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空间无线功率传输技术为实现轨道空间站及星载设备的太阳能供电提供了创新解决方案，然而其产生的高强度电磁脉冲将对卫星常用的单结砷化镓(GaAs)太阳电池构成潜在威胁。目前，强电磁脉冲作用下太阳电池的损伤物理机制尚未得到充分阐明。本研究通过半导体仿真软件建立了单结砷化镓太阳电池的多物理场耦合模型，系统研究了电磁脉冲作用下电池的热-电耦合损伤机理。基于多参数仿真分析，研究了电压幅值和频率电磁脉冲对单结砷化镓太阳电池的损伤规律，揭示了电压幅值和频率与烧毁时间的关系，以及不同频段电磁脉冲作用下的损伤模式差异。本研究对于深入理解空间太阳电池的电磁损伤机理、指导航天器电源系统的电磁防护设计具有重要的理论意义和工程应用价值。The technology of space-based wireless power transfer presents a potential solution for supplying energy to spacecraft. However, this method transmits energy through high-power electromagnetic pulses, which may pose a potential threat to gallium arsenide (GaAs) solar cells. Currently, the damage mechanisms affecting solar cells in these conditions remain unclear. To address this issue, this study investigates the thermo-electrical coupled damage mechanism of single-junction GaAs solar cells using a comprehensive multiphysics simulation model. The simulations analyze the damage characteristics of the solar cells under varying voltage and frequency inputs. Furthermore, this work investigates the relationship between burnout time and both input voltage and frequency, while also elucidating the differences in damage mechanisms observed under different frequencies. Results indicate that burnout predominantly occurs at the cathode electrode contacts due to high current density and contact resistance. Additionally, the PN junction and the anode contact experience significant temperature elevations, potentially impacting the cell performance. By enhancing the comprehension of how high-power electromagnetic pulses damage space solar cells, this study will support the design of electromagnetic protection systems for spacecraft power architectures.
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Keywords:
- Electromagnetic Pulses /
- Gallium Arsenide /
- Solar Cells /
- Thermal Damage
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