用于触觉感知的自供能可拉伸压电橡胶皮肤电子器件

姚宽明; 姚靖仪; 海照; 李登峰; 解兆谦; 于欣格

doi:10.7498/aps.69.20200664

摘要

柔软、轻薄的皮肤电子器件是当今的研究热点之一, 在健康监测、疾病预防及治疗方面有诸多应用. 但是目前柔性能量供给器件从厚度和尺寸上仍然无法满足皮肤电子的集成要求. 本文主要阐述一种应用压电橡胶复合材料的柔性皮肤电子器件, 采用压电陶瓷材料锆钛酸铅(PZT)、聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)和石墨烯的混合体系组成柔性传感器. 混合后的压电橡胶材料柔软, 轻薄, 延展性良好, 结合优化力学性能的蛇形结构叉指电极以及PDMS柔性基底, 使该器件柔软、可拉伸, 能与皮肤无缝紧密贴合. 该触觉感知柔性皮肤电子器件不仅可以准确测量2.84—11.72 kPa范围的压力, 且能够适应弯曲、拉伸等机械变化, 并且在不同方向上的拉伸应变达到20%时都仍然能保持良好的压电性能, 证明该器件可以在人体日常动作造成的皮肤应变下保持良好的稳定性能. 该器件可以贴于体表以监测并区分触摸、点按、轻拍、敲击等动作, 输出的电能足够点亮15个LED灯泡, 在自供能皮肤电子领域有巨大发展和应用潜力.

关键词:

Abstract

Soft, thin, skin-integrated electronics, i.e. epidermal electronics, has become a hotspot in biomedical engineering and drawn great attention for their applications in health monitoring, disease diagnosis and therapies. However, soft powering system is still a challenge for epidermal electronics, since the thickness and weight of the existing flexible energy harvesting and storage devices are very hard to meet the requirements of epidermal electronics. Here we present a stretchable and flexible self-powering epidermal electronic device based on rubbery piezoelectric composites formed by a ternary blend of PDMS, lead zirconate titanate (PZT) and graphene. The mixed PZT rubber is soft, ultra-thin and light weight and intrinsically stretchable. By combining soft PDMS substrate and advanced mechanics designed interdigital electrodes/interconnects, a stretchable and skin-integrated device for tactile sensing is realized. The soft device can not only accurately measure a board range of force from 2.84 kPa to 11.72 kPa but also exhibit great flexibility that can maintain stable performance under various mechanical deformations, such as bending, stretching and twisting. On-skin demonstration tests reveal that this self-powering device can clearly distinguish the differences among mechanical stimulations such as touching, poking, tapping and hitting. Furthermore, the self-powering nature of these devices allows energy to be harvested from daily body actives, for instance, hard touching by hand can lighten up to 15 light-emitting diodes.

Keywords:

作者及机构信息

1.
香港城市大学生物医学工程系, 香港

2.
大连理工大学工程力学系, 工业装备结构分析国家重点实验室, 大连　116023

通信作者: 解兆谦, zxie@dlut.edu.cn ; 于欣格, xingeyu@cityu.edu.hk

Authors and contacts

1.
Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China

2.
State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, China

Corresponding author: Xie Zhao-Qian, zxie@dlut.edu.cn ; Yu Xin-Ge, xingeyu@cityu.edu.hk

文章全文 : translate this paragraph

参考文献

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施引文献

图 1 柔性压电皮肤电子器件　(a) 器件结构图; (b) 蛇纹线结构叉指电极整体、细节及其设计图; (c) 器件贴于皮肤表面的照片; (d) 对器件分别进行纵向、横向拉伸及扭转、弯曲变形的照片; (e) 三元压电橡胶表面形貌的SEM图像; (f) SEM图像范围内C, Si, O, Pb, Zr, Ti元素的能量色散X射线EDX分布图

Fig. 1. The flexible piezoelectric epidermal electronic device: (a) Explosive view of the structure of the device; (b) overall and detailed photos of the serpentine structured interdigital electrodes and the design; (c) photograph showing the device attached to the skin; (d) photographs showing the device under longitudinal and latitudinal stretching, twisting and bending, respectively; (e) the SEM image of the surface morphology of the graphene/PZT/PDMS ternary piezoelectric rubber; (f) energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) images illustrating the distribution of C, Si, O, Pb, Zr and Ti.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 压电器件在1 Hz撞击频率下随撞击压力变化的电学性能　(a) 不同撞击压力下开路电压输出的实时测量值; (b) 以压力为变量的开路电压平均峰值曲线, 内插图为1 kPa及以下的小数量级压力下(虚线框内部分)的开路电压输出曲线放大图; (c) 不同撞击压力下短路电流输出的实时测量值; (d) 以压力为变量的短路电流平均峰值曲线, 内插图为1 kPa及以下的小数量级压力下(虚线框内部分)的短路电流输出曲线放大图

Fig. 2. Electrical performance of the piezoelectric device with varying applied pressure under a hitting frequency of 1 Hz: (a) Real-time measured open-circuit voltage output under varying applied pressure; (b) average peak open-circuit voltage as a function of pressure (inset: OC voltage output at about 1 kPa pressure and below); (c) real-time measured short-circuit current output under varying applied pressure; (d) average peak short-circuit current as a function of pressure (inset: SC current output at about 1 kPa pressure and below).

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 压电器件在纵向以及横向不同拉伸应变下, 在同一撞击压力((23.17 ± 1.76) kPa)下的电学性能　(a) 纵向拉伸下的开路电压输出实时测量值; (b) 纵向拉伸下的开路电压平均峰值统计图; (c) 横向拉伸下的开路电压输出实时测量值; (d) 横向拉伸下的开路电压平均峰值统计图

Fig. 3. Electrical performance of the piezoelectric device with identical applied pressure ((23.17 ± 1.76) kPa) under varying longitu-dinal and latitudinal stretching strain: (a) Real-time measured open-circuit voltage output under varying longitudinal stretching strain; (b) average peak open-circuit voltage as a function of longitudinal strain; (c) real-time measured open-circuit voltage output under varying latitudinal strain; (d) average peak open-circuit voltage as a function of latitudinal strain.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 压电器件贴于人体表面实际测试时的电学性能　(a) 4种不同力度的接触方式: 触摸、点按、轻拍、敲击; (b) 开路电压输出的实时测量值; (c) 开路电压平均峰值统计图; (d) 短路电流输出的实时测量值; (e) 短路电流平均峰值统计图; (f) 器件经历长时间后的触觉传感开路电压与原始性能的对比; (g)器件经历长时间后的触觉传感短路电流与原始性能的对比

Fig. 4. Electrical performance of the piezoelectric device when attached to human skin: (a) Photos of four different contact method: touching, poking, tapping and hitting; (b) real-time measured open-circuit voltage outputs; (c) average peak open-circuit voltages; (d) real-time measured short-circuit current outputs; (e) average peak short-circuit currents; (f) comparison between open-circuit voltage outputs of devices in original state and after one-month use when used for tactile sensing; (g) comparison between short-circuit current outputs of devices in original state and after one-month use when used for tactile sensing.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 压电器件输出电能为15个LED灯泡供电测试　(a), (b) 在手指与压电器件分离时, LED灯灭; (c), (d) 手指敲打压电器件瞬间, 15个LED灯泡全部亮起

Fig. 5. Demonstration test of supplying energy for 15 LED bulbs only by the piezoelectric device: (a), (b) LEDs are blacked out when fingers lift off from the device; (c), (d) 15 LEDs are all lighten up at the moment fingers hit the device.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

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