavesi L 2009 Opt. Express 17 20762
[9]	Baehr-Jones T, Hochberg M, Wang G, Lawson R, Liao Y, Sullivan P A, Dalton L, Jen A K Y, Scherer A 2005 Opt. Express 13 5216
[10]	Figi H, Bale D H, Szep A, Dalton L R, Chen A 2011 J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 28 2291
[11]	Fujisawa T, koshiba M 2006 IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 18 1246
[12]	Fujisawa T, Koshiba M 2006 Opt.Lett. 31 56
[13]	Xiao J B, Liu X, Sun X H 2008 Appl. Opt. 47 2687
[14]	Xiao J B, Liu X, Sun X H 2007 Opt. Express 15 8300
[15]	Barrios C A, Gylfason K B, Sanchez B, Griol A, Sohlstrom H, Holgado M, Casquel R 2007 Opt. Lett. 32 3080
[16]	Claes T, Molera J G, Vos K D, Schacht E, Baets R 2009 IEEE Photon. J. 1 197
[17]	Kargar A, Chao C 2011 J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 28 596
[18]	Koshiba M, Maruyama M S, Hirayama K 1994 J. Lightwave Technol. 12 495
[19]	Li D U, Chang H C 2000 IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 36 1251
[20]	Lusse P P, Stuwe P, Schule J, Unger H G J. Lightwave Technol. 12 487
[21]	Xiao J B, Sun X H, Zhang M D 2006 Chin. Phys. 15 143
[22]	Sacks Z S, Kingsland D M, Lee R, Lee J F 1995 IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat. 43 1460
[23]	Jin J 2002 The Finite Element Method in Electromagnetics 2nd ed. (New York: John Wiley & Sons) p22

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