Preparation and properties of multi-effect potassium sodium niobate based transparent ferroelectric ceramics

Liu Yong; Xu Zhi-Jun; Fan Li-Qun; Yi Wen-Tao; Yan Chun-Yan; Ma Jie; Wang Kun-Peng

doi:10.7498/aps.69.20201317

Abstract

Traditional transparent materials, including glasses and polymers, are chemically unstable and mechanically weak. Single crystals of some inorganic materials are also optically transparent, which are more stable than glasses and polymers. The fabrication of crystals, however, is relatively slow. Fortunately, transparent ceramics emerge as a promising candidate. Transparent ferroelectric ceramic is a kind of transparent ceramic with electro-optic effect, which also has excellent characteristics of conventional ceramics with excellent mechanical properties, resistance to high temperature, resistance against corrosion, and high hardness. Lead based transparent ferroelectric ceramic dominates this field for many years due to its superior electro-optic effect. Owing to the high toxicity of lead oxide, however, its development is significantly hampered. Therefore, it is greatly urgent to develop the lead-free transparent ferroelectric ceramics with excellent properties to replace the traditional lead based ceramics. In this paper, (K_0.5Na_0.5)_0.94–3xLi_0.06La_xNb_0.95Ta_0.05O₃ (KNLTN-La_x; x = 0, 0.01, 0.015, 0.02) lead-free transparent ferroelectric materials are fabricated by the conventional solid state reaction method and ordinary sintering process. The dependence of microstructure, phase structure, optical transmittance and electrical properties of the ceramic on composition are systemically investigated. The transparent ferroelectric ceramic with relaxor-behavior is obtained at x = 0.02. The optical transmittance of the ceramic near infrared region is as high as 60%. Meanwhile, the electrical properties of the ceramic at x = 0.01 still maintains a relatively high level (d₃₃ = 110 pC/N, k_p = 0.267). In addition, the Curie temperature for each of all the samples is higher than 400 ℃. These results suggest that this material might be a novel and promising lead-free material that could be used in a large variety of electro-optical devices.

Keywords:

potassium sodium niobate /
lead-free transparent ferroelectric ceramics /
optical transmittance /
electrical properties

PACS:

64.60.ah	(Percolation)
62.20.mt	(Cracks)
64.60.aq	(Networks)
05.60.-k	(Transport processes)

Authors and contacts

1.
College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Zaozhuang University, Zaozhuang 277160, China
2.
School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
3.
Kirchhoff Institute of Physics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg 69120, Germany

Corresponding author: Liu Yong, liuyong2049@126.com

FullText HTML

References

[1]	兰国政 2008 化学工程与装备 1 46 Google Scholar Lan G Z 2008 Chem. Eng. Equip. 1 46 Google Scholar
[2]	许煜寰 1978 铁电与压电材料 (北京: 科学出版社) 第207页 Xu Y H 1978 Ferroelectric and Piezoelectric Materials (Beijing: Science Press) p207 (in Chinese)
[3]	Xiao Z H, Yu S J, Li Y M, Ruan S C, Kong L B, Huang Q, Huang Z G, Zhou K, Su H B, Yao Z J, Que W X, Liu Y, Zhang T S, Wang J, Liu P, Shen D Y, Allix M, Zhang J, Tang D Y 2020 Mater. Sci. Eng., R. 139 100518 Google Scholar
[4]	Zhu Q Q, Yang P F, Wang Z Y, Hu P C 2020 J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 40 2426 Google Scholar
[5]	Peng B, Shi Q W, Huang W X, Wang S S, Qi J Q, Lu T C 2018 Ceram. Int. 44 13674 Google Scholar
[6]	Terakado N, Yoshimine T, Kozawa R, Takahashi Y, Fujiwara T 2020 RSC Adv. 10 22352 Google Scholar
[7]	Haertling G H 1987 Ferroelectrics 75 25 Google Scholar
[8]	Feng Z H, Lin L, Wang Z Z, Zheng Z Q 2017 Opt. Commun. 399 40 Google Scholar
[9]	Chen Y J, Sun D Z, Zhu Y Y, Zeng X, Ling L, Qiu P S, He X Y 2020 Ceram. Int. 46 6738 Google Scholar
[10]	Zeng X, Xu C X, Xu L 2019 J. Lumin. 213 61 Google Scholar
[11]	Zhang H, Wang H, Gu H G, Zong X, Tu B T, Xu P Y, Wang B, Wang W M, Liu S Y, Fu Z Y 2018 J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 38 4057 Google Scholar
[12]	Wu X, Lu S B, Kwok K W 2017 J. Alloys Compd. 695 3573 Google Scholar
[13]	Lin C, Wang H J, Ma J Z, Deng B Y, Wu X, Lin T F, Zheng X H, Yu X 2020 J. Alloys Compd. 826 154249 Google Scholar
[14]	Yu S, Carloni D, Wu Y 2020 J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 103 4159 Google Scholar
[15]	Zhang M, Yang H B, Li D, Lin Y 2020 J. Alloys Compd. 829 154565 Google Scholar
[16]	Liu Y, Chu R Q, Xu Z J, Zhang Y J, Chen Q, Li G R 2011 Mater. Sci. Eng., B 176 1463 Google Scholar
[17]	Yang D, Yang Z Y, Zhang X S, Wei L L, Chao X L, Yang Z P 2017 J. Alloys Compd. 716 21 Google Scholar
[18]	李艳艳 2010 硕士学位论文 (南昌: 南昌航空大学) Li Y Y 2010 M.S. Thesis (Nanchang: Nanchang Hangkong University) (in Chinese)
[19]	Jian L, Wayman C M 1995 Acta Mater. 43 3893 Google Scholar
[20]	Guo Y P, Kakimoto K, Ohsato H 2004 Appl. Phys. Lett. 85 4121 Google Scholar
[21]	Zhang P, Zhao Y G 2015 Mater. Lett. 161 620 Google Scholar
[22]	杨振宇 2016 硕士学位论文 (西安: 陕西师范大学) Yang Z Y 2016 M.S. Thesis (Xi'an: Shaanxi Normal University) (in Chinese)
[23]	耿志明 2015 硕士学位论文 (常州: 常州大学) Geng Z M 2015 M. S. Thesis (Changzhou: Changzhou University) (in Chinese)
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[25]	郝继功 2010 硕士学位论文 (聊城: 聊城大学) Hao J G 2010 M.S. Thesis (Liaocheng: Liaocheng University) (in Chinese)
[26]	刘涛 2007 博士学位论文 (上海: 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所) Liu T 2007 Ph. D. Dissertation (Shanghai: Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences) (in Chinese)
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Cited By

期刊类型引用(9)

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4.	寻之朋，郝大鹏. 含复杂近邻的二维正方格子键渗流的蒙特卡罗模拟. 物理学报. 2022(06): 365-370 . 百度学术
5.	李滔，李骞，胡勇，彭先，冯曦，朱占美，赵梓寒. 不规则微裂缝网络定量表征及其对多孔介质渗流能力的影响. 石油勘探与开发. 2021(02): 368-378 . 百度学术
6.	LI Tao，LI Qian，HU Yong，PENG Xian，FENG Xi，ZHU Zhanmei，ZHAO Zihan. Quantitative characterization of irregular microfracture network and its effect on the permeability of porous media. Petroleum Exploration and Development. 2021(02): 430-441 . 必应学术
7.	董少群，王涛，曾联波，刘凯，梁锋，尹启航，曹东升. 地下空间逾渗与裂缝属性的关系分析. 地学前缘. 2019(03): 140-146 . 百度学术
8.	李乐. 开裂孔隙材料渗透率的细观力学模型研究. 力学学报. 2018(05): 1032-1040 . 百度学术
9.	钱鹏，徐千军. 基于单元嵌入技术和弹性比拟的含裂纹混凝土三维渗流模拟方法. 工程力学. 2017(04): 125-133 . 百度学术

其他类型引用(8)

图 1 KNLTN-La_x陶瓷的XRD图谱

Figure 1. XRD patterns of KNLTN-La_x ceramics.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 2 KNLTN-La_x陶瓷的SEM图

Figure 2. SEM images of KNLTN-La_x ceramics.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 3 KNLTN-La_x陶瓷的密度和相对密度

Figure 3. Density and relative density of KNLTN-La_x ceramics.

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图 4 KNLTN-La_x陶瓷的透过率

Figure 4. Optical transmittance of KNLTN-La_x ceramics.

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图 5 KNLTN-La_x陶瓷的数码照片

Figure 5. Digital pictures of KNLTN-La_x ceramics.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 6 室温下KNLTN-La_x陶瓷的电滞回线

Figure 6. P-E hysteresis loops of KNLTN-La_x ceramics in room temperature.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 7 KNLTN-La_x陶瓷的介电常数在不同测试频率下随温度的变化

Figure 7. Temperature dependence of dielectric constant for KNLTN-La_x ceramics measured at different frequency.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 8 10 kHz下KNLTN-La_x陶瓷的介电常数倒数与温度的关系

Figure 8. Inverse dielectric constant (1/ε_r) as a function of temperature at 10 kHz for KNLTN-La_x ceramics.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 9 KNLTN-La_x陶瓷的log(1/ε–1/ε_m)与log(T–T_m)的关系

Figure 9. Plot of log(1/ε–1/ε_m) as a function of log(T–T_m) for KNLTN-La_x ceramics.

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图 10 KNLTN-La_x陶瓷的压电常数、机电耦合系数随x的变化

Figure 10. The d₃₃ and k_p of KNLTN-La_x ceramics as a function of x.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

表 1 KNLTN-La_x陶瓷的晶胞参数

Table 1. Lattice parameters of KNLTN-La_x ceramics.

KNLTN-La_x	a/Å	标准差	b/Å	标准差	c/Å	标准差
x = 0	4.00134	0.00327	3.92609	0.00424	3.96078	0.02185
x = 0.01	3.96785	0.00707	3.96785	0.00707	3.89268	0.07532
x = 0.015	3.96225	0.00393	3.96225	0.00393	3.96067	0.04487
x = 0.02	3.96368	0.00229	3.96368	0.00229	4.01192	0.02727

DownLoad: CSV

表 2 KNLTN-La_x陶瓷在10 kHz下的T_cw, T_m, ΔT_m和γ的数值

Table 2. The parameters T_cw, T_m, ΔT_m and γ for the ceramics at 10 kHz.

x	0	0.01	0.015	0.02
T_cw	433	443	440	437
T_m	427	421	408	403
ΔT_m	6	22	32	34
γ	1.424	1.624	1.714	1.918

DownLoad: CSV

[1]	兰国政 2008 化学工程与装备 1 46 Google Scholar Lan G Z 2008 Chem. Eng. Equip. 1 46 Google Scholar
[2]	许煜寰 1978 铁电与压电材料 (北京: 科学出版社) 第207页 Xu Y H 1978 Ferroelectric and Piezoelectric Materials (Beijing: Science Press) p207 (in Chinese)
[3]	Xiao Z H, Yu S J, Li Y M, Ruan S C, Kong L B, Huang Q, Huang Z G, Zhou K, Su H B, Yao Z J, Que W X, Liu Y, Zhang T S, Wang J, Liu P, Shen D Y, Allix M, Zhang J, Tang D Y 2020 Mater. Sci. Eng., R. 139 100518 Google Scholar
[4]	Zhu Q Q, Yang P F, Wang Z Y, Hu P C 2020 J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 40 2426 Google Scholar
[5]	Peng B, Shi Q W, Huang W X, Wang S S, Qi J Q, Lu T C 2018 Ceram. Int. 44 13674 Google Scholar
[6]	Terakado N, Yoshimine T, Kozawa R, Takahashi Y, Fujiwara T 2020 RSC Adv. 10 22352 Google Scholar
[7]	Haertling G H 1987 Ferroelectrics 75 25 Google Scholar
[8]	Feng Z H, Lin L, Wang Z Z, Zheng Z Q 2017 Opt. Commun. 399 40 Google Scholar
[9]	Chen Y J, Sun D Z, Zhu Y Y, Zeng X, Ling L, Qiu P S, He X Y 2020 Ceram. Int. 46 6738 Google Scholar
[10]	Zeng X, Xu C X, Xu L 2019 J. Lumin. 213 61 Google Scholar
[11]	Zhang H, Wang H, Gu H G, Zong X, Tu B T, Xu P Y, Wang B, Wang W M, Liu S Y, Fu Z Y 2018 J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 38 4057 Google Scholar
[12]	Wu X, Lu S B, Kwok K W 2017 J. Alloys Compd. 695 3573 Google Scholar
[13]	Lin C, Wang H J, Ma J Z, Deng B Y, Wu X, Lin T F, Zheng X H, Yu X 2020 J. Alloys Compd. 826 154249 Google Scholar
[14]	Yu S, Carloni D, Wu Y 2020 J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 103 4159 Google Scholar
[15]	Zhang M, Yang H B, Li D, Lin Y 2020 J. Alloys Compd. 829 154565 Google Scholar
[16]	Liu Y, Chu R Q, Xu Z J, Zhang Y J, Chen Q, Li G R 2011 Mater. Sci. Eng., B 176 1463 Google Scholar
[17]	Yang D, Yang Z Y, Zhang X S, Wei L L, Chao X L, Yang Z P 2017 J. Alloys Compd. 716 21 Google Scholar
[18]	李艳艳 2010 硕士学位论文 (南昌: 南昌航空大学) Li Y Y 2010 M.S. Thesis (Nanchang: Nanchang Hangkong University) (in Chinese)
[19]	Jian L, Wayman C M 1995 Acta Mater. 43 3893 Google Scholar
[20]	Guo Y P, Kakimoto K, Ohsato H 2004 Appl. Phys. Lett. 85 4121 Google Scholar
[21]	Zhang P, Zhao Y G 2015 Mater. Lett. 161 620 Google Scholar
[22]	杨振宇 2016 硕士学位论文 (西安: 陕西师范大学) Yang Z Y 2016 M.S. Thesis (Xi'an: Shaanxi Normal University) (in Chinese)
[23]	耿志明 2015 硕士学位论文 (常州: 常州大学) Geng Z M 2015 M. S. Thesis (Changzhou: Changzhou University) (in Chinese)
[24]	Thomas N W 1990 J. Phys. Chem. Solids 51 1419 Google Scholar
[25]	郝继功 2010 硕士学位论文 (聊城: 聊城大学) Hao J G 2010 M.S. Thesis (Liaocheng: Liaocheng University) (in Chinese)
[26]	刘涛 2007 博士学位论文 (上海: 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所) Liu T 2007 Ph. D. Dissertation (Shanghai: Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences) (in Chinese)
[27]	Uchino K, Nomura S 1982 Ferroelectr. Lett. Sect. 44 55 Google Scholar

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4.	寻之朋，郝大鹏. 含复杂近邻的二维正方格子键渗流的蒙特卡罗模拟. 物理学报. 2022(06): 365-370 . 百度学术
5.	李滔，李骞，胡勇，彭先，冯曦，朱占美，赵梓寒. 不规则微裂缝网络定量表征及其对多孔介质渗流能力的影响. 石油勘探与开发. 2021(02): 368-378 . 百度学术
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