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本文探讨了有限温度下，飞秒激光脉冲诱导的分子准直现象中内在相干性度量与其准直信号之间的定量关系.针对超快非共振激光脉冲诱导分子准直问题，推导了转动体系$l_1$范数相干性度量(\(C_{l_1}(\rho)\)即密度矩阵\(\rho\)中所有非对角元素绝对值之和)与准直幅度（准直度最大值与最小值之差）之比与电场强度之间存在的定量关系，并通过对CO分子的数值模拟进行了验证.在此基础上，进一步给出了这一比值与脉冲面积之间的映射关系。本文的研究结果为实验中探测转动体系的相干性度量提供了新的思路，并为利用分子转动态进行相干性度量研究奠定了理论基础，有利于促进超快强场物理与量子信息度量之间的交叉融合.Femtosecond laser-induced excitation of molecular rotational states leads to phenomena such as alignment and orientation, which fundamentally stem from the coherence between the induced rotational states. In recent years, the quantitative study of coherence in the field of quantum information has garnered widespread attention. Different kinds of coherence measures have been proposed and investigated. This paper delves into the quantitative correlation between the intrinsic coherence measurement and the degree of molecular alignment induced by femtosecond laser pulses at finite temperatures. By examining the molecular alignment induced by ultrafast non-resonant laser pulses, the study establishes a quantitative relationship between the \(l_1\) norm coherence measure (\(C_{l_1}(\rho)\) -- the sum of the absolute values of all off-diagonal elements of the density matrix \(\rho\)) and the alignment amplitude ($\mathcal{D}\langle \cos^2 \theta \rangle$--the difference between the maximum and minimum alignment). A quadratic relationship $ C_{l_1} = (a + b\mathcal{E}^2_0)\times \mathcal{D}\langle \cos^2 \theta \rangle$ between the the \(l_1\) norm coherence measure and $\mathcal{D}\langle \cos^2 \theta \rangle$ with respect to the electric field intensity $\mathcal{E}_0$ is obtained. This relationship is validated through numerical simulations of the CO molecule and the ratio coefficients $a$ and $b$ for different temperatures are demonstrated. Furthermore, a mapping relationship between this ratio and the pulse intensity area is established. The findings of this study offer an alternative methodology for experimentally detecting the coherence measure within femtosecond laser-excited rotational systems, thereby extending the potential applicability of molecular rotational states to study the coherence measure in the field of quantum resources. This will facilitate the interdisciplinary integration of ultrafast strong-field physics and quantum information.
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Keywords:
- Coherence /
- Molecular Alignment /
- Rotational Dynamics /
- Ultrafast Pulses
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