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In this paper, the boundary layer flow stability is investigated experimentally in a 7° half-angle straight cone under the condition of Mach number 6 and unit Reynolds number 3.1×106/m. Expanded shock wave generated by focusing laser in a limit space is used as the small artificial disturbance, and the influence of the laser-generated perturbation on the stability of the hypersonic boundary layer is analyzed. In the experiment, the wall fluctuation pressure is measured by the high-frequency pressure sensors whose response frequencies each reach a value on the order of megahertz. Through the short time Fourier transformation and power spectrum density analysis of the pressure data, the results show that when the laser-generated perturbation is added to the flow field, the position of the second mode wave advances and the amplitude of the disturbance wave greatly increases. Within the same flow range, the laser focusing on disturbance pushes the disturbance wave in the boundary layer from the linear development phase into the nonlinear development state. The laser-generated perturbation has a significant effect on the promotion of the development of disturbance waves in the boundary layer. At the same time, laser-generated perturbation that has different influences on the boundary layer when it focuses on different positions. When the laser focus disturbance focuses on the location X=100 mm, the amplitude of the disturbance wave with a frequency of 90 kHz in the boundary layer grows fastest, and the amplitude magnification at the position of X=500 mm is 3.81. When the laser perturbation is added to the free flow in front of the cone, the frequency of the disturbance wave with the fastest amplitude increase speed greatly decreases to 73 kHz. In the same range, the amplitude magnification is 4.51 times. It can be seen that when the laser focuses on the free stream upstream from the cone, its effect on the disturbance wave in the boundary layer is more significant.
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Keywords:
- hypersonic boundary layer /
- laser-generated perturbation /
- flow stability /
- second mode wave
[1] Morkovin M V, Reshotko E, Herbert T 1994 Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. 39 1882
[2] Mack L M 1975 AIAA J. 13 278
[3] Mack L M 1984 AGARD Rep. 709
[4] Malik M 1989 AIAA J. 27 1487
[5] Demetriades A 1974 7th Fluid and PlasmaDynamics Conference Palo Alto, CA, USA, June 17-19, 1974 p535
[6] Kendall J M 1974 12th Aerospace Sciences Meeting Washington, DC, USA, January 30-February 1, 1974 p133
[7] Stetson K, Kimmel R 1992 30th Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit Reno, NV, USA, January 6-9, 1992 p737
[8] Haddad O M, Corke T C 1998 J. Fluids Mech. 368 1
[9] Zhong X L, Ma Y B 2006 J. Fluids Mech. 556 55
[10] Wang X W, Zhong X L 2009 Phys. Fluids 21 044101
[11] Balakumar P, Kegerise M A 2015 AIAA J. 53 2097
[12] Balakumar P, Chou A 2018 AIAA J. 56 193
[13] Cao W, Zhou H 2004 Sci. China Ser. G 34 203 (in Chinese) [曹伟, 周恒 2008 中国科学 G 辑 34 203]
[14] Lu C G, Shen L Y 2016 Acta Phys. Sin. 65 194701 (in Chinese) [陆昌根, 沈露予 2016 物理学报 65 194701]
[15] Zhang Y D, Fu D X, Ma Y W 2008 Sci. China Ser. G 38 1246 (in Chinese) [张玉东, 傅德薰, 马延文, 李新亮 2008 中国科学 G 辑 38 1246]
[16] Kendall J M 1987 19th AIAA, Fluid Dynamics, Plasma Dynamics, and Lasers Conference Honolulu, HI, USA, June 8-10, 1987 p1257
[17] Kendall J M 1990 21st Fluid Dynamics, Plasma Dynamics and Lasers Conference Seattle, WA, USA, June 18-20, 1990 p504
[18] Maslov A A, Shiplyuk A N, Sidorenko A A, Arnal D 2001 J. Fluids Mech. 426 73
[19] Schmisseur J D, Schneider S P, Collicott S H 2002 Exp. Fluids 33 225
[20] Chou A, Balakumar P, Schneider S P 2017 AIAA J. 55 799
[21] Liu X L, Yi S H, Niu H B, Lu X G, Zhao X H 2018 Acta Phys. Sin. 67 174701 (in Chinese)[刘小林, 易仕和, 牛海波, 陆小革, 赵鑫海 2018 物理学报 67 174701]
[22] Chen F J, Malik M R, Beckwith I E 1989 AIAA J. 27 687
[23] Casper K M, Johnson H B, Schneider S P 2011 J. Spacecr. Rockets 48 406
[24] Schneider S P, Haven C E 1995 AIAA J. 33 688
[25] Bountin D, Shiplyuk A, Maslov A 2008 J. Fluids Mech. 611 427
[26] Cebeci T, Shao J P, Chen H H, Chang K C 2004 The Preferred Approach for Calculating Transition by Stability Theory (Toulouse: International Conference on Boundary and Interior Layers)
[27] Crouch J D, Kosorygin V S, Ng L L 2006 The Sixth IUTAM Symposium on Laminar-Turbulent Transition Bangalore India, December 13-17, 2004 p37
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[1] Morkovin M V, Reshotko E, Herbert T 1994 Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. 39 1882
[2] Mack L M 1975 AIAA J. 13 278
[3] Mack L M 1984 AGARD Rep. 709
[4] Malik M 1989 AIAA J. 27 1487
[5] Demetriades A 1974 7th Fluid and PlasmaDynamics Conference Palo Alto, CA, USA, June 17-19, 1974 p535
[6] Kendall J M 1974 12th Aerospace Sciences Meeting Washington, DC, USA, January 30-February 1, 1974 p133
[7] Stetson K, Kimmel R 1992 30th Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit Reno, NV, USA, January 6-9, 1992 p737
[8] Haddad O M, Corke T C 1998 J. Fluids Mech. 368 1
[9] Zhong X L, Ma Y B 2006 J. Fluids Mech. 556 55
[10] Wang X W, Zhong X L 2009 Phys. Fluids 21 044101
[11] Balakumar P, Kegerise M A 2015 AIAA J. 53 2097
[12] Balakumar P, Chou A 2018 AIAA J. 56 193
[13] Cao W, Zhou H 2004 Sci. China Ser. G 34 203 (in Chinese) [曹伟, 周恒 2008 中国科学 G 辑 34 203]
[14] Lu C G, Shen L Y 2016 Acta Phys. Sin. 65 194701 (in Chinese) [陆昌根, 沈露予 2016 物理学报 65 194701]
[15] Zhang Y D, Fu D X, Ma Y W 2008 Sci. China Ser. G 38 1246 (in Chinese) [张玉东, 傅德薰, 马延文, 李新亮 2008 中国科学 G 辑 38 1246]
[16] Kendall J M 1987 19th AIAA, Fluid Dynamics, Plasma Dynamics, and Lasers Conference Honolulu, HI, USA, June 8-10, 1987 p1257
[17] Kendall J M 1990 21st Fluid Dynamics, Plasma Dynamics and Lasers Conference Seattle, WA, USA, June 18-20, 1990 p504
[18] Maslov A A, Shiplyuk A N, Sidorenko A A, Arnal D 2001 J. Fluids Mech. 426 73
[19] Schmisseur J D, Schneider S P, Collicott S H 2002 Exp. Fluids 33 225
[20] Chou A, Balakumar P, Schneider S P 2017 AIAA J. 55 799
[21] Liu X L, Yi S H, Niu H B, Lu X G, Zhao X H 2018 Acta Phys. Sin. 67 174701 (in Chinese)[刘小林, 易仕和, 牛海波, 陆小革, 赵鑫海 2018 物理学报 67 174701]
[22] Chen F J, Malik M R, Beckwith I E 1989 AIAA J. 27 687
[23] Casper K M, Johnson H B, Schneider S P 2011 J. Spacecr. Rockets 48 406
[24] Schneider S P, Haven C E 1995 AIAA J. 33 688
[25] Bountin D, Shiplyuk A, Maslov A 2008 J. Fluids Mech. 611 427
[26] Cebeci T, Shao J P, Chen H H, Chang K C 2004 The Preferred Approach for Calculating Transition by Stability Theory (Toulouse: International Conference on Boundary and Interior Layers)
[27] Crouch J D, Kosorygin V S, Ng L L 2006 The Sixth IUTAM Symposium on Laminar-Turbulent Transition Bangalore India, December 13-17, 2004 p37
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