Nonsequential double ionization of atoms driven by spatially inhomogeneous laser fields

Li Ying-Bin; Zhang Ke; Chen Hong-Mei; Kang Shuai-Jie; Li Zheng-Fa; Cheng Jian-Guo; Wu Yin-Meng; Zhai Chun-Yang; Tang Qing-Bin; Xu Jing-Kun; Yu Ben-Hai

doi:10.7498/aps.72.20230548

Abstract

Using a three-dimensional classical ensemble method, we investigate the nonsequential double ionization (NSDI) of xenon atoms from the near infrared wavelength to the mid-infrared wavelength in spatially inhomogeneous laser fields, and compare the results with those from spatially homogeneous laser fields. The results show that the NSDI probability curves from spatially inhomogeneous laser field and spatially homogeneous laser field at short wavelength are similar to each other. With the laser wavelength increasing, NSDI at the high intensities is more and more suppressed for spatially inhomogeneous laser field.Compared with the result from the spatially homogeneous laser field, the final emission angle of two electrons from the NSDI exhibits a very strongly correlated characteristic in the spatially inhomogeneous field, especially at a longer laser wavelength, the final emission angles of two electrons are almost both concentrated around ${0^\circ }$, meaning that the two electrons are always emitted into the same direction parallelly. Moreover, effective recollision of the NSDI is always dominated by first return of the first electron from the near infrared to the mid-infrared inhomogeneous laser fields, however, the transition from the first return dominance to the second return dominance occurs in the spatially homogeneous laser fields. Further, we reveal the more details of the ultrafast dynamics of the correlated electrons in the spatially inhomogeneous laser field by back-tracing the classical trajectories of NSDI.

Keywords:

Authors and contacts

College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China

Corresponding author: Xu Jing-Kun, 2777394244@qq.com ; Yu Ben-Hai, hnyubenhai@163. com

Funds: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 12004323, 12074329, 12247208, 12104389) and the Nanhu Scholars Program for Young Scholars of Xinyang Normal University, China.

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References

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Cited By

图 1 对于不同波长, 空间非均匀激光场 (蓝色方块) 和空间均匀激光场 (红色圆圈) 下DI产率随激光强度的变化　(a) 800 nm; (b) 1600 nm; (c) 3200 nm; (d) 4800 nm

Figure 1. Probabilities of DI as a function of laser intensity for the spatially inhomogeneous (blue squares) and spatially homogeneous (red circles) laser fields at different wavelengths: (a) 800 nm; (b) 1600 nm; (c) 3200 nm; (d) 4800 nm.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 2 空间非均匀激光场和空间均匀激光场中返回电子在碰撞前 0.03T 的动能与再碰撞时间的关系 (激光强度均为4×10¹³ W/cm²)　(a)—(d) ε = 0.003; (e)—(h) ε = 0

Figure 2. Kinetic energy of the returning electron before the recollision 0.03T vs. the recollision time for the spatially inhomogeneous and spatially homogeneous laser fields (Laser intensities are both 4×10¹³ W/cm²): (a)–(d) ε = 0.003; (e)–(h) ε = 0.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 3 关联电子对在激光脉冲结束时的发射角分布　(a)—(d) 空间非均匀激光场; (e)—(h) 空间均匀激光场

Figure 3. Distribution of the emitting angle between the correlated electron pairs at the end of the laser pulses: (a)–(d) Spatially inhomogeneous laser fields; (e)–(h) spatially homogeneous laser fields.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 4 空间非均匀激光场和空间均匀激光场下末态电子的横向动量和纵向动量分布 (激光波长均为4800 nm)　(a) ε = 0.003; (b) ε = 0

Figure 4. Transverse and longitudinal momentum distributions of final state electrons for the spatially inhomogeneous and spatially homogeneous laser fields (Laser wavelengths are both 4800 nm): (a) ε = 0.003; (b) ε = 0.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 5 空间非均匀激光场和空间均匀激光场下飞行时间 (a), (c)及时间延迟 (b), (d)的统计分布　(a), (b) ε = 0.003; (c), (d) ε = 0 (图(b), (d)中竖直实线对应0.25个光周期)

Figure 5. Distributions of travel time (a), (c) and time delay (b), (d) for the spatially inhomogeneous and spatially homogeneous laser fields: (a), (b) ε = 0.003; (c), (d) ε = 0 (Vertical solid line in panels (b) and (d) corresponds to 0.25 cycles).

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 6 电子沿z轴正方向 (红线) 和负方向 (蓝线) 电离的演化轨迹. 1st, 2nd和3rd分别代表电子第1次、第2次和第3次返回母离子核, 黑色虚线代表原点处振荡的激光电场　(a), (b) 对应的激光波长分别为 800 nm和3200 nm, 激光强度均为4×10¹³ W/cm²

Figure 6. Evolution trajectories of electron ionization along positive z direction (red lines) and the negative z direction (blue lines). 1st, 2nd and 3rd represent the first, second and third return of the electrons to the parent ion core. The black dashed lines show the oscillating laser electric field at the origin: (a), (b) Correspond to wavelengths of 800 nm and 3200 nm, respectively and the laser intensities are both 4×10¹³ W/cm².

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 7 (a), (b)两个电子与母离子核的距离随时间的演化; (c), (d)两个电子沿z轴的速度随时间的演化; (a), (c) 沿z轴负方向电离并发生一次返回的电子运动轨迹; (b), (d) 沿z轴负方向电离发生二次返回的电子运动轨迹

Figure 7. (a), (b) Distance of two electrons from the parent ion core as a function of time; (c), (d) velocity of two electrons along the z direction as a function of time; (a), (c) trajectory of electron ionization along negative z direction with one return; (b), (d) trajectory of electron ionization along negative z direction with secondary return.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

[1]	Lein M, Hay N, Velotta R, Marangos J P, Knight P L 2002 Phys. Rev. Lett. 88 183903 Google Scholar
[2]	Ghimire S, Reis D A 2019 Nat. Phys. 15 10
[3]	Yang B, Schafer K J, Walker B, Kulander K C, Agostini P, DiMauro L F 1993 Phys. Rev. Lett. 71 3770 Google Scholar
[4]	Milošević D B, Paulus G G, Becker W 2003 Opt. Express 11 1418 Google Scholar
[5]	Busuladi M, Gazibegovi-Busuladi A, Miloevi D B, Becker W 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett. 100 203003 Google Scholar
[6]	He M R, Li Y, Zhou Y M, Li M, Cao W, Lu P X 2018 Phys. Rev. Lett. 120 133204 Google Scholar
[7]	Zhou Y, Tolstikhin O I, Morishita T 2016 Phys. Rev. Lett. 116 173001 Google Scholar
[8]	Rudenko A, Jesus V, Ergler T, Zrost K, Ullrich J 2007 Phys. Rev. Lett. 99 263003 Google Scholar
[9]	Quan W, Hao X L, Wang Y L, Chen Y J, Yu S G, Xu S P, Xiao Z L, Sun R P, Lai X Y, Hu S L, Liu M Q, Shu Z, Wang X D, Li W D, Becker W, Liu X J, Chen J 2017 Phys. Rev. A 96 032511 Google Scholar
[10]	Huang C, Zhou Y M, Zhang Q B, Lu P X 2013 Opt. Express 21 11382 Google Scholar
[11]	Tong A H, Liao Q, Zhou Y M, Lu P X 2010 Opt. Express 18 9064 Google Scholar
[12]	Shaaran T, Augstein B B, Figueira D 2011 Phys. Rev. A 84 013429 Google Scholar
[13]	Wang Y L, Xu S P, Chen Y J, Kang H P, Lai X Y, Quan W, Liu X J, Hao X L, Li W D, Hu S L, Chen J, Becker W, Chu W, Yao J P, Zeng B, Cheng Y, Xu Z Z 2017 Phys. Rev. A 95 063415 Google Scholar
[14]	Corkum P B 1993 Phys. Rev. Lett. 71 1994 Google Scholar
[15]	Feuerstein B, Moshammer R, Fischer D, Dorn A, Schroter C D, Deipenwisch J, Crespo Lopez-Urrutia J R, Hohr C, Neumayer P, Ullrich J, Rottke H, Trump C, Wittmann M, Korn G, Sandner W 2001 Phys. Rev. Lett. 87 043003 Google Scholar
[16]	Wang Y L, Xu S P, Quan W, Gong C, Lai X Y, Hu S L, Liu M Q, Chen J, Liu X J 2016 Phys. Rev. A 94 053412 Google Scholar
[17]	Huang C, Zhong M M, Wu Z M 2016 Opt. Express 24 28361 Google Scholar
[18]	苏杰, 刘子超, 廖健颖, 李盈傧, 黄诚 2022 物理学报 71 193201 Google Scholar Su J, Liu Z C, Liao J Y, Li Y B, Huang C 2022 Acta Phys. Sin. 71 193201 Google Scholar
[19]	Herink G, Solli D R, Guide M, Ropers C 2012 Nature 483 190 Google Scholar
[20]	Ortmann L, Landsman A S 2018 Phys. Rev. A 97 023420 Google Scholar
[21]	Husakou A, Im S J, Herrmann J 2011 Phys. Rev. A 83 043839 Google Scholar
[22]	Yavuz I, Bleda E A, Altun Z, Topcu T 2012 Phys. Rev. A 85 013416 Google Scholar
[23]	Ciappina M F, Biegert J, Quidant R, Lewenstein M 2012 Phys. Rev. A 85 033828 Google Scholar
[24]	Ortmann L, Pérez-Hernández J A, Ciappina M F, Schötz J, Chacón A, Zeraouli G, Kling M F, Roso L, Lewenstein M, Landsman A S 2017 Phys. Rev. Lett. 119 053204 Google Scholar
[25]	Ciappina M F, Pérez-Hernández J, Shaaran T, Roso L, Lewenstein M 2014 Phys. Rev. A 89 013409 Google Scholar
[26]	Chacón A, Ortmann L, Cucchietti F, Suárez N, Pérez-Hernández J A, Ciappina M F, Landsman A S, Lewenstein M 2017 Appl. Phys. B 123 116 Google Scholar
[27]	Xu J K, Li Y B, Zhou Y B, Chen Y M, Li M, Yu B H, Lu P X 2022 Opt. Express 30 15951 Google Scholar
[28]	Liang J T, Zhou Y M, Liao Y J, Jiang W C, Li M, Lu P X 2022 Ultrafast Sci. 2022 9842716 Google Scholar
[29]	Ho P J, Eberly J H 2005 Phys. Rev. Lett. 95 193002 Google Scholar
[30]	Haan S L, Breen L, Karim A, Eberly J H 2006 Phys. Rev. Lett. 97 103008 Google Scholar
[31]	Li Y B, Xu J K, Yu B H, Wang X 2020 Opt. Express 28 7341 Google Scholar
[32]	Chen Z H, Su J, Zeng X, Huang X F, Li Y B, Huang C 2021 Opt. Express 29 29576 Google Scholar
[33]	Li Y B, Yu B H, Tang Q B, Wang X, Hua D Y, Tong A H, Jiang C H, Ge G X, Li Y C, Wan J G 2016 Opt. Express 24 6469 Google Scholar
[34]	Li Y B, Qin L L, Liu A H, Zhang K, Tang Q B, Zhai C Y, Xu J K, Chen S, Yu B H, Chen J 2022 Chin. Phys. Lett. 39 093201 Google Scholar
[35]	李盈傧, 秦玲玲, 陈红梅, 李怡涵, 何锦锦, 史璐珂, 翟春洋, 汤清彬, 刘爱华, 余本海 2022 物理学报 71 043201 Google Scholar Li Y B, Qin L L, Chen H M, Li Y H, He J J, Shi L K, Zhai C, Y Tang Q B, Liu A H, Yu B H 2022 Acta Phys. Sin. 71 043201 Google Scholar
[36]	Ciappina M F, Pérez-Hernández J, Shaaran T, Biegert J, Quidant R, Lewenstein M 2012 Phys. Rev. A 86 023413 Google Scholar
[37]	Wang Z, Lan P F, Luo J H, He L X, Lu P X 2013 Phys. Rev. A 88 063838 Google Scholar
[38]	Chacón A, Ciappina M F, Lewenstein M 2016 Phys. Rev. A 94 043407 Google Scholar
[39]	Gao X Z, Landsman A S, Wang H, S Huang P, Zhang Y P, Wang B, Wang Y S, Cao H B, Fu Y X, Pi L W 2021 New J. Phys. 23 113017 Google Scholar
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[41]	Chen Y K, Zhou Y M, Tan J, Li M, Cao W, Lu P X 2021 Phys. Rev. A 104 043107 Google Scholar
[42]	Li Y, Wang X, Yu B, Tang Q, Wang G, Wan J 2016 Sci. Rep. 6 37413 Google Scholar

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