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非晶态合金因其独特的长程无序结构与优异的物理性能使其成为材料物理领域的研究热点. 然而其在热作用影响下的复杂微观结构演变与电子输运机制仍有待深入研究. 本文通过熔体甩带法制备了Ni40Fe35B15Si7P3和Ni50Fe25B15Si7P3非晶合金带材, 并在过冷液相区内不同温度下进行退火处理. 结果表明, 过冷液相区内的退火使合金的短程有序度增强, 自由体积减小, 原子排列更致密化, 退火后合金的局部类晶体团簇体积分数增至26%—34%. 同时, 过冷液相区退火诱发的散射中心增大及内应力释放, 使合金的电阻率升高, 其中Ni40Fe35B15Si7P3合金电阻率从131.8 μΩ·cm增至217.0 μΩ·cm, 增大了64.6%. 在外加磁场下, 洛伦兹力引起的电子轨迹偏转与磁致伸缩效应使合金的电阻率进一步升高. 此外, 热激活会释放束缚电子且增强其散射效应, 使合金的载流子浓度上升, 迁移率下降. 本研究表明退火可以调控非晶合金的短程有序度及自由体积分布, 进而影响其电输运性能, 为设计高性能非晶合金电子器件提供了实验依据.
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关键词:
- Ni-Fe基非晶合金 /
- 退火 /
- 短程有序度 /
- 电学性能
Amorphous alloys have become a research hotpot in the field of materials science due to their unique long-range disordered structure and excellent physical properties. However, the complex microstructural evolution and electronic transport mechanisms of amorphous alloys under thermal effects still need in depth investigating. In this work, Ni40Fe35B15Si7P3 and Ni50Fe25B15Si7P3 amorphous alloy ribbons are prepared by the melt-spinning technique, and the as-cast samples are subjected to annealing treatments within the supercooled liquid region. The results show that annealing within the supercooled liquid region enhances the short-range order, reduces the free volume, and increases the atomic packing density of the alloys. The volume fractions of the local quasi-crystalline clusters in the annealed samples increase to 26%－34%. Furthermore, the increases in scattering centers and the release of internal stresses induced by the supercooled liquid region annealing lead to an increase in the electrical resistivity of the alloys. Specifically, the resistivity of the Ni40Fe35B15Si7P3 alloy increases from 131.8 μΩ·cm to 217.0 μΩ·cm, a increase of 64.6% . Under an applied magnetic field, the deflection of electron trajectories due to the Lorentz force and the magnetostriction effect further increases the resistivity of the alloys. Additionally, thermal activation releases the bound electrons and enhances their scattering, resulting in an increase in the carrier concentration and a decrease in the carrier mobility of the annealed alloys. This study demonstrates that annealing can effectively control the short-range order and free volume distribution of amorphous alloys, thereby influencing their electronic transport properties. The findings provide an experimental basis for designing high-performance amorphous alloy electronic devices.
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Keywords:
- Ni-Fe-based amorphous alloys /
- annealing /
- short-range order /
- electrical properties
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图 1 (a) Ni40Fe35B15Si7P3和(b) Ni50Fe25B15Si7P3合金退火前后的XRD图; (c) Ni40Fe35B15Si7P3和Ni50Fe25B15Si7P3合金退火前后的FWHM数值
Fig. 1. (a) XRD patterns of Ni40Fe35B15Si7P3 and (b) Ni50Fe25B15Si7P3 alloys before and after annealing; (c) FWHM of Ni40Fe35B15Si7P3 and Ni50Fe25B15Si7P3 alloys before and after annealing.
图 2 (a) Ni40Fe35B15Si7P3和(b) Ni50Fe25B15Si7P3合金退火前后的DSC曲线图
Fig. 2. DSC curves of (a) Ni40Fe35B15Si7P3 and (b) Ni50Fe25B15Si7P3 alloys before and after annealing.
图 3 退火前后合金SEM图像 (a) Ni40Fe35B15Si7P3; (b) A653; (c) Ni50Fe25B15Si7P3; (d) B673; (e) 与A653对应的EDS图
Fig. 3. SEM images of (a)Ni40Fe35B15Si7P3, (b)A653, (c) Ni50Fe25B15Si7P3, (d) B673 alloys before and after annealing; (e) EDS image corresponding to A653.
图 4 (a) Ni40Fe35B15Si7P3, (b) A653, (c) Ni50Fe25B15Si7P3, (d) B673合金退火前后TEM图像, 插图为对应的SAED图像
Fig. 4. TEM images of (a) Ni40Fe35B15Si7P3, (b) A653, (c) Ni50Fe25B15Si7P3, and (d) B673 alloys before and after annealing with insets showing the corresponding SAED images.
图 5 (a) Ni40Fe35B15Si7P3, (b) A653, (c) Ni50Fe25B15Si7P3, (d) B673合金TEM图的2D自相关映射图, 出现清晰条纹的图用红色方框标记, 对应局域类晶体结构
Fig. 5. 2D autocorrelation mapping of the TEM images of (a) Ni40Fe35B15Si7P3, (b) A653, (c) Ni50Fe25B15Si7P3, (d) B673 alloys before and after annealing, with clearly defined striped patterns marked by red squares, corresponding to the local quasi-crystalline structures.
图 6 (a) Ni40Fe35B15Si7P3和(b) Ni50Fe25B15Si7P3合金退火前后的归一化电阻率(ρT/ρ300 K)曲线图; (c) Ni40Fe35B15Si7P3和(d) Ni50Fe25B15Si7P3合金在1 T磁场下退火前后的归一化电阻率($ \rho $H/$ \rho $300 K)曲线图
Fig. 6. Normalized resistivity (ρT/ρ300 K) curves of (a) Ni40Fe35B15Si7P3 and (b) Ni50Fe25B15Si7P3 alloys before and after annealing; normalized resistivity ($ \rho $H/$ \rho $300 K) of (c) Ni40Fe35B15Si7P3 and (d) Ni50Fe25B15Si7P3 alloys before and after annealing under a 1 T magnetic field.
图 7 (a) Ni40Fe35B15Si7P3和(b) Ni50Fe25B15Si7P3合金退火前后的室温载流子浓度与载流子迁移率曲线
Fig. 7. Room-temperature carrier concentration and carrier mobility curves of (a) Ni40Fe35B15Si7P3 and (b) Ni50Fe25B15Si7P3 alloys before and after annealing.
表 1 不同样品退火前后的热力学参数
Table 1. Thermodynamic parameters of Ni40Fe35B15Si7P3 and Ni50Fe25B15Si7P3 alloys before and after annealing.
Ni40Fe35B15Si7P3 Tg/K Ni50Fe25B15Si7P3 Tg/K As-spun 711.25 As-spun 702.13 A643 712.97 B663 703.56 A653 714.12 B673 704.96 A663 715.56 B683 706.05 
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表 2 两种合金退火前后的霍尔参数
Table 2. Hall parameters of of Ni40Fe35B15Si7P3 and Ni50Fe25B15Si7P3 alloys before and after annealing.
Ni40Fe35B15Si7P3 nH/
(1020 cm–3)$ \mu $
/(cm2·V–1)RH×103
/(cm3·C–1)Ni50Fe25B15Si7P3 nH×1020
/cm–3$ \mu $
/(cm2·V–1·s–1)RH×103
/(cm3·C–1)As-spun 1.40 205.17 –44.53 As-spun 1.37 278.17 –45.71 A643 1.47 172.04 –42.36 B663 1.44 246.19 –43.24 A653 1.50 156.51 –41.54 B673 1.48 224.32 –42.22 A663 1.73 127.64 –36.02 B683 1.50 201.35 –41.59
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