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Silicon-based photonic integrated chips recently have attracted great attention and actively intervened in many applications such as optical communications, optical interconnects, and optical sensing for relevant research institutions. Photonic integrated circuits are the key block to build information infrastructures. Among of them, grating couplers play an important role in silicon photonics, due to high efficient optical coupling on/off photonic chips. Also, they have many advantages in high density photonic packaging and on-wafer testing, such as large alignment tolerances and no requirements for wafer scribing or chip polishing. This review focuses on the principles and performances of grating couplers on silicon-on-insulator substrates. In this article, we also discuss the state-of-art and the trends in the near future, with a summary of our achievements over the last few years.
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Keywords:
- grating couplers /
- coupling efficiency /
- silicon-on-insulators /
- integrated optics
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[10] Roelkens G, Vermeulen D, van Laere F, Selvaraja S, Scheerlinck S, Taillaert D, Bogaerts W, Dumon P, van Thourhout D, Baets R 2010 J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. 10 1551
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[16] Li C, Zhang H J, Yu M B, Lo G 2013 Optical Fiber Communication Conference Anaheim, March 17, 2013
[17] Ura S, Murata S, Awatsuji Y, Kintaka K 2008 Opt. Express 16 12207
[18] Van Laere F, Kotlyar M V, Taillaert D, van Thourhout D, Krauss T F, Baets R 2007 IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 19 396
[19] Zhou L, Li Z Y, Hu Y T, Xiong K, Fan Z C, Han W H, Yu Y D, Yu J Z 2011 Chin. Phys. B 20 074212
[20] Yang J B, Zhou Z P, Jia H H, Zhang X A, Qin S Q 2011 Opt. Lett. 36 2614
[21] Mekis A, Gloeckner S, Masini G, Narasimha A, Pinguet T, Sahni S, De Dobbelaere P 2011 IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quant. 17 597
[22] Cheng Z, Chen X, Wong C, Xu K, Fung C K, Chen Y, Tsang H K 2012 Opt. Lett. 37 1217
[23] Cheng Z, Chen X, Wong C Y, Xu K, Ki T H 2012 Opt. Lett. 37 5181
[24] Zhu Y, Xu X J, Li Z Y, Zhou L, Han W H, Fan Z C, Yu Y D, Yu J Z 2010 Chin. Phys. B 19 5
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[1] Kobrinsky M J, Block B A, Zheng J F, Barnett B C, Mohanmed E, Reshotko M, Robertson F, List S, Young I, Cadien K 2004 Intel Technol. J. 8 129
[2] O’Connor I, Gaffiot F 2004 Ultra Low-Power Electronics and Design (New York: Springer) pp21-29
[3] Jalali B, Fathpour S 2006 J. Lightwave Technol. 24 4600
[4] Soref R 2006 IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quant. 12 1678
[5] Miller D A 1997 Int. J. Optoelectron. 11 155
[6] Bolten J, Hofrichter J, Moll N, Schöenberger S, Horst F, Offrein B J, Wahlbrink T, Mollenhauer T, Kurz H 2009 Microelectron. Eng. 86 1114
[7] Chen X, Li C, Tsang H K 2008 IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 20 1914
[8] van Laere F, Roelkens G, Ayre M, Schrauwen J, Taillaert D, van Thourhout D, Krauss T F, Baets R 2007 J. Lightwave Technol. 25 151
[9] Selvaraja S K, Vermeulen D, Schaekers M, Sleeckx E, Bogaerts W, Roelkens G, Dumon P, van Thourhout D, Baets R 2009 Lasers and Electro-Optics/International Quantum Electronics Conference Munich, June 2-4. 2009 p1
[10] Roelkens G, Vermeulen D, van Laere F, Selvaraja S, Scheerlinck S, Taillaert D, Bogaerts W, Dumon P, van Thourhout D, Baets R 2010 J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. 10 1551
[11] Anastasia N, Xiao X, Yang B, Chu T, Yu J Z, Yu Y D 2012 Chin. Phys. Lett. 19 114213
[12] Zhou L, Li Z Y, Zhu Y, Li Y T, Fan Z C, Han W H, Yu Y D, Yu J 2010 Chin. Phys. B 19 124214
[13] Taillaert D, Bienstman P, Baets R 2004 Opt. Lett. 29 2749
[14] Tang Y, Wang Z, Wosinski L, Westergren U, He S 2010 Opt. Lett. 35 1290
[15] Zhang C, Sun J H, Xiao X, Sun W M, Zhang X J, Chu T, Yu J Z, Yu Y D 2013 Chin. Phys. Lett. 30 014207
[16] Li C, Zhang H J, Yu M B, Lo G 2013 Optical Fiber Communication Conference Anaheim, March 17, 2013
[17] Ura S, Murata S, Awatsuji Y, Kintaka K 2008 Opt. Express 16 12207
[18] Van Laere F, Kotlyar M V, Taillaert D, van Thourhout D, Krauss T F, Baets R 2007 IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 19 396
[19] Zhou L, Li Z Y, Hu Y T, Xiong K, Fan Z C, Han W H, Yu Y D, Yu J Z 2011 Chin. Phys. B 20 074212
[20] Yang J B, Zhou Z P, Jia H H, Zhang X A, Qin S Q 2011 Opt. Lett. 36 2614
[21] Mekis A, Gloeckner S, Masini G, Narasimha A, Pinguet T, Sahni S, De Dobbelaere P 2011 IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quant. 17 597
[22] Cheng Z, Chen X, Wong C, Xu K, Fung C K, Chen Y, Tsang H K 2012 Opt. Lett. 37 1217
[23] Cheng Z, Chen X, Wong C Y, Xu K, Ki T H 2012 Opt. Lett. 37 5181
[24] Zhu Y, Xu X J, Li Z Y, Zhou L, Han W H, Fan Z C, Yu Y D, Yu J Z 2010 Chin. Phys. B 19 5
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