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B位空位补偿型钐掺杂PZT(54/46)陶瓷中的缺陷分析及其对压电性能的影响

杨静 ,  冯少蓉 ,  张涛 ,  牛旭平 ,  王荣 ,  李敏 ,  于润升 ,  曹兴忠 ,  王宝义

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B位空位补偿型钐掺杂PZT(54/46)陶瓷中的缺陷分析及其对压电性能的影响

杨静, 冯少蓉, 张涛, 牛旭平, 王荣, 李敏, 于润升, 曹兴忠, 王宝义
物理学报, 2024, 73(7): 077701.
doi: 10.7498/aps.73.20231872

Analysis of defects in B-vacancy compensated Sm-doped PZT(54/46) ceramics and their influences on piezoelectric properties

Yang Jing, Feng Shao-Rong, Zhang Tao, Niu Xu-Ping, Wang Rong, Li Min, Yu Run-Sheng, Cao Xing-Zhong, Wang Bao-Yi
Acta Phys. Sin., 2024, 73(7): 077701.
doi: 10.7498/aps.73.20231872
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  • 摘要

    用固相反应法制备了B位空位补偿型钐掺杂非准同型相界组分PZT(54/46)陶瓷. 通过正电子湮没寿命谱(PALS)和符合多普勒展宽能谱(CDBS)对陶瓷中的缺陷结构进行综合表征, 结合常规表征手段如X射线衍射(XRD), 电子扫描显微镜(SEM), 介电、铁电和压电性能测量, 研究缺陷对陶瓷压电性能的影响. XRD结果显示所有陶瓷均为纯钙钛矿相, 掺杂诱导了菱方-四方(R-T)相变, 准同型相界位于Sm掺杂量x = 0.01$- $0.02. 电学测量结果反映: 介电、铁电和压电性能均先增强后减弱, MPB附近两个样品都有优异的介电和铁电性能, 但其压电性能差别很大. x = 0.01给出最优压电性能d33 = 572 pC/N, 较未掺杂样品增强了一倍. PALS结果表明掺杂使陶瓷中缺陷类型发生变化, x ≤ 0.01, 样品中同时含有A位空位与B位空位; x ≥ 0.02, 样品中以A位相关缺陷为主, B位空位浓度很低. CDBS结果进一步证实x = 0.01和0.02中B位空位浓度分别是该体系中最高和最低的. 由以上结果推断出: x = 0.01获得的最优压电性能与其中较高浓度的B位空位有关, B位空位可稀释A位空位浓度, 降低氧空位浓度, 从而降低A位空位与氧空位形成缺陷偶极子的几率, 促进畴壁运动, 使压电性能增强.

    Abstract

    Rare earth dopping, especially samarium (Sm) dopping is considered as an effective way to obtain high piezoelectricity by increasing local structure heterogeneity in Pb-containing ABO3 perovskite ceramics. Defects play an significant role in determining piezoelectric properties in aliovalent ion doping systems. In order to obtain an insight into the effect of defects, especially B-site vacancies on piezoelectricity, Sm-doped PZT(54/46) ceramics compensated by B-site vacancies are fabricated by conventional solid state reaction method. The influence of defects on piezoelectric properties is studied by positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS), coincidence Doppler broadening spectroscopy (CDBS), and conventional methods such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), electrical performance testing on dielectricity, ferroelectricity and pizoelectricity. The XRD results show that all ceramics crystallize in a pure perovskite phase, Sm3+ doping causes a transformation from the rhombohedral to tetragonal phase and the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) lies near Sm3+ doping content x = 0.01–0.02. Electrical performance testing results indicate that with the increase of x, all of the dielectricity, ferroelectricity and pizoelectricity first increase and then decrease, the sample with x = 0.01 and 0.02 exhibit similar excellent dielectricity and ferroelectricity, while their pizoelectricity differs greatly, the optimal piezoelectric coefficient d33 = 572 pC/N (nearly double that of undoped sample) is obtained in the sample with x = 0.01. The PALS results show that Sm doping leads the defect types to change from the coexistence of A-site and B-site vacancies for x ≤ 0.01 to mainly A-site related defects for x ≥ 0.02. The CDBS results further verify that the concentration of B-site vacancies is highest for x = 0.01 and lowest for x = 0.02. It is inferred that the high pizoelectricity for x = 0.01 is related to its high concentration of B-site vacancies, which can dilute the number of A-site vacancies and oxygen vacancies, reducing the chance of forming defect dipoles between an A-site vacancy and an oxygen vacancy, facilitating domain wall motion, and enhancing piezoelectricity. This study indicates that B-site vacancies can enhance piezoelectricity to some extent, which will provide some guidance for defect engineering.

    作者及机构信息

    • 1.

      西安科技大学理学院, 西安　710600

    • 2.

      西安科技大学材料科学与工程学院, 西安　710600

    • 3.

      中国科学院高能物理研究所, 北京　100049

      • 通信作者: 杨静, yangjing10@xust.edu.cn ; 张涛, tzhang@xust.edu.cn ; 
    • 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(批准号: 12075189, 11605133, 12004300, 11974275)、中国博士后科学基金(批准号: 2018M643813XB)和陕西省联合基金重点项目(批准号: 2021JML-05)资助的课题.

    Authors and contacts

    • 1.

      College of Science, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710600, China

    • 2.

      College of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710600, China

    • 3.

      Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

      • Corresponding author: Yang Jing, yangjing10@xust.edu.cn ; Zhang Tao, tzhang@xust.edu.cn ; 
    • Funds: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 12075189, 11605133, 12004300, 11974275), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No. 2018M643813XB), and the Key Joint Funds of Shaanxi Province, China (Grant No. 2021JML-05).

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    Asoka-Kumar P, Alatalo M, Ghosh V J, Kruseman A C, Nielsen B, Lynn K G 1996 Phys. Rev. Lett. 77 2097Google Scholar

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    熊涛, 高传波, 陈祥磊, 周先意, 翁惠民, 曹方宇, 叶邦角, 韩荣典, 杜淮江 2009 物理学报 58 6946Google Scholar

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  • 图 1  xSm-PZT(54/46)陶瓷的XRD结果　(a) 20°—70°全谱图; (b) 42°—46°的慢扫谱图

    Fig. 1.  XRD patterns of xSm-PZT(54/46) ceramics: (a) 2θ = 20°—70°; (b) selected region of 2θ = 42°—46°.

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    图 2  0.02 Sm-PZT(54/46)陶瓷的SEM图像

    Fig. 2.  SEM images of 0.02 Sm-PZT (54/46) ceramics.

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    图 3  xSm-PZT(54/46)的介电频谱　(a) 介电常数; (b) 介电损耗

    Fig. 3.  Dielectric spectrum of xSm-PZT(54/46): (a) Permittivity; (b) loss tangent.

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    图 4  xSm-PZT(54/46)陶瓷的铁电性能　(a) P-E电滞回线; (b) J-E曲线

    Fig. 4.  Ferroelectric properties of xSm-PZT(54/46): (a) P-E hysteresis loops; (b) J-E curves.

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    图 5  xSm-PZT(54/46)陶瓷的压电性能

    Fig. 5.  Piezoelectric properties of the xSm-PZT(54/46) ceramics.

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    图 6  xSm-PZT(54/46)陶瓷的CBDS商谱结果(以未掺杂PZT为参比)　(a) 全谱图; (b) O 2p峰放大图

    Fig. 6.  CDBS ratio curves of xSm-PZT(54/46) ceramics, using undoped PZT as the reference: (a) Full curves; (b) enlarged O 2p peak curves.

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    表 1  xSm-PZT(54/46)陶瓷的铁电性能指标

    Table 1.  Ferroelectric parameters of xSm-PZT(54/46) ceramics

    样品 矫顽场Ec/(kV·cm–1) 最大极化值Pm/(µC·cm–2) 剩余极化2Pr/(µC·cm–2)
    0.000 Sm-PZT(54/46) 6.50543 22.9362 17.8235
    0.005 Sm-PZT(54/46) 9.07716 28.9513 41.7151
    0.010 Sm-PZT(54/46) 11.96854 29.7117 43.8174
    0.020 Sm-PZT(54/46) 16.22384 30.0491 45.7736
    0.030 Sm-PZT(54/46) 19.54932 26.0871 40.9861
    0.040 Sm-PZT(54/46) 12.44085 21.0489 28.7527
    下载: 导出CSV

    表 2  xSm-PZT(54/46)陶瓷PALS解谱结果(τ1固定为160 ps)

    Table 2.  Decomposed PALS results of xSm-PZT(54/46) ceramics (with τ1 fixed to 160 ps).

    Sample τ1/ps I1/% τ2/ps I2/% τ3/ps I3/% Fit’s variance
    0.000 Sm-PZT(54/46) 160 41.01 ± 0.24 272.5 ± 1.1 58.02 ± 0.24 1386 ± 58 0.97 ± 0.05 1.0526
    0.005 Sm-PZT(54/46) 160 33.69 ± 0.64 275.9 ± 1.4 65.37 ± 0.64 1531 ± 33 0.94 ± 0.03 1.0155
    0.010 Sm-PZT(54/46) 160 31.61 ± 0.20 276.3 ± 0.4 67.45 ± 0.20 1477 ± 34 0.94 ± 0.02 0.9946
    0.020 Sm-PZT(54/46) 160 23.01 ± 0.65 293.0 ± 1.5 75.97 ± 0.65 1531 ± 39 1.01 ± 0.04 1.0727
    0.030 Sm-PZT(54/46) 160 24.25 ± 0.53 289.9 ± 1.2 74.87 ± 0.53 1457 ± 81 0.88 ± 0.06 0.9906
    0.040 Sm-PZT(54/46) 160 31.33 ± 0.42 286.3 ± 1.3 67.57 ± 0.42 1402 ± 34 1.09 ± 0.04 1.0466
    下载: 导出CSV

    表 3  xSm-PZT(54/46)陶瓷归一化PALS解谱结果

    Table 3.  Normalized parameters of decomposed PALS results of xSm-PZT(54/46) ceramics.

    Sample τ1/ps I1/% τ2/ps I2/% Fit’s variance
    0.000 Sm-PZT(54/46) 160 41.41 ± 0.24 272.5 ± 1.1 58.59 ± 0.24 1.047
    0.005 Sm-PZT(54/46) 160 34.01 ± 0.64 275.9 ± 1.4 65.99 ± 0.64 1.0155
    0.010 Sm-PZT(54/46) 160 31.91 ± 0.20 276.3 ± 0.4 68.09 ± 0.20 0.9954
    0.020 Sm-PZT(54/46) 160 23.25 ± 0.65 293.0 ± 1.5 76.75 ± 0.65 1.0683
    0.030 Sm-PZT(54/46) 160 24.47 ± 0.53 289.9 ± 1.2 75.53 ± 0.53 0.9928
    0.040 Sm-PZT(54/46) 160 31.68 ± 0.42 286.3 ± 1.3 68.32 ± 0.42 1.0511
    下载: 导出CSV
  • [1]

    Jaffe B, Roth R S, Marzullo S 1954 J. Appl. Phys. 25 809Google Scholar

    [2]

    Yan Y, Li Z, Jin L, Du H, Zhang M, Zhang D, Hao Y 2021 ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 13 38517Google Scholar

    [3]

    Li F, Lin D, Chen Z, Cheng Z, Wang J, Li C, Xu Z, Huang Q, Liao X, Chen L, Shrout T R, Zhang S 2018 Nat. Mater. 17 349Google Scholar

    [4]

    Fang Z, Tian X, Zheng F, Jiang X, Ye W, Qin Y, Wang X, Zhang Y 2022 Ceram. Int. 48 7550Google Scholar

    [5]

    Guo Q, Li F, Xia F, Gao X, Wang P, Hao H, Sun H, Liu H, Zhang S 2019 ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 11 43359Google Scholar

    [6]

    Seshadri S B, Nolan M M, Tutuncu G, Forrester J S, Sapper E, Esteves G, Granzow T, Thomas P A, Nino J C, Rojac T, Jones J L 2018 Sci. Rep. 8 4120Google Scholar

    [7]

    Gao B, Yao Z, Lai D, Guo Q, Pan W, Hao H, Cao M, Liu H 2020 J. Alloys Compd. 836 155474Google Scholar

    [8]

    Yan P, Qin Y, Xu Z, Han F, Wang Y, Wen Z, Zhang Y, Zhang S 2021 ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 13 54210Google Scholar

    [9]

    Guo Q, Hou L, Li F, Xia F, Wang P, Hao H, Sun H, Liu H, Zhang S 2019 J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 102 7428Google Scholar

    [10]

    Qin Y, Yan P, Han F, Zhang Y, Lü Z, Zhou C 2022 J. Alloys Compd. 891 161959Google Scholar

    [11]

    Li C, Xu B, Lin D, Zhang S, Bellaiche L, Shrout T R, Li F 2020 Phys. Rev. B 101 140102Google Scholar

    [12]

    Peng G, Zheng D, Cheng C, Zhang J, Zhang H 2017 J Alloys Compd. 693 1250Google Scholar

    [13]

    Cheng C, Zheng D Y, Peng G G, Hu S M, Zhang H, Zhang J 2016 J. Mater. Sci. 28 1624Google Scholar

    [14]

    Kim T Y, Jang H M 2000 Appl. Phys. Lett. 77 3824Google Scholar

    [15]

    Garcia-Zaldivar O, Pelaiz-Barranco A, Guerra J D S, Mendoza M E, Calderon-Pinar F, Hall D A 2011 Physica B 406 1622Google Scholar

    [16]

    Pandey A H, Gupta S M 2020 Mater. Sci. Eng., B 253 114495Google Scholar

    [17]

    Damjanovic D 2005 J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 88 2663Google Scholar

    [18]

    Li Z, Thong H C, Zhang Y F, Xu Z, Zhou Z, Liu Y X, Cheng Y Y S, Wang S H, Zhao C, Chen F, Bi K, Han B, Wang K 2021 Adv. Funct. Mater. 31 2005012Google Scholar

    [19]

    Keeble D J, Singh S, Mackie R A, Morozov M, McGuire S, Damjanovic D 2007 Phys. Rev. B 76 144109Google Scholar

    [20]

    Asoka-Kumar P, Alatalo M, Ghosh V J, Kruseman A C, Nielsen B, Lynn K G 1996 Phys. Rev. Lett. 77 2097Google Scholar

    [21]

    熊涛, 高传波, 陈祥磊, 周先意, 翁惠民, 曹方宇, 叶邦角, 韩荣典, 杜淮江 2009 物理学报 58 6946Google Scholar

    Xiong T, Gao C B, Chen X L, Zhou X Y, Weng H M, Cao F Y, Ye B J, Han R D, Du H J 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 6946Google Scholar

    [22]

    Qin M, Gao F, Cizek J, Yang S, Fan X, Zhao L, Xu J, Dong G, Reece M, Yan H 2019 Acta Mater. 164 76Google Scholar

    [23]

    Chakrabarti M, Bhowmick D, Sarkar A, Chattopadhyay S, Dechoudhury S, Sanyal D, Chakrabarti A 2005 J. Mater. Sci. 40 5265Google Scholar

    [24]

    Čížek J, Melikhova O, Procházka I, Kuriplach J, Kužel R, Brauer G, Anwand W, Konstantinova T E, Danilenko I A 2010 Phys. Rev. B 81 024116Google Scholar

    [25]

    Li K, Sun E, Zhang Y, Song Z, Qi X, Sun Y, Li J, Yang B, Liu J, Cao W 2021 J. Mater. Chem. C 9 2426Google Scholar

    [26]

    Bellaiche L, Íñiguez J, Cockayne E, Burton B P 2007 Phys. Rev. B 75 014111Google Scholar

    [27]

    Zhu W, Fujii I, Ren W, Trolier-McKinstry S 2012 J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 95 2906Google Scholar

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目录
计量
  • 文章访问数:  1962
  • PDF下载量:  142
  • 被引次数: 0
出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2023-11-28
  • 修回日期:  2024-01-03
  • 上网日期:  2024-01-24
  • 刊出日期:  2024-04-05

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