Influence of tropopause height on inversion of greenhouse gas column concentration in Lhasa, China

Liu Dan-Dan; Huang Yin-Bo; Sun Yu-Song; Lu Xing-Ji; Cao Zhen-Song

doi:10.7498/aps.69.20191431

Abstract

The tropopause, as a transition layer between the troposphere and the stratosphere, has a significant influence on the inversion of trace gas concentration. Theoretical analysis of the influence of tropopause on the vertical distribution of atmospheric molecular content, combined with Lhasa observation data, is presented, and the quantitative analysis of the influence of tropopause on the inversion of column-averaged dry air mole fractions (DMFs) is given as well. The comparison results show that the tropopause height has a great influence on the inversion results. First, its height variation has a little effect on XH₂O, but it has a great influence on XCO₂, XCH₄ and XCO. The XCO₂ and XCH₄ have positive correlation with tropopause height variation, but for XCO, negative correlation with the tropopause height variation is observed. The correlation coefficient of XCO₂, XCH₄ and XCO are 0.998, 0.78 and 0.994, respectively. When the tropopause height is varied by 3 km, XCO₂, XCH₄ and XCO are varied by 8.64%、0.0354% and 0.0488%, respectively. The column-averaged dry air mole water vapor, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and methane in Lhasa are observed based on ground-based Fourier transform infrared spectrometer EM27/SUN. The time series of XH₂O, XCO₂, XCH₄ and XCO in a period from August 6 to August 16, 2018 in Lhasa were obtained. The main achievements are as follows. In the observation period, the daily average value of XH₂O, XCO₂, XCH₄ and XCO vary between 3432 and 4287 ppmv, 406.1 and 408.2 ppmv, 1.673 and 1.720 ppmv, and 0.082 and 0.095 ppmv, respectively. The average value of XH₂O, XCO₂, XCH₄ and XCO are 3919.70, 406.887, 1.689, and 0.091 ppmv, res[ectively. Comparison between XCO₂ and XCH₄ time series shows that XCO₂ and XCH₄ time series have similar daily trends, the correlation coefficient between XCO₂ and XCH₄ time serires is higher than 0.5. In particular, the correlation coefficient reached about 0.86 on August 7, 8, 13, 2018. High correlation coefficient indicates that CO₂ and CH₄ molecules come from the same source. Compared with the WACCM simulation values, the XCO₂ and XCH₄ of the ground-based observations are small. The observation results can provide reference and first-hand direct observation data for the study of the temporal and spatial distribution of greenhouse gases in the temperate zone of the plateau in China.

Keywords:

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy /
greenhouse gases /
column-averaged dry air mole fractions /
tropopause

PACS:

82.47.Aa	(Lithium-ion batteries)
82.80.Fk	(Electrochemical methods)
43.60.Jn	(Source localization and parameter estimation)
95.75.-z	(Observation and data reduction techniques; computer modeling and simulation)

Authors and contacts

1.
Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Optics, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
2.
Science Island Branch of Graduate School, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
3.
College of Electrical and Optoelectronic Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu’an 237012, China

Corresponding author: Cao Zhen-Song, zscao@aiofm.ac.cn

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References

[1]	王鑫, 吕达仁 2007 自然科学进展 17 913 Google Scholar Wang X, Lu D R 2007 Prog. Nat. Sci. 17 913 Google Scholar
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[3]	周顺武, 杨双艳, 张人禾, 马振峰 2010 大气科学学报 33 307 Google Scholar Zhou S W, Yang S Y, Zhang R H, Ma Z F 2010 Trans. Atmos. Sci. 33 307 Google Scholar
[4]	田红瑛, 田文寿, 雒佳丽, 张杰, 杨琴, 黄倩 2014 高原气象 33 1 Google Scholar Tian H Y, Tian W S, Luo J L, Zhang J, Yang Q, Huang Q 2014 Plateau Meteorol. 33 1 Google Scholar
[5]	王敏仲, 魏文寿, 何清, 杨莲梅, 程玉景 2012 高原气象 31 1203 Wang M Z, Wei W S, He Q, Yang L M, Cheng Y J 2012 Plateau Meteorol. 31 1203
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[7]	周秀骥, 李维亮, 陈隆勋, 刘煜 2004 气象学报 62 513 Zhou X J, Li W L, Chen L X, Liu Y 2004 Acta Meteorol. Sin. 62 513
[8]	薛志航, 邓创, 孙一 2018 成都信息工程大学学报 33 464 Xue Z H, Deng C, Sun Y 2018 J. Chengdu Univ. Inf. Technol. 33 464
[9]	Guo D, Su Y C, Shi C H, Xu J J, Powell A M 2015 J. Atmos Sol. Terr. Phys. 130 127
[10]	Wunch D, Toon G C, Wennberg P O 2010 Atmos. Meas. Tech. 8 2
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[13]	田园, 孙友文, 谢品华, 刘诚, 刘文清, 刘建国, 李昂, 胡仁志, 王薇, 曾议 2015 物理学报 64 070704 Google Scholar Tian Y, Sun Y W, Xie P H, Liu C, Liu W Q, Liu J G, Li A, Hu R Z, Wang W, Zeng Y 2015 Acta Phys. Sin. 64 070704 Google Scholar
[14]	单昌功, 刘诚, 王薇, 孙友文, 刘文清, 田园, 杨维 2017 光谱学与光谱分析 37 1997 Shan C G, Liu C, Wang W, Sun Y W, Liu W Q, Tian Y, Yang W 2017 Spectrosc. Spect. Anal. 37 1997
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[17]	Wunch D, Toon G C, Wennberg P Q, et al. 2010 Atmos. Meas. Tech. 3 1351 Google Scholar
[18]	Frey M, Hase F, Blumenstock T, Gross J, Kiel M, Tsidu G M, Schafer K, Sha M K, Orphal J 2015 Atmos. Meas. Tech. 8 3047 Google Scholar
[19]	Hase F, Drouin B J, Roehl C M, et al. 2013 Atmos. Meas. Tech. 6 3527 Google Scholar
[20]	Zhou Min Q, Langerock B, Wells K C, et al. 2019 Atmos. Meas. Tech. 12 1393 Google Scholar

Cited By

期刊类型引用(4)

1.	李晓杰，喻云泰，张志文，董小瑞. 基于电化学老化衰退模型的锂离子动力电池外特性. 物理学报. 2022(03): 345-353 . 百度学术
2.	王义军，左雪. 锂离子电池荷电状态估算方法及其应用场景综述. 电力系统自动化. 2022(14): 193-207 . 百度学术
3.	邓佳敏，邹金慧，郑绪东，李志强，汤建国. 加热烟草制品(HTPs)烟具的电池管理系统(BMS)综述. 中国烟草学报. 2020(03): 15-23 . 百度学术
4.	邓佳敏，邹金慧，郑绪东，李志强，汤建国. 低温卷烟加热装置电源能效管控系统. 信息技术. 2019(09): 34-38+43 . 百度学术

其他类型引用(10)

图 1 (a) 观测站点位置(拉萨市气象局); (b) 观测设备(傅里叶变换光谱仪, EM27/SUN)

Figure 1. (a) Observing site (Lhasa meteorological bureau); (b) FTIR spectrometer (EM27/SUN).

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 2 不同对流层顶高度下的H₂O (a), HDO (b), CO₂ (c), CH₄ (d), CO (e), N₂O (f), HF (g)及O₂ (h)廓线

Figure 2. The profiles of H₂O (a), HDO (b), CO₂ (c), CH₄ (d), CO (e), N₂O (f), HF (g) and O₂ (h) at different heights of top troposphere

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 3 XH₂O (a), (e), XCO₂ (b), (f), XCH₄ (c), (g)及XCO (d), (h)日变化随对流层顶高度的变化

Figure 3. The diurnal variation of XH₂O (a), (e), XCO₂ (b), (f), XCH₄ (c), (g) and XCO (d), (h) with tropopause height.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 4 (a) CO₂, (b) CH₄及(c) CO平均摩尔分数与对流层顶的线性拟合

Figure 4. Linear fit of the average mole fraction of CO₂ (a), CH₄ (b) and CO (c) to the top of the troposphere.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 5 XH₂O (a), XCO₂ (b), XCH₄ (c), XCO (d)的日平均序列

Figure 5. Time series of XH₂O (a), XCO₂ (b), XCH₄ (c)and XCO (d).

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 6 2018年8月7日、8日 XCO₂ (a), (b), XCH₄ (c), (d)时间序列

Figure 6. Time series of XCO₂ (a), (b)and XCH₄ (c), (d)at August 7, 8, 2018.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 7 XCO₂与XCH₄相关性　(a) 2018-08-6; (b) 2018-08-7; (c) 2018-08-8; (d) 2018-08-10; (e) 2018-08-12; (f) 2018-08-13; (g) 2018-08-14; (h) 2018-08-16

Figure 7. The correlation between XCO₂ and XCH₄:　(a) August 6, 2018; (b) August 7, 2018; (c) August 8, 2018; (d) August 10, 2018

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 8 2018年8月6日—16日72 h后向轨迹图　(a) 2018年8月4—6日; (b) 2018年8月7—9日; (c) 2018年8月10—12日; (d) 2018年8月14—16日

Figure 8. 72-hour back trajectories of Lhasa during August 6—16, 2018:　(a) August 4-6, 2018; (b) August 7-9, 2018; (c) August 10-12, 2018; (d) August 14-16, 2018

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 9 地基观测XCO₂ (a), XCH₄ (b)日平均值与WACCM数据对比

Figure 9. Comparison of XCO₂ (a) and XCH₄ (b) based on ground-based observations and WACCM data.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

表 1 反演波段

Table 1. Inversion band.

气体种类反演波段干扰分子

H₂O 8353.4—8463.1 CH₄
CO₂ 6173.0—6390.0 H₂O, HDO, CH₄
CH₄ 5897.0—6145.0 H₂O
CO 4208.7—4318.8 CH₄, H₂O, HDO
O₂ 7765.0—8005.0 H₂O, HF, CO₂

DownLoad: CSV

[1]	王鑫, 吕达仁 2007 自然科学进展 17 913 Google Scholar Wang X, Lu D R 2007 Prog. Nat. Sci. 17 913 Google Scholar
[2]	洪健昌, 郭建平, 杜军, 王鹏祥 2016 气象学报 74 827 Hong J C, Guo J P, Du J, Wang P X 2016 Acta Meteorol. Sin. 74 827
[3]	周顺武, 杨双艳, 张人禾, 马振峰 2010 大气科学学报 33 307 Google Scholar Zhou S W, Yang S Y, Zhang R H, Ma Z F 2010 Trans. Atmos. Sci. 33 307 Google Scholar
[4]	田红瑛, 田文寿, 雒佳丽, 张杰, 杨琴, 黄倩 2014 高原气象 33 1 Google Scholar Tian H Y, Tian W S, Luo J L, Zhang J, Yang Q, Huang Q 2014 Plateau Meteorol. 33 1 Google Scholar
[5]	王敏仲, 魏文寿, 何清, 杨莲梅, 程玉景 2012 高原气象 31 1203 Wang M Z, Wei W S, He Q, Yang L M, Cheng Y J 2012 Plateau Meteorol. 31 1203
[6]	杨双艳, 周顺武, 张人禾, 吴萍, 李慧, 马振峰 2012 大气科学学报 35 438 Google Scholar Yang S Y, Zhou S W, Zhang R H, Wu P, Li H, Ma Z F 2012 Trans. Atmos. Sci. 35 438 Google Scholar
[7]	周秀骥, 李维亮, 陈隆勋, 刘煜 2004 气象学报 62 513 Zhou X J, Li W L, Chen L X, Liu Y 2004 Acta Meteorol. Sin. 62 513
[8]	薛志航, 邓创, 孙一 2018 成都信息工程大学学报 33 464 Xue Z H, Deng C, Sun Y 2018 J. Chengdu Univ. Inf. Technol. 33 464
[9]	Guo D, Su Y C, Shi C H, Xu J J, Powell A M 2015 J. Atmos Sol. Terr. Phys. 130 127
[10]	Wunch D, Toon G C, Wennberg P O 2010 Atmos. Meas. Tech. 8 2
[11]	Hase F, Hannigan J W, Coffey M T, Goldman A, Hopfner M, Jones N B, Rinsland C P, Wood S W 2004 J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer 87 25 Google Scholar
[12]	单昌功, 王薇, 刘诚, 徐兴伟, 孙友文, 田园, 刘文清 2017 物理学报 66 220204 Google Scholar Shan C G, Wang W, Liu C, Xu X W, Sun Y W, Tian Y, Liu W Q 2017 Acta Phys. Sin. 66 220204 Google Scholar
[13]	田园, 孙友文, 谢品华, 刘诚, 刘文清, 刘建国, 李昂, 胡仁志, 王薇, 曾议 2015 物理学报 64 070704 Google Scholar Tian Y, Sun Y W, Xie P H, Liu C, Liu W Q, Liu J G, Li A, Hu R Z, Wang W, Zeng Y 2015 Acta Phys. Sin. 64 070704 Google Scholar
[14]	单昌功, 刘诚, 王薇, 孙友文, 刘文清, 田园, 杨维 2017 光谱学与光谱分析 37 1997 Shan C G, Liu C, Wang W, Sun Y W, Liu W Q, Tian Y, Yang W 2017 Spectrosc. Spect. Anal. 37 1997
[15]	Kiel M, Hase F, Blumenstock T, Kirner O 2016 Atmos. Meas. Tech. 9 2223 Google Scholar
[16]	Hase F, Frey M, Blumenstock T, Groß J, Kiel M, Mengistu Tsidu G, Schäfer K, Sha M K, Orphal J 2015 Atmos. Meas. Tech. 8 3059 Google Scholar
[17]	Wunch D, Toon G C, Wennberg P Q, et al. 2010 Atmos. Meas. Tech. 3 1351 Google Scholar
[18]	Frey M, Hase F, Blumenstock T, Gross J, Kiel M, Tsidu G M, Schafer K, Sha M K, Orphal J 2015 Atmos. Meas. Tech. 8 3047 Google Scholar
[19]	Hase F, Drouin B J, Roehl C M, et al. 2013 Atmos. Meas. Tech. 6 3527 Google Scholar
[20]	Zhou Min Q, Langerock B, Wells K C, et al. 2019 Atmos. Meas. Tech. 12 1393 Google Scholar

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期刊类型引用(4)

1.	李晓杰，喻云泰，张志文，董小瑞. 基于电化学老化衰退模型的锂离子动力电池外特性. 物理学报. 2022(03): 345-353 . 百度学术
2.	王义军，左雪. 锂离子电池荷电状态估算方法及其应用场景综述. 电力系统自动化. 2022(14): 193-207 . 百度学术
3.	邓佳敏，邹金慧，郑绪东，李志强，汤建国. 加热烟草制品(HTPs)烟具的电池管理系统(BMS)综述. 中国烟草学报. 2020(03): 15-23 . 百度学术
4.	邓佳敏，邹金慧，郑绪东，李志强，汤建国. 低温卷烟加热装置电源能效管控系统. 信息技术. 2019(09): 34-38+43 . 百度学术

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