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高能粒子（Energetic Particles, EP）驱动的不稳定性及其调控规律，是受控核聚变研究中亟需解决的关键科学问题之一。本文以京都大学Heliotron J装置为实验平台，系统研究了电子回旋加热（Electron Cyclotron Heating, ECH）对EP驱动不稳定性的影响。研究采用实验诊断与数值模拟相结合的方式，揭示了典型等离子体参数在不稳定性激发与抑制中的作用机制，以及磁场位型和等离子体参数耦合作用在ECH加热系统影响不稳定性中发挥的作用。文章通过FAR3D程序分析了随着ECH功率的变化，高能离子比压、热比压、电子温度以及电阻率对模态驱动和阻尼过程的影响规律。模拟结果与实验观测在模数和径向结构上高度一致，证实了快粒子比压对增长率的敏感性，以及电子温度对朗道阻尼和连续谱阻尼的增强效应。模拟结果表明有限Larmor半径（FLR）效应和高能离子减速时间的改变同样在模态演化中发挥重要作用。研究结果不仅为理解不同磁场位型下ECH加热系统对不稳定性的差异化作用提供了物理依据，也为未来螺旋器/仿星器类装置中优化加热方式、提升等离子体运行稳定性提供了重要参考。A large number of energetic particles (EPs) are generated during the heating process to obtain the high temperature plasma for fusion research. These EPs can resonantly excite various magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) instabilities, including the Alfvén eigenmodes (AEs) and the energetic particle modes (EPMs). The excitation of such MHD instabilities can lead to significant EP losses, which not only degrade the plasma confinement and heating efficiency, but also result in excessive heat loads and damage to plasma-facing components. In this paper, the influence of key plasma parameters on the excitation and damping effect of EP-driven MHD instabilities in Heliotron J device are investigated for better understanding of the excitation and transport mechanisms of EPs driven MHD in specific device, which is meaningful for achieving stable plasma operation in future fusion devices with different heating methods. In this study, the typical EPs driven MHD instabilities are observed using various diagnostic methods, such as magnetic probes, beam emission spectroscopy (BES), electron cyclotron resonance (ECE) radiometers, and interferometers. Combined with the simulation results from STELLGAP and FAR3D programs, the modulus, radial distribution, and spectral characteristics of different instabilities were deeply analyzed, revealing the evolutions of AEs and EPMs in the Heliotron J device under typical heating conditions. This paper quantitatively reveals the driving and suppressing mechanisms of EP-driven instabilities by the electron density (ne), the electron temperature (Te), and the energetic/thermal particle specific pressure (βf/βth) in Heliotron J device, under different electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECH) and neutral beam injection (NBI) conditions. The results show that different characteristics are obtained under different magnetic field geometry conditions. It is indicated that an increase in electron density can reduce the instability intensity by about 40%-60%, and an increase in the specific pressure of energetic particles can double the modal growth rate, while an increase in the specific pressure of hot particles has a 20%-50% inhibitory effect on the growth rate of the low order modes. These findings are useful for understanding the different effects of ECH and NBI on the EPs driven MHD instabilities, and they are also helpful for achieving stable operation by adjusting the heating system parameters in the stellarator like devices in the future.
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