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宽带隙钙钛矿与晶硅电池结合制备叠层太阳电池，其效率可以超越单结太阳电池的理论极限。然而，宽带隙钙钛矿薄膜结晶速率快，导致薄膜结晶质量差且具有大量缺陷，严重降低电池的光电转换性能。本文采用温和的气淬法制备宽带隙钙钛矿薄膜，并引入丙胺盐酸盐作为添加剂改善钙钛矿薄膜的结晶质量。丙胺阳离子与钙钛矿组分相互作用生成了二维钙钛矿相，钙钛矿以二维相作为生长模板降低了α相钙钛矿的形成能，同时辅助钙钛矿均匀成核和择优取向生长，增大了晶粒尺寸。使用该策略制备的带隙为1.68 eV的钙钛矿太阳电池实现了21.48%的光电转换效率。此外，制备的8×8 cm2的宽带隙钙钛矿薄膜具有良好的均匀性。本工作为高效、大面积钙钛矿基的光伏器件的制备工艺提供了新的策略。Perovskite is a material with excellent photovoltaic properties, and the efficiency of perovskite solar cells has increased rapidly in recent years. By utilizing the adjustable bandgap characteristics of perovskite materials, wide-bandgap perovskite solar cells can be combined with narrow-bandgap solar cells to prepare tandem solar cells. Tandem devices can improve the utilization of the solar spectra and achieve higher power conversion efficiency. An important prerequisite for preparing efficient photovoltaic devices is to fabricate high-quality perovskite active layers. Antisolvent-assisted spin-coating is currently a commonly used method for preparing high-quality perovskite films in the laboratory. However, the low solubility of inorganic cesium and bromine salts in the preparation of wide-bandgap perovskite thin films leads to a fast crystallization rate, poor crystallization quality and a large number of defects, seriously reducing the photovoltaic performance of the devices. In addition, the antisolvent has a narrow working window, which is not conducive to the preparation of large-area perovskite films. In this work, a mild gas quenching process was used to assist the spin-coating method for the preparation of wide-bandgap perovskite films, and propylamine hydrochloride was introduced as an additive to improve the crystallization quality and uniformity of large-area preparation of perovskite films. The interaction between the propylamine cation and the perovskite component produced a two-dimensional perovskite phase. The perovskite component used two-dimensional phases as growth templates to reduce the formation energy of α-phase perovskite, which favored uniform nucleation and preferred orientation growth of perovskite, increasing grain size and reducing grain boundaries within the film. The improvement of the crystalline quality of the perovskite film reduced the defect density inside the film and suppressed the non-radiative recombination of the photogenerated carriers. The perovskite solar cell with a bandgap of 1.68 eV prepared using this strategy achieved a power conversion efficiency of 21.48%. In addition, the 8×8 cm2 wide-bandgap perovskite films prepared by this method exhibited good uniformity. This work provides a strategy for the process development of efficient and large-area perovskite photovoltaic devices.
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Keywords:
- Wide-bandgap perovskite /
- Gas quenching /
- Propylamine hydrochloride /
- Crystallization
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