热智能材料及其在空间热控中的应用

曹炳阳; 张梓彤

doi:10.7498/aps.71.20211889

摘要

空间技术等高新领域对智能高效的热控制技术的需求日益提高, 而实现智能热控制技术的关键是要实现材料的热物性智能调控, 于是热导率可响应外场变化的热智能材料成为了研究的焦点. 本文梳理了热智能材料的最新研究进展, 从调控机理、调控幅度、应用价值等角度出发, 介绍了纳米颗粒悬浮液、相变材料、软物质材料、受电化学调控的层状材料和受特定外场调控的材料等不同种类热智能材料的研究现状, 以及以热智能材料为基础的智能热控部件在空间技术等领域的应用. 最后, 本文对热智能材料未来的研究方向进行了探讨.

关键词:

Abstract

Effective thermal control technologies are increasingly demanded in various application scenarios like spacecraft systems. Thermal conductivities of materials play a key role in thermal control systems, and one of the basic requirements for the materials is their reversibly tunable thermal properties. In this paper, we briefly review the recent research progress of the thermal smart materials in the respects of fundamental physical mechanisms, thermal switching ratio, and application value. We focus on the following typical thermal smart materials: nanoparticle suspensions, phase change materials, soft materials, layered materials tuned by electrochemistry, and materials tuned by specific external field. After surveying the fundamental mechanisms of thermal smart devices, we present their applications in spacecraft and other fields. Finally, we discuss the difficulties and challenges in studying the thermal smart materials, and also point out an outlook on their future development.

Keywords:

作者及机构信息

清华大学航天航空学院, 北京　100084

通信作者: 曹炳阳, caoby@tsinghua.edu.cn

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(批准号: 51825601, U20A20301)资助的课题.

Authors and contacts

School of Aerospace Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China

Corresponding author: Cao Bing-Yang, caoby@tsinghua.edu.cn

Funds: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51825601, U20A20301).

文章全文 : translate this paragraph

参考文献

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施引文献

图 1 开关式及连续调节式热智能材料示意图

Fig. 1. Skematic of switching and gradual thermal smart materials.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 不同热智能材料响应机理示意图　(a)纳米颗粒悬浮液; (b)相变材料; (c)层状材料; (d)软物质材料; (e)受电磁场调控的材料

Fig. 2. Skematic of physical mechanisms of thermal smart materials: (a) Nanoparticle suspensions; (b) phase change materials; (c) layered materials; (d) soft materials; (e) materials tuned by electric and magnetic field.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

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[2]	Moore A L, Shi L 2014 Mater. Today 17 163 Google Scholar
[3]	Zhu W, Deng Y, Wang Y, Shen S, Gulfam R 2016 Energy 100 91 Google Scholar
[4]	侯增棋, 胡金刚 2007 航天器热控制技术 (第 2 版) (北京: 中国科学技术出版社) 第1−11页 Hou Z Q, Hu J G 2007 Thermal Control Technology of Spacecraft (2nd Ed.) (Beijing: Science and technology of China press) pp1−11 (in Chinese)
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[6]	Geim A K 2009 Science 324 1530 Google Scholar
[7]	Kleinstreuer C, Feng Y 2011 Nanoscale Res. Lett. 6 229 Google Scholar
[8]	Pil Jang S, Choi S U S 2007 J Heat Trans. 129 617 Google Scholar
[9]	Xu Y, Wang X, Hao Q 2021 Compos. Commun. 24 100617 Google Scholar
[10]	Dong R Y, Cao B Y 2014 Sci. Rep. 4 6120 Google Scholar
[11]	Cao B Y, Dong R Y 2014 J. Chem. Phys. 140 034703 Google Scholar
[12]	董若宇, 曹鹏, 曹桂兴, 胡帼杰, 曹炳阳 2017 物理学报 66 014702 Google Scholar
[13]	Zhang Z T, Dong R Y, Qiao D S, Cao B Y 2020 Nanotechnology 31 465403 Google Scholar
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[54]	Deng S C, Yuan J L, Lin Y L, Yu X X, Ma D K, Huang Y W, Ji R C, Zhang G Z, Yang N 2021 Nano Energy 82 105749
[55]	Deng S, Ma D, Zhang G, Yang N 2021 J. Mater. Chem. A 9 24472 Google Scholar
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[57]	Yim W M, Amith A 1972 Solid-State Electron. 15 1141 Google Scholar
[58]	Yang F Y 1999 Science 284 1335 Google Scholar
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[60]	Ismail K, Nelson S F, Chu J O, Meyerson B S 1993 Appl. Phys. Lett. 63 660 Google Scholar
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[63]	Li X, Maute K, Dunn M L, Yang R 2010 Phys. Rev. B 81 245318 Google Scholar
[64]	Meng H, Ma D, Yu X, Zhang L, Sun Z, Yang N 2019 Int. J. Heat Mass Transf. 145 118719 Google Scholar
[65]	Meng H, Maruyama S, Xiang R, Yang N 2021 Int. J. Heat Mass Transf. 180 121773 Google Scholar
[66]	Wan X, Demir B, An M, Walsh T R, Yang N 2021 Int. J. Heat Mass Transf. 180 121821 Google Scholar
[67]	Li S H, Yu X X, Bao H, Yang N 2018 J. Phys. Chem. C 122 13140 Google Scholar
[68]	Yu D, Liao Y, Song Y, Wang S, Wan H, Zeng Y, Yin T, Yang W, He Z 2020 Adv. Sci. 7 2000177 Google Scholar
[69]	Du T, Xiong Z, Delgado L, Liao W, Peoples J, Kantharaj R, Chowdhury P R, Marconnet A, Ruan X 2021 Nat. Commun. 12 163 Google Scholar
[70]	Ma R, Zhang Z, Tong K, Huber D, Kornbluh R, Ju Y S, Pei Q 2017 Science 357 1130 Google Scholar
[71]	Smullin S J, Wang Y, Schwartz D E 2015 Appl. Phys. Lett. 107 093903 Google Scholar
[72]	McKay I S, Wang E N 2013 Energy 57 632 Google Scholar
[73]	Puga J B, Bordalo B D, Silva D J, Dias M M, Belo J H, Araújo J P, Oliveira J C R E, Pereira A M, Ventura J 2017 Nano Energy 31 278 Google Scholar
[74]	Yang N, Ni X X, Jiang J W, Li B W 2012 Appl. Phys. Lett. 100 093107 Google Scholar
[75]	Song Q C, An M, Chen X D, Peng Z, Zang J F, Yang N 2016 Nanoscale 8 14943 Google Scholar
[76]	Cao B Y, Qiao D S 2018 ZL201810298324.6
[77]	胡帼杰, 曹桂兴, 乔德山, 曹炳阳 2019 工程热物理学报 40 1380 Hu G J, Cao G X, Qiao D S, Cao B Y 2019 J. Eng. Thermophys. 40 1380

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