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Nano-plasmonic chiral structures exhibit stronger plasmonic circular dichroism than most organic materials. In addition to the circular dichroism response, the interaction between light and nano-plasmonic chiral structure also involves the photothermal and optomechanical effects. However, the synergy between the photothermal and optomechanical effects under circularly polarized light excitation remains poorly understood. This work investigates the synergy of the photothermal and optomechanical effects in chiral gold nanorod trimers. The asymmetric photothermal and optomechanical effects in gold nanorod trimers with adjacent homochiral centers are analyzed by finite element simulation. The simulation results show that the dynamic structure of the chiral gold nanorod trimer is activated when the photothermal temperature reaches the threshold value. At the same time, the asymmetric optical torque generated by left- and right-handed circularly polarized light will lead to asymmetric changes in the geometry of the gold nanorod trimer, especially in the twist angle of the chiral center, so that the spectral response of the gold nanorod trimer is polarization-dependent. More significantly, based on the synergy of the photothermal and optomechanical effects, experimental results show that the chiral gold nanorod oligomers can be used to control the asymmetric enhancement and suppression of the plasmonic circular dichroic spectral response through the enantioselective interaction of left- and right-handed circularly polarized light. This study provides an important reference for designing advanced nano-photonics devices.
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Keywords:
- nano-plasmonic chirality /
- circular dichroism /
- asymmetric optomechanical effect /
- asymmetric photothermal effect
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图 1 GNR手性三聚体的物理模型及其光学性质 (a) 圆偏振光与GNR手性三聚体相互作用的物理模型, 展示了在六个方向平均的圆偏振光激发下的三聚体结构, 其中链接分子位于GNR之间的间隙区域; (b) PP型和MM型GNR手性三聚体的结构示意图; (c) PP型GNR三聚体的消光光谱; (d) 具有相反手性的GNR三聚体的等离激元CD光谱. 其中PP型GNR三聚体中GNR1-2和GNR2-3的扭转角$\theta = - 1.5^\circ $, MM型GNR三聚体中GNR1-2和GNR2-3的扭转角$\theta = 1.5^\circ $. 入射光功率密度为$ I = 1.4 \times {10^8}\;{\mathrm{mW}}{ \cdot}{\mathrm{ c{m}}^{ - 2}} $
Figure 1. Physical models and optical properties of GNR chiral trimer: (a) The physical model of the interaction between circularly polarized light and GNR chiral trimer shows the trimer structure under six directions of average circularly polarized light excitation, with linking molecules located in the gap region between GNR; (b) the schematic diagram of the structure of PP-state and MM-state GNR chiral trimers; (c) the extinction spectra of PP-state GNR trimer; (d) the plasmonic CD spectra of GNR trimer with opposite chirality. The twist angle θ of GNR1-2 and GNR2-3 in PP-state GNR trimer is –1.5°, and the twist angle θ of GNR1-2 and GNR2-3 in MM-state GNR trimer is 1.5°. The incident light power density is $ I = 1.4 \times {10^8}\;{\mathrm{mW}}{ \cdot }{\mathrm{c{m}}^{ - 2}} $.
图 2 GNR1-2的光热CD(${\text{C}}{{\text{D}}_{\Delta {T_{{\text{{{rise}}}}}}}}$)、光热温度(${T_{{\text{{{rise}}}}}}$)和光扭矩($\Delta {{\boldsymbol{M}}_{Z21}}$) (a) GNR1-2间隙中心位置处的光热CD光谱. 插图为PP型GNR三聚体, 圆点标注了链接分子与GNR间隙区域的中心位置. 激光功率密度为$ I = 1.4 \times {10^8}{\mathrm{mW}}{ \cdot }{\mathrm{c{m}}^{ - 2}} $; (b)不同激光功率密度下PP型GNR三聚体中GNR1-2在间隙中心位置的光热温度; (c)不同偏振态的激光激发下, 扭转角$ {\theta _0} $在$ 0^\circ < \left| {{\theta _0}} \right| < 5^\circ $范围内的GNR2相对于GNR1的光扭矩. 激光波长为721 nm, 功率密度$ I = 1.46 \times {10^8}\;{\mathrm{mW}}{ \cdot }{\mathrm{c{m}}^{ - 2}} $
Figure 2. The photothermal CD (${\text{C}}{{\text{D}}_{\Delta {T_{{\text{rise}}}}}}$), photothermal temperature (${T_{{\text{rise}}}}$), and optical torque ($\Delta {{\boldsymbol{M}}_{Z21}}$) of GNR1-2: (a) The photothermal CD spectra at the center position of the GNR1-2 gap. The illustration shows a PP-state GNR trimer, with dots indicating the center position of the gap region between the linking molecule and GNR. The laser power density $ I = 1.4 \times $$ {10^8}\;{\mathrm{mW}}{ \cdot} {\mathrm{c{m}}^{ - 2}} $. (b) The photothermal temperature of GNR2-3 at the center of the gap in PP-state GNR trimer under different laser power densities. (c) Under laser excitation of different polarization states, the optical torque of GNR2 relative to GNR1 with a twist angle $ {\theta _0} $ in the range of $ 0^\circ < \left| {{\theta _0}} \right| < 5^\circ $. The laser wavelength is 721 nm, power density $ I = 1.46 \times {10^8}\;{\mathrm{mW}} {\cdot }{\mathrm{c{m}}^{ - 2}} $.
图 3 不同偏振态的激光激发下, PP型GNR手性三聚体中初始扭转角为θ0的单一手性中心(GNR1-2)的结构变化模型, 其中激光波长为721 nm
Figure 3. The structural change model of single chiral center (GNR1-2) with an initial twist angle of θ0 in PP-state GNR chiral trimer under laser excitation of different polarization states. The laser wavelength is 721 nm.
图 4 不同偏振态的激光激发下的GNR手性三聚体的末态及其模拟CD光谱 (a) GNR手性三聚体的结构变化的末态; (b) PP型GNR三聚体的模拟CD光谱; (c) MM型GNR三聚体的模拟CD光谱. 其中激光波长为721 nm, 功率密度$ I = 1.4 \times {10^8}\;{\mathrm{mW}}{ \cdot} {\mathrm{c{m}}^{ - 2}} $. 对于PP型GNR三聚体, θ0和θ1为–1.5°, θ2 = –2°, θ3 = –1°; 对于MM型GNR三聚体, θ0和θ1为1.5°, θ2 = 1°, θ3 = 2°
Figure 4. The final state and simulated CD spectra of GNR chiral trimer under laser excitation of different polarization states: (a) The final state of GNR chiral trimer after structural change; (b) simulated CD spectra of PP-state GNR trimers; (c) simulated CD spectra of MM-state GNR trimers. The laser wavelength is 721 nm, power density $ I = 1.4 \times {10^8}\;{\mathrm{mW}}{ \cdot} {\mathrm{c{m}}^{ - 2}} $. For PP-state GNR trimer, θ0 and θ1 are –1.5°, θ2 = –2°, and θ3 = –1°; for MM-state GNR trimer, θ0 and θ1 are 1.5°, θ2 = 1°, and θ3 = 2°.
图 5 不同偏振态的激光激发下GNR手性寡聚体的吸收光谱与等离激元CD光谱 (a) L-GNR寡聚体的吸收光谱; (b) D-GNR寡聚体的吸收光谱; (c) L-GNR寡聚体的等离激元CD光谱; (d) D-GNR寡聚体的等离激元CD光谱. 其中激光波长为721 nm
Figure 5. Absorption spectra and plasmonic CD spectra of GNR chiral oligomers under laser excitation of different polarization states: (a) The absorption spectra of L-GNR oligomers; (b) the absorption spectra of D-GNR oligomers; (c) the plasmonic CD spectra of L-GNR oligomers; (d) the plasmonic CD spectra of D-GNR oligomers. The laser wavelength is 721 nm.
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