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光纤激光器在太空、反应堆、大型加速器等辐射环境中应用时，辐射与光纤的相互作用会给光纤参数带来较大变化，从而影响激光器的输出性能。本文对掺镱光纤激光器的伽马辐照响应特性开展了实验和仿真研究。实验对比了无源光纤、泵浦合束器、光纤光栅、增益光纤等不同光纤器件在辐照环境下的性能变化，通过对比分析明确了增益光纤是激光器系统中对辐射最为敏感的光纤器件。实验研究了泵浦方式、增益光纤长度对掺镱光纤激光器辐射响应特性的影响，并通过理论模拟对实验结果进行了分析验证；结果表明，后向泵浦方式和更短的增益光纤有助于降低光纤激光器系统的辐射敏感性。相关研究结果可为光纤激光器抗辐射优化设计提供技术参考，支撑激光器在辐射环境中的安全使用。Exploited in radiation environments, including space, nuclear reactors and large accelerators, fibers would experience significant parameter change induced by the interaction with radiation, including radiation induced attenuation, radiation induced refractive index change, radiation induced lifetime change and radiation induced luminescence, which would then result in severe performance degradation of the fiber laser system. Here, the response characteristics of Yb-doped fiber lasers to gamma-ray radiation are investigated through both experiments and simulations. The performance variation of various fiber components after gamma radiation, including passive fiber, pump combiner, fiber Bragg grating and active fiber, is studied and compared with an accumulated total dose up to 1000 Gy. And, experiments show that, in a fiber laser system, the active fiber is the most sensitive part to gamma radiation, while various passive fiber components show negligible response. Then, impacts of cavity configuration parameters, such as pump scheme and active fiber length, on the response of fiber lasers are explored through series of radiation experiments. It’s shown that, compared to forward pump, backward pump scheme helpful to improve the radiation-resistant capability of fiber lasers. And, lasers with relatively shorter active fiber show smaller power drop when operated in radiation situations. Besides, corresponding simulations are carried out with the previously developed multi-physics thermal model considering hundred-watt level Yb-doped fiber lasers, demonstrating consistent results with the experiments. This research should be instructive for the design optimization of fiber laser systems operated in radiation environments.
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