Quantum information technology: Current status and prospects

Pan Jian-Wei

doi:10.7498/aps.73.20231795

Abstract

In the early decades of the 20th century, the inception of quantum mechanics catalyzed the first quantum revolution, resulting in groundbreaking technological advances, such as nuclear energy, semiconductors, lasers, nuclear magnetic resonance, superconductivity, and global satellite positioning systems. These innovations have promoted significant progress in material civilization, fundamentally changed the way of life and societal landscape of humanity. Since the 1990s, quantum control technology has made significant strides forward, ushering in a rapid evolution of quantum technologies, notably exemplified by quantum information science. This encompasses domains such as quantum communication, quantum computing, and quantum precision measurement, offering paradigm-shifting solutions for enhancing information transmission security, accelerating computational speed, and elevating measurement precision. These advances hold the potential to provide crucial underpinning for national security and the high-quality development of the national economy. The swift progression of quantum information technology heralds the advent of the second quantum revolution. Following nearly three decades of concerted efforts, China’s quantum information technology field as a whole has achieved a leap. Specifically, China presently assumes a prominent international role in both the research and practical application of quantum communication, leading the global domain in quantum computing, and achieving international preeminence or advanced standing across various facets of quantum precision measurement. Presently, it is imperative to conduct a comprehensive assessment of the developmental priorities in the realm of quantum information in China for the forthcoming 5 to 10 years, in alignment with national strategic priorities and the evolving landscape of international competition. This will enable the proactive establishment of next-generation information technology systems that are secure, efficient, autonomous, and controllable.

Keywords:

Authors and contacts

Pan Jian-Wei^1,2

1.
Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
2.
CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China

Corresponding author: Pan Jian-Wei, pan@ustc.edu.cn

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References

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Cited By

图 1 量子计算的3个发展阶段

Figure 1. Three steps of achieving universal quantum computing.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 2 “九章”系列光量子计算原型机

Figure 2. “Jiuzhang” series photonics quantum computing prototype.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 3 “祖冲之”系列超导量子计算原型机

Figure 3. “Zuchongzhi” series superconducting quantum computing prototype.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 4 我国在国际上首次实现百公里级自由空间时间频率传递^[65]

Figure 4. Free-space dissemination of time and frequency with 10^–19 instability over 113 km^[65].

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

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