噪声情况下的量子网络直接通信

马鸿洋; 秦国卿; 范兴奎; 初鹏程

doi:10.7498/aps.64.160306

摘要

提出和研究了噪声情况下的量子网络直接通信. 通信过程中所有量子节点共享多粒子Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ)量子纠缠态; 发送节点将手中共享的GHZ态的粒子作为控制比特、传输秘密信息的粒子作为目标比特, 应用控制非门(CNOT)操作; 每个接收节点将手中共享GHZ 态的粒子作为控制比特、接收到的秘密信息粒子作为目标比特, 再次应用CNOT门操作从而获得含误码的秘密信息. 每个接收节点从秘密信息中提取部分作为检测比特串, 并将剩余的秘密信息应用奇偶校验矩阵纠正其中存在的比特翻转错误, 所有接收节点获得纠正后的秘密信息. 对协议安全、吞吐效率、通信效率等进行了分析和讨论.

关键词:

Abstract

The direct communication protocol of quantum network over noisy channel is proposed and investigated in this study. In communication process, all quantum nodes share multiparticle Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ)-states. The sending node takes the GHZ-state particle in the hand as the control qubit and the particle for sending secret information as the target qubit, which carries out the CNOT gate operation for the control and target qubit. Each receiving node takes the GHZ-state particle in the hand as the control qubit and the particle of the received secret information as the target qubit, in which the CNOT gate operation is repeated to obtain the secret information that contains the bit error. Each receiving node uses the extracted part of qubits as the checking qubits, and then corrects the bit-flip errors using parity check matrix together with the rest part of qubits. As a result, all receiving nodes obtain rectified secret information. In addition to the high security analysis, this study also presents the detailed analyses of the throughput efficiency and the communication performance.

Keywords:

作者及机构信息

1.
青岛理工大学理学院, 青岛 266033;

2.
清华大学物理系, 北京 100084

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(批准号: 61173056, 11304174)资助的课题.

Authors and contacts

1.
School of Sciences, Qingdao Technological University, Qingdao 266033, China;

2.
Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China

Funds: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 61173056, 11304174).

参考文献

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施引文献

[1]	Bennett C H, Brassard G 1984 Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Computers, System and Signal Processing Bangalore, India, December 1984 pp75-179
[2]	Ekert A K 1991 Phys. Rev. Lett. 67 661
[3]	Bennett C H 1992 Phys. Rev. Lett. 68 3121
[4]	Zhou N R, Cheng H L, Tao X Y, Gong L H 2014 Quantum Inf. Process 13 513
[5]	Yan F L, Gao T 2005 Phys. Rev. A 72 012304
[6]	Ma H, Chen B, Guo Z, Li H 2008 Can. J. Phys. 86 1097
[7]	Zhang Y S, Li CF, Guo G C 2001 Phys. Rev. A 64 024302
[8]	Zhao Z, Chen Y A, Zhang A N, Yang T, Briegel H J, Pan J W 2004 Nature 430 54
[9]	Matsumoto R 2007 Phys. Rev. A 76 62316
[10]	Chen L B, Zheng C H, Ma H Y, Shan C J 2014 Opt. Commun. 328 73
[11]	Guo B H, Yang L, Xiang C, Guan C, Wu L A, Liu S H 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 130303 (in Chinese) [郭邦红, 杨理, 向憧, 关翀, 吴令安, 刘颂豪 2013 物理学报 62 130303]
[12]	Chen L B, Yang W 2014 Laser Phys. Lett. 11 105201
[13]	Zhang P, Zhou X Q, Li Z W 2014 Acta Phys. Sin. 63 130301 (in Chinese) [张沛, 周小清, 李智伟 2014 物理学报 63 130301]
[14]	Qiu T H, Yang G J 2014 Phys. Rev. A 89 052312
[15]	Zhang C M, Song X T, Treeviriyanupab P, Li M, Wang C, Li H W, Han Z F 2014 Chin. Sci. Bull. 59 2825
[16]	Su X L 2014 Chin. Sci. Bull. 59 1083
[17]	Wang C, Guo H, Ren J, Cao Y, Peng C, Liu W 2014 Sci. China: Phys. Mech. Astron. 57 1233
[18]	Gao F, Fang W, Wen Q Y 2014 Sci. China: Phys. Mech. Astron. 57 1244
[19]	Gong L H, Song H C, He C S, Liu Y, Zhou N R 2014 Phys. Scr. 89 035101
[20]	Li C Y, Zhou H Y, Wang Y, Deng F G 2005 Chin. Phys. Lett. 22 1049
[21]	Sheng Y B, Zhou L, Cheng W W, Gong L Y, Wang L, Zhao S M 2013 Chin. Phys. B 22 030314
[22]	Shor P W, Preskill J 2000 Phys. Rev. Lett. 85 441
[23]	Long G L, Liu X S 2002 Phys. Rev. A 65 032302
[24]	Boström K, Felbinger T 2002 Phys. Rev. Lett. 89 187902
[25]	Deng F G, Long G L, Liu X S 2003 Phys. Rev. A 68 042317
[26]	Deng F G, Long G L 2004 Phys. Rev. A 69 052319
[27]	Wang C, Deng F G, Li Y S, Liu X S, Long G L 2005 Phys. Rev. A 71 044305
[28]	Li X H, Zhou P, Liang Y J, Li C Y, Zhou H Y, Deng F G
[29]	Deng F G, Li X H, Li C Y, Zhou P, Zhou H Y 2006 Phys. Lett. A 359 359
[30]	Wen K, Long G L 2010 Int. J. Quantum. Info. 8 697
[31]	Zhou N R, Hua T X, Wu G T, He C S, Zhang Y 2014 Intern. J. Theor. Phys. 53 3829
[32]	Long G L, Deng F G, Wang C, Li X H, Wen K, Wang W Y
[33]	Chang Y, Xu C, Zhang S, Yan L 2014 Chin. Sci. Bull. 59 2541
[34]	Chang Y, Xu C, Zhang S, Yan L 2013 Chin. Sci. Bull. 58 4571
[35]	Zou X F, Qiu D W 2014 Sci. China: Phys Mech. Astron. 57 1696
[36]	Zheng C, Long G F 2014 Sci. China: Phys. Mech. Astron. 57 1238
[37]	Deng F G, Li X H, Li C Y, Zhou P, Liang Y J, Zhou H Y 2006 Chin. Phys. Lett. 23 1676
[38]	Hu J Y, Yu B, Jing M Y, Xiao L T, Jia S T 2015 arXiv:1503.00451
[39]	Li S, Ma H Q, Wu L A, Zhai G J 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 084214 (in Chinese) [李申, 马海强, 吴令安, 翟光杰 2013 物理学报 62 084214]
[40]	Jing J, Wu L A 2015 Sci. Bull. 60 328
[41]	Heilmann R, Gräfe M 2015 Sci. Bull. 60 96
[42]	Sheng Y B, Liu J Z, Sheng Y, Wang L, Zhou L 2014 Chin. Phys. B 23 080305
[43]	Deng F G, Long G L 2006 Commun. Theor. Phys. 46 443
[44]	Hao L, Wang C, Long G L 2010 J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 43 125502
[45]	Nebendahl V 2015 Phys. Rev. A 91 022332

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