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随着超快科学和阿秒脉冲技术的发展，基于孤立阿秒脉冲的泵浦-探测系统由于能实现对电子动力学的时间分辨测量，已成为人们开展阿秒超快过程研究不可或缺的关键技术。但要获得稳定可靠的泵浦-探测信号，需要保证泵浦与探测光之间阿秒级的高精度同步，较大的抖动将会导致信号产生弥散、甚至被淹埋在噪声中，从而无法获得真实的物理图像。由于阿秒脉冲从产生到应用终端之间的距离通常较长，要实现阿秒时间分辨，就必须对阿秒光脉冲与泵浦光进行阿秒量级的延时锁定。针对这一问题，本文发展了一种新型的双层光路系统，通过对获得的干涉条纹作快速傅里叶变换，将获得的时间抖动量反馈给压电平移台实时补偿光程漂移，实现了泵浦光与探测光之间阿秒量级的同步锁定。应用该方案到光路长度从1米到10米的阿秒泵浦探测系统，得到了锁定精度分别从7.64 as到31.76 as的结果,分析表明系统延时误差与距离成严格的线性关系，决定数R2=0.96。这一研究工作表明，使用小型干涉仪可实现对大科学装置中长距离阿秒泵浦探测系统的锁定精度进行快速检测，这对如非共线阿秒条纹相机、时间分辨光电子能谱仪、相干合成等应用具有一定的参考意义。With the development of ultrafast science and attosecond laser technology, the pump-probe system based on isolated attosecond laser pulses is a key for attosecond science, which will be used to study electronic dynamics in attosecond time-scale. To obtain stable and reliable signals, it is necessary to ensure ultra-stable and ultra-accurate synchronization. Any timing jitter can cause signal disperse or get buried in noise, making it impossible to obtain the true physical mechanism. Based on above, the delay between pump and probe laser pulses must be controlled with an attosecond time resolution. In this work, a dual-layer system was developed to make a high-precision synchronization locking. To ensure that both layers have the same time jitter, we design an adapter to hold the elements, which are placed in the mounting. Timing jitter is obtained by shaking interference fringes through fast Fourier transformation, which can be calculated in several milliseconds. Then error signals are fed back to the PZT stage for compensation of real-time optical path drift. With such a design, a time-delay accuracy of 7.64 as to 15.53 as are realized, which is linearly related to the interferometer arm length from 1 m to 5 m and the R-square is 0.96. Moreover, the error between the experimental result of arm length of 8,10 meters and the result fitted with the above data is less than 3 as. These results shows that using a small interferometer can achieve fast detection of the time-delay accuracy of long-arm attosecond pump-probe detection systems in large scientific instruments, which is of important guiding significance for applications such as non-collinear attosecond streaking spectroscopy, time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy, coherent synthesis, and other applications.
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Keywords:
- ultrafast science /
- pump-probe system /
- delay locking
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