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二维半导体过渡金属硫族化合物凭借其层数依赖的带隙、强激子效应及独特的本征谷自旋极化等特性，成为光电子学的研究热点. 转角堆垛形成的异质结中的层间激子与莫尔条纹成为了实现相关态涌现的有效平台，并为探索量子多体物理与关联现象的研究提供了理想平台. 针对半导体过渡金属硫族化合物及其异质结的光电性质的高压调控，本文首先介绍了高压技术，之后分别讨论了单体与异质结的光电性质的高压演化，并重点探讨了：一、在原子尺度上诱导的结构相变与在电子维度上的能带演化，二、层间相互作用的演化与对性质的影响机制，三、在激子束缚态的调控与机制，四、莫尔超晶格势场的分布. 特别揭示了高压在强化层间轨道杂化、诱发奇异量子相等方面的独特优势. 最后，展望了该领域的未来研究方向，为量子信息器件设计、强关联电子系统模拟及新奇激子物态研究提供新思路.Semiconducting transition metal chalcogenides exhibit layer-dependent bandgaps, strong excitonic effects, and spin-valley coupling, positioning them as promising candidates for optoelectronic applications. In heterostructures formed by van der Waals stacking, interlayer excitons and moiré superlattices have emerged as a unique platform for exploring quantum many-body physics and correlated electronic phases. Subjecting semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides and their heterostructures to high pressure enables precise, continuous tuning of optoelectronic properties through anisotropic lattice compression-particularly the dramatic reduction of interlayer distances-which profoundly enhances interlayer orbital hybridization beyond conventional tuning methods. This review systematically presents diamond anvil cell techniques for in situ high-pressure characterization and analyzes the pressure-induced evolution in semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides and their heterostructures. It focuses on four key aspects: (1) Atomic-scale structural phase transitions (e.g., layer sliding) and corresponding electronic band structure modifications, including direct-to-indirect bandgap transitions in monolayers (K-Λ crossover) and metallization/superconductivity; (2) Quantifiable enhancement of interlayer interactions revealed by layer-dependent phonon shifts and spin-orbit splitting amplification, along with their impact mechanisms on properties; (3) Modulation of exciton binding states and associated mechanisms, overing intralayer excitons, trions and interlayer excitons; (4) Moiré potential modulation where high pressure significantly deepens potentials via interlayer compression. The review particularly highlights the unique capability of high pressure in enhancing interlayer orbital hybridization, thereby inducing exotic quantum phases. Finally, future research directions in this field are outlined to advance quantum information devices design, strongly correlated electron system simulation, and the novel excitonic state exploration.
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Keywords:
- High pressure /
- Transition metal dichalcogenides /
- Exciton /
- Moiré
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