量子信息科技的发展现状与展望

潘建伟

doi:10.7498/aps.73.20231795

摘要

20世纪初, 以原子能、半导体、激光、核磁共振、超导和全球卫星定位系统等重大技术发明为标志性成果的第一次量子革命, 促进了物质文明的巨大进步, 从根本上改变了人类的生活方式和社会面貌. 自20世纪90年代以来, 量子调控技术的巨大进步, 使得以量子信息科学为代表的量子科技突飞猛进, 标志着第二次量子革命的兴起. 量子信息科技包括量子通信、量子计算、量子精密测量等方面, 为保障信息传输安全、提高运算速度、提升测量精度等提供了革命性解决方案, 可为国家安全和国民经济高质量发展提供关键支撑. 经过近30年的发展, 我国在量子信息科技领域整体上已经实现了从跟踪、并跑到部分领跑的飞跃, 在量子通信的研究和应用方面处于国际领先地位; 在量子计算方面牢固占据国际第一方阵; 在量子精密测量的多个方向进入国际领先或先进水平. 当前, 需要根据国家战略需求和国际竞争态势, 做好未来5—10年我国在量子信息领域的发展重点研判, 率先建立下一代安全、高效、自主、可控的信息技术体系.

关键词:

Abstract

In the early decades of the 20th century, the inception of quantum mechanics catalyzed the first quantum revolution, resulting in groundbreaking technological advances, such as nuclear energy, semiconductors, lasers, nuclear magnetic resonance, superconductivity, and global satellite positioning systems. These innovations have promoted significant progress in material civilization, fundamentally changed the way of life and societal landscape of humanity. Since the 1990s, quantum control technology has made significant strides forward, ushering in a rapid evolution of quantum technologies, notably exemplified by quantum information science. This encompasses domains such as quantum communication, quantum computing, and quantum precision measurement, offering paradigm-shifting solutions for enhancing information transmission security, accelerating computational speed, and elevating measurement precision. These advances hold the potential to provide crucial underpinning for national security and the high-quality development of the national economy. The swift progression of quantum information technology heralds the advent of the second quantum revolution. Following nearly three decades of concerted efforts, China’s quantum information technology field as a whole has achieved a leap. Specifically, China presently assumes a prominent international role in both the research and practical application of quantum communication, leading the global domain in quantum computing, and achieving international preeminence or advanced standing across various facets of quantum precision measurement. Presently, it is imperative to conduct a comprehensive assessment of the developmental priorities in the realm of quantum information in China for the forthcoming 5 to 10 years, in alignment with national strategic priorities and the evolving landscape of international competition. This will enable the proactive establishment of next-generation information technology systems that are secure, efficient, autonomous, and controllable.

Keywords:

作者及机构信息

潘建伟^1,2

1.
中国科学技术大学, 合肥微尺度物质科学国家研究中心, 合肥　230026

2.
中国科学技术大学, 中国科学院量子信息与量子科技创新研究院, 合肥　230026

通信作者: 潘建伟, pan@ustc.edu.cn

Authors and contacts

Pan Jian-Wei^1,2

1.
Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China

2.
CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China

Corresponding author: Pan Jian-Wei, pan@ustc.edu.cn

文章全文 : translate this paragraph

参考文献

[1]	Bennett C H, Brassard G 1984 Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Computers, Systems, and Signal Processing Bangalore, India, December 4, 1984 pp175–179
[2]	Ekert A K 1991 Phys. Rev. Lett. 67 661 Google Scholar
[3]	Gisin N, Ribordy G, Tittel W, Zbinden H 2002 Rev. Mod. Phys. 74 145 Google Scholar
[4]	Scarani V, Bechmann-Pasquinucci H, Cerf N J, Dušek M, Lütkenhaus N, Peev M 2009 Rev. Mod. Phys. 81 1301 Google Scholar
[5]	Gisin N 2015 Front. Phys. 10 100307 Google Scholar
[6]	Pirandola S, Andersen U L, Banchi L, et al. 2020 Adv. Opt. Photonics 12 1012 Google Scholar
[7]	Bennett C H, Brassard G, Crépeau C, Jozsa R, Peres A, Wotters W K 1993 Phys. Rev. Lett. 70 1895 Google Scholar
[8]	D Bouwmeester, Pan J W, Mattle K, Eibl M, Weinfurter H, Zeilinger A 1997 Nature 390 575 Google Scholar
[9]	Boschi D, Branca S, De Martini F, Hardy L, Popescu S 1998 Phys. Rev. Lett. 80 1121 Google Scholar
[10]	Zukowski M, Zeilinger A, Horne M A, Ekert A K 1993 Phys Rev. Lett. 71 4287 Google Scholar
[11]	Pan J W, Bouwmeester D, Weinfurter H, Zeilinger A 1998 Phys. Rev. Lett. 80 3891 Google Scholar
[12]	Feynman R P 1982 Int. J. Theor. Phys. 21 467 Google Scholar
[13]	Benioff P 1980 J. Stat. Phys. 22 563 Google Scholar
[14]	Grover L K 1997 Phys. Rev. Lett. 79 325 Google Scholar
[15]	Preskill J 2018 Quantum 2 79 Google Scholar
[16]	Shor P W 1999 Siam Rev. 41 303 Google Scholar
[17]	Yin J, Cao Y, Li Y H, et al. 2017 Science 356 1140 Google Scholar
[18]	Liao S K, Cai W Q, Liu W Y, et al. 2017 Nature 549 43 Google Scholar
[19]	Ren J G, Xu P, Yong H L, et al. 2017 Nature 549 70 Google Scholar
[20]	Liao S K, Cai W Q, Handsteiner J, et al. 2018 Phys. Rev. Lett. 120 030501 Google Scholar
[21]	Xu P, Ma Y Q, Ren J G, et al. 2019 Science 366 132 Google Scholar
[22]	Chen Y A, Zhang Q, Chen T Y, et al. 2021 Nature 589 214 Google Scholar
[23]	Zhong H S, Wang H, Deng Y H, et al. 2020 Science 370 1460 Google Scholar
[24]	Madsen L S, Laudenbach F, Askarani M F, et al. 2022 Nature 606 75 Google Scholar
[25]	Zhong H S, Deng Y H, Qin J, et al. 2021 Phys. Rev. Lett. 127 180502 Google Scholar
[26]	Deng Y H, Gu Y C, Liu H L, et al. 2023 Phys. Rev. Lett. 131 150601 Google Scholar
[27]	Deng Y H, Gong S Q, Gu Y C, et al. 2023 Phys. Rev. Lett. 130 190601 Google Scholar
[28]	Gong M, Wang S, Zha C, et al. 2021 Science 372 948 Google Scholar
[29]	Wu Y L, Bao W S, Cao S, et al. 2021 Phys. Rev. Lett. 127 180501 Google Scholar
[30]	Pan F, Chen K, Zhang P 2022 Phys. Rev. Lett. 129 090502 Google Scholar
[31]	Zhang X, Jiang W J, Deng J F, et al. 2022 Nature 607 468 Google Scholar
[32]	Cao S R, Wu B J, Chen F S, et al. 2023 Nature 619 738 Google Scholar
[33]	Yang B, Sun H, Huang C J, Wang H Y, Deng Y, Dai H N, Yuan Z S, Pan J W 2020 Science 369 550 Google Scholar
[34]	Wu Z, Zhang L, Sun W, Xu X T, Wang B Z, Ji S C, Deng Y, Chen S, Liu X J, Pan J W 2016 Science 354 83 Google Scholar
[35]	Wang Z Y, Cheng X C, Wang B Z, Zhang J Y, Lu Y H, Yi C R, Niu S, Deng Y, Liu X J, Chen S, Pan J W 2021 Science 372 271 Google Scholar
[36]	Yang H, Zhang D C, Liu L, Liu Y X, Nan J, Zhao B, Pan J W 2019 Science 363 261 Google Scholar
[37]	Yang H, Wang X Y, Su Z, Cao J, Zhang D C, Rui J, Zhao B, Bai C L, Pan J W 2022 Nature 602 229 Google Scholar
[38]	Yang H, Cao J, Su Z, Rui J, Zhao B, Pan J W 2022 Science 378 1009 Google Scholar
[39]	Yang B, Sun H, Ott R, Wang H Y, Zache T V, Halimeh J C, Yuan Z S, Hauke P, Pan J W 2020 Nature 587 392 Google Scholar
[40]	Zhou Z Y, Su G X, Halimeh J C, Ott R, Sun H, Hauke P, Yang B, Yuan Z S, Berges J, Pan J W 2022 Science 377 311 Google Scholar
[41]	Li X, Luo X, Wang S, Xie K, Liu X P, Hu H, Chen Y A, Yao X C, Pan J W 2022 Science 375 528 Google Scholar
[42]	Zhang X T, Chen Y, Wu Z M, Wang J, Fan J J, Deng S J, Wu H B 2021 Science 373 1359 Google Scholar
[43]	Huang Q, Yao R X, Liang L B, Wang S, Zheng Q P, Li D P, Xiong W, Zhou X J, Chen W L, Chen X Z, Hu J Z 2021 Phys. Rev. Lett. 127 200601 Google Scholar
[44]	Jin S J, Zhang W J, Guo X X, Chen X Z, Zhou X J, Li X P 2021 Phys. Rev. Lett. 126 035301 Google Scholar
[45]	Zhang D F, Gao T Y, Zou P, Kong L R, Li R Z, Shen X, Chen X L, Peng S G, Zhan M S, Pu H, Jiang K J 2019 Phys. Rev. Lett. 122 110402 Google Scholar
[46]	Cui Y, Shen C Y, Deng M, Dong S, Chen C, Lü R, Gao B, Tey M K, You L 2017 Phys. Rev. Lett. 119 203402 Google Scholar
[47]	Deng S J, Diao P P, Li F, Yu Q L, Yu S, Wu H B 2018 Phys. Rev. Lett. 120 125301 Google Scholar
[48]	Deng S J, Shi Z Y, Diao P P, Yu Q L, Zhai H, Qi R, Wu H B 2016 Science 353 371 Google Scholar
[49]	Xie D Z, Deng T S, Xiao T, Gou W, Chen T, Yi W, Yan B 2020 Phys. Rev. Lett. 124 050502 Google Scholar
[50]	Wang P, Luan C, Qiao M, Um M, Zhang J, Wang Y, Yuan X, Gu M, Zhang J, Kim K 2021 Nat. Commun. 12 233 Google Scholar
[51]	Mei Q X, Li B W, Wu Y K, Cai M L, Wang Y, Yao L, Zhou Z C, Duan L M 2022 Phys. Rev. Lett. 128 160504 Google Scholar
[52]	Li B W, Mei Q X, Wu Y K, Cai M L, Wang Y, Yao L, Zhou Z C, Duan L M 2022 Phys Rev. Lett. 129 140501 Google Scholar
[53]	Yang H X, Ma J Y, Wu Y K, Wang Y, Cao M M, Guo W X, Huang Y Y, Feng L, Zhou Z C, Duan L M 2022 Nat. Phys. 18 1058 Google Scholar
[54]	Zhang Q, Guo Y H, Ji W T, Wang M Q, Yin J, Kong F, Lin Y H, Yin C M, Shi F Z, Wang Y, Du J F 2021 Nat. Commun. 12 1529 Google Scholar
[55]	Wang M Q, Sun H Y, Ye X Y, Yu P, Liu H Y, Zhou J W, Wang P F, Shi F Z, Wang Y, Du J F 2022 Sci. Adv. 8 eabn9573 Google Scholar
[56]	Beullens W 2022 Annual International Cryptology Conference Santa Barbara, CA, USA, August 15–18, 2022 p464
[57]	Castryck W, Decru T 2023 42nd Annual International Conference on the Theory and Applications of Cryptographic Techniques Lyon, France, April 23–27, 2023 pp423–447
[58]	Lu B K, Sun Z, Yang T, et al. 2022 Chin. Phys. Lett. 39 080601 Google Scholar
[59]	Zhang A, Xiong Z X, Chen X T, Jiang Y Y, Wang J Q, Tian C C, Zhu Q, Wang B, Xiong D Z, He L X, Ma L S, Lü B L 2022 Metrologia 59 065009 Google Scholar
[60]	Lu X T, Guo F, Wang Y B, Xu Q F, Zhou C H, Xia J J, Wu W J, Chang H 2023 Metrologia 60 015008 Google Scholar
[61]	Oelker E, Hutson R B, Kennedy C J, Sonderhouse L, Bothwell T, Goban A, Kedar D, Sanner C, Robinson J M, Marti G E, Matei D G, Legero T, Giunta M, Holzwarth R, Riehle F, Sterr U, Ye J 2019 Nat. Photon. 13 714 Google Scholar
[62]	Bothwell T, Kennedy C J, Aeppli A, Kedar D, Robinson J M, Oelker E, Staron A, Ye J 2022 Nature 602 420 Google Scholar
[63]	Takamoto M, Ushijima I, Ohmae N, Yahagi T, Kokado K, Shinkai H, Katori H 2020 Nat. Photon. 14 411 Google Scholar
[64]	Ohmae N, Takamoto M, Takahashi Y, et al. 2021 Advanced Quantum Technologies 4 2100015
[65]	Shen Q, Guan J Y, Ren J G, et al. 2022 Nature 610 661 Google Scholar
[66]	Fan W F, Quan W, Liu F, et al. 2019 Chinese Phys. B 28 110701 Google Scholar
[67]	Yang Y H, Chen D Y, Jin W, Quan W, Liu F, Fang J C 2019 IEEE Access 7 148176 Google Scholar
[68]	Xie H T, Chen B, Long J B, Xue C, Chen L K, Chen S 2020 Chin. Phys. B 29 093701 Google Scholar
[69]	Chen B, Long J B, Xie H T, Li C Y, Chen L K, Jiang B N, Chen S 2020 Chin. Opt. Lett. 18 090201 Google Scholar
[70]	吴彬, 周寅, 程冰, 朱栋, 王凯楠, 朱欣欣, 陈佩军, 翁堪兴, 杨秋海, 林佳宏, 张凯军, 王河林, 林强 2020 物理学报 69 060302 Google Scholar Wu B, Zhou Y, Cheng B, Zhu D, Wang K N, Zhu X X, Chen P J, Weng K X, Yang Q H, Lin J H, Zhang K J, Wang H L, Lin Q 2020 Acta Phys. Sin. 69 060302 Google Scholar
[71]	Xie T Y, Zhao Z Y, Kong X, Ma W C, Wang M Q, Ye X Y, Yu P, Yang Z P, Xu S Y, Wang P F, Wang Y, Shi F Z, Du J F 2021 Sci. Adv. 7 eabg9204 Google Scholar
[72]	Wei K, Zhao T, Fang X J, Xu Z T, Liu C, Cao Q, Wickenbrock A, Hu Y H, Ji W, Fang J C, Budker D 2023 Phys. Rev. Lett. 130 063201 Google Scholar
[73]	Li Z P, Ye J T, Huang X, Jiang P Y, Cao Y, Hong Y, Yu C, Zhang J, Zhang Q, Peng C Z, Xu F, Pan J W 2021 Optica 8 344 Google Scholar
[74]	Wang B, Zheng M Y, Han J J, Huang X, Xie X P, Xu F, Zhang Q, Pan J W 2021 Phys. Rev. Lett. 127 053602 Google Scholar
[75]	Xia T Y, Sun W W, Ebser S, Jiang W, Yang G M, Zhu H M, Fu Y C, Huang F, Ming G D, Xia T, Lu Z T 2023 Nat. Phys. 19 904 Google Scholar
[76]	Xu J Y, Zhu X, Tan S J, Zhang Y, Li B, Tian Y Z, Shan H, Cui X F, Zhao A D, Dong Z C, Yang J L, Luo Y, Wang B, Hou J G 2021 Science 371 818 Google Scholar
[77]	H.R.6227–National Quantum Initiative Act, Smith L https://www.congress.gov/bill/115th-congress/house-bill/6227/text [2018-12-21
[78]	H.R.4346–Chips and Science Act, Ryan T https://www.congress.gov/bill/117th-congress/house-bill/4346 [2021-07-01
[79]	Quantum Technologies Flagship, European Commission https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/quantum-technologies-flagship [2021-10-29
[80]	Space-based Secure Connectivity Initiative, European Commission https://ec.europa.eu/info/law/better-regulation/have-your-say/initiahtives/13189-EU-space-policy-space-based-secure-connectivity-initiative_en [2021-08-26
[81]	Handlungskonzept Quantentechnologien, der Bundesregierung https://qbn.world/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Action-Plan-Quantum-Technologies-by-German-Government-2023-2026.pdf [2023-04-26
[82]	French Research at the Heart of the Quantum Plan, Felix S https://news.cnrs.fr/articles/french-research-at-the-heart-of-the-quantum-plan [2021-02-17
[83]	National Quantum Strategy, GOV. UK https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/national-quantum-strategy/national-quantum-strategy-accessible-webpage [2023-12-14
[84]	Arute F, Arya K, Babbush R, et al. 2019 Nature 574 505 Google Scholar
[85]	Zhao Y W, Ye Y S, Huang H L, et al. 2022 Phys. Rev. Lett. 129 030501 Google Scholar
[86]	Ni Z C, Li S, Deng X W, Cai Y Y, Zhang L B, Wang W T, Yang Z B, Yu H F, Yan F, Liu S, Zou C L, Sun L Y, Zheng S B, Xu Y, Yu D P 2023 Nature 616 56 Google Scholar

施引文献

图 1 量子计算的3个发展阶段

Fig. 1. Three steps of achieving universal quantum computing.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 “九章”系列光量子计算原型机

Fig. 2. “Jiuzhang” series photonics quantum computing prototype.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 “祖冲之”系列超导量子计算原型机

Fig. 3. “Zuchongzhi” series superconducting quantum computing prototype.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 我国在国际上首次实现百公里级自由空间时间频率传递^[65]

Fig. 4. Free-space dissemination of time and frequency with 10^–19 instability over 113 km^[65].

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

[1]	Bennett C H, Brassard G 1984 Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Computers, Systems, and Signal Processing Bangalore, India, December 4, 1984 pp175–179
[2]	Ekert A K 1991 Phys. Rev. Lett. 67 661 Google Scholar
[3]	Gisin N, Ribordy G, Tittel W, Zbinden H 2002 Rev. Mod. Phys. 74 145 Google Scholar
[4]	Scarani V, Bechmann-Pasquinucci H, Cerf N J, Dušek M, Lütkenhaus N, Peev M 2009 Rev. Mod. Phys. 81 1301 Google Scholar
[5]	Gisin N 2015 Front. Phys. 10 100307 Google Scholar
[6]	Pirandola S, Andersen U L, Banchi L, et al. 2020 Adv. Opt. Photonics 12 1012 Google Scholar
[7]	Bennett C H, Brassard G, Crépeau C, Jozsa R, Peres A, Wotters W K 1993 Phys. Rev. Lett. 70 1895 Google Scholar
[8]	D Bouwmeester, Pan J W, Mattle K, Eibl M, Weinfurter H, Zeilinger A 1997 Nature 390 575 Google Scholar
[9]	Boschi D, Branca S, De Martini F, Hardy L, Popescu S 1998 Phys. Rev. Lett. 80 1121 Google Scholar
[10]	Zukowski M, Zeilinger A, Horne M A, Ekert A K 1993 Phys Rev. Lett. 71 4287 Google Scholar
[11]	Pan J W, Bouwmeester D, Weinfurter H, Zeilinger A 1998 Phys. Rev. Lett. 80 3891 Google Scholar
[12]	Feynman R P 1982 Int. J. Theor. Phys. 21 467 Google Scholar
[13]	Benioff P 1980 J. Stat. Phys. 22 563 Google Scholar
[14]	Grover L K 1997 Phys. Rev. Lett. 79 325 Google Scholar
[15]	Preskill J 2018 Quantum 2 79 Google Scholar
[16]	Shor P W 1999 Siam Rev. 41 303 Google Scholar
[17]	Yin J, Cao Y, Li Y H, et al. 2017 Science 356 1140 Google Scholar
[18]	Liao S K, Cai W Q, Liu W Y, et al. 2017 Nature 549 43 Google Scholar
[19]	Ren J G, Xu P, Yong H L, et al. 2017 Nature 549 70 Google Scholar
[20]	Liao S K, Cai W Q, Handsteiner J, et al. 2018 Phys. Rev. Lett. 120 030501 Google Scholar
[21]	Xu P, Ma Y Q, Ren J G, et al. 2019 Science 366 132 Google Scholar
[22]	Chen Y A, Zhang Q, Chen T Y, et al. 2021 Nature 589 214 Google Scholar
[23]	Zhong H S, Wang H, Deng Y H, et al. 2020 Science 370 1460 Google Scholar
[24]	Madsen L S, Laudenbach F, Askarani M F, et al. 2022 Nature 606 75 Google Scholar
[25]	Zhong H S, Deng Y H, Qin J, et al. 2021 Phys. Rev. Lett. 127 180502 Google Scholar
[26]	Deng Y H, Gu Y C, Liu H L, et al. 2023 Phys. Rev. Lett. 131 150601 Google Scholar
[27]	Deng Y H, Gong S Q, Gu Y C, et al. 2023 Phys. Rev. Lett. 130 190601 Google Scholar
[28]	Gong M, Wang S, Zha C, et al. 2021 Science 372 948 Google Scholar
[29]	Wu Y L, Bao W S, Cao S, et al. 2021 Phys. Rev. Lett. 127 180501 Google Scholar
[30]	Pan F, Chen K, Zhang P 2022 Phys. Rev. Lett. 129 090502 Google Scholar
[31]	Zhang X, Jiang W J, Deng J F, et al. 2022 Nature 607 468 Google Scholar
[32]	Cao S R, Wu B J, Chen F S, et al. 2023 Nature 619 738 Google Scholar
[33]	Yang B, Sun H, Huang C J, Wang H Y, Deng Y, Dai H N, Yuan Z S, Pan J W 2020 Science 369 550 Google Scholar
[34]	Wu Z, Zhang L, Sun W, Xu X T, Wang B Z, Ji S C, Deng Y, Chen S, Liu X J, Pan J W 2016 Science 354 83 Google Scholar
[35]	Wang Z Y, Cheng X C, Wang B Z, Zhang J Y, Lu Y H, Yi C R, Niu S, Deng Y, Liu X J, Chen S, Pan J W 2021 Science 372 271 Google Scholar
[36]	Yang H, Zhang D C, Liu L, Liu Y X, Nan J, Zhao B, Pan J W 2019 Science 363 261 Google Scholar
[37]	Yang H, Wang X Y, Su Z, Cao J, Zhang D C, Rui J, Zhao B, Bai C L, Pan J W 2022 Nature 602 229 Google Scholar
[38]	Yang H, Cao J, Su Z, Rui J, Zhao B, Pan J W 2022 Science 378 1009 Google Scholar
[39]	Yang B, Sun H, Ott R, Wang H Y, Zache T V, Halimeh J C, Yuan Z S, Hauke P, Pan J W 2020 Nature 587 392 Google Scholar
[40]	Zhou Z Y, Su G X, Halimeh J C, Ott R, Sun H, Hauke P, Yang B, Yuan Z S, Berges J, Pan J W 2022 Science 377 311 Google Scholar
[41]	Li X, Luo X, Wang S, Xie K, Liu X P, Hu H, Chen Y A, Yao X C, Pan J W 2022 Science 375 528 Google Scholar
[42]	Zhang X T, Chen Y, Wu Z M, Wang J, Fan J J, Deng S J, Wu H B 2021 Science 373 1359 Google Scholar
[43]	Huang Q, Yao R X, Liang L B, Wang S, Zheng Q P, Li D P, Xiong W, Zhou X J, Chen W L, Chen X Z, Hu J Z 2021 Phys. Rev. Lett. 127 200601 Google Scholar
[44]	Jin S J, Zhang W J, Guo X X, Chen X Z, Zhou X J, Li X P 2021 Phys. Rev. Lett. 126 035301 Google Scholar
[45]	Zhang D F, Gao T Y, Zou P, Kong L R, Li R Z, Shen X, Chen X L, Peng S G, Zhan M S, Pu H, Jiang K J 2019 Phys. Rev. Lett. 122 110402 Google Scholar
[46]	Cui Y, Shen C Y, Deng M, Dong S, Chen C, Lü R, Gao B, Tey M K, You L 2017 Phys. Rev. Lett. 119 203402 Google Scholar
[47]	Deng S J, Diao P P, Li F, Yu Q L, Yu S, Wu H B 2018 Phys. Rev. Lett. 120 125301 Google Scholar
[48]	Deng S J, Shi Z Y, Diao P P, Yu Q L, Zhai H, Qi R, Wu H B 2016 Science 353 371 Google Scholar
[49]	Xie D Z, Deng T S, Xiao T, Gou W, Chen T, Yi W, Yan B 2020 Phys. Rev. Lett. 124 050502 Google Scholar
[50]	Wang P, Luan C, Qiao M, Um M, Zhang J, Wang Y, Yuan X, Gu M, Zhang J, Kim K 2021 Nat. Commun. 12 233 Google Scholar
[51]	Mei Q X, Li B W, Wu Y K, Cai M L, Wang Y, Yao L, Zhou Z C, Duan L M 2022 Phys. Rev. Lett. 128 160504 Google Scholar
[52]	Li B W, Mei Q X, Wu Y K, Cai M L, Wang Y, Yao L, Zhou Z C, Duan L M 2022 Phys Rev. Lett. 129 140501 Google Scholar
[53]	Yang H X, Ma J Y, Wu Y K, Wang Y, Cao M M, Guo W X, Huang Y Y, Feng L, Zhou Z C, Duan L M 2022 Nat. Phys. 18 1058 Google Scholar
[54]	Zhang Q, Guo Y H, Ji W T, Wang M Q, Yin J, Kong F, Lin Y H, Yin C M, Shi F Z, Wang Y, Du J F 2021 Nat. Commun. 12 1529 Google Scholar
[55]	Wang M Q, Sun H Y, Ye X Y, Yu P, Liu H Y, Zhou J W, Wang P F, Shi F Z, Wang Y, Du J F 2022 Sci. Adv. 8 eabn9573 Google Scholar
[56]	Beullens W 2022 Annual International Cryptology Conference Santa Barbara, CA, USA, August 15–18, 2022 p464
[57]	Castryck W, Decru T 2023 42nd Annual International Conference on the Theory and Applications of Cryptographic Techniques Lyon, France, April 23–27, 2023 pp423–447
[58]	Lu B K, Sun Z, Yang T, et al. 2022 Chin. Phys. Lett. 39 080601 Google Scholar
[59]	Zhang A, Xiong Z X, Chen X T, Jiang Y Y, Wang J Q, Tian C C, Zhu Q, Wang B, Xiong D Z, He L X, Ma L S, Lü B L 2022 Metrologia 59 065009 Google Scholar
[60]	Lu X T, Guo F, Wang Y B, Xu Q F, Zhou C H, Xia J J, Wu W J, Chang H 2023 Metrologia 60 015008 Google Scholar
[61]	Oelker E, Hutson R B, Kennedy C J, Sonderhouse L, Bothwell T, Goban A, Kedar D, Sanner C, Robinson J M, Marti G E, Matei D G, Legero T, Giunta M, Holzwarth R, Riehle F, Sterr U, Ye J 2019 Nat. Photon. 13 714 Google Scholar
[62]	Bothwell T, Kennedy C J, Aeppli A, Kedar D, Robinson J M, Oelker E, Staron A, Ye J 2022 Nature 602 420 Google Scholar
[63]	Takamoto M, Ushijima I, Ohmae N, Yahagi T, Kokado K, Shinkai H, Katori H 2020 Nat. Photon. 14 411 Google Scholar
[64]	Ohmae N, Takamoto M, Takahashi Y, et al. 2021 Advanced Quantum Technologies 4 2100015
[65]	Shen Q, Guan J Y, Ren J G, et al. 2022 Nature 610 661 Google Scholar
[66]	Fan W F, Quan W, Liu F, et al. 2019 Chinese Phys. B 28 110701 Google Scholar
[67]	Yang Y H, Chen D Y, Jin W, Quan W, Liu F, Fang J C 2019 IEEE Access 7 148176 Google Scholar
[68]	Xie H T, Chen B, Long J B, Xue C, Chen L K, Chen S 2020 Chin. Phys. B 29 093701 Google Scholar
[69]	Chen B, Long J B, Xie H T, Li C Y, Chen L K, Jiang B N, Chen S 2020 Chin. Opt. Lett. 18 090201 Google Scholar
[70]	吴彬, 周寅, 程冰, 朱栋, 王凯楠, 朱欣欣, 陈佩军, 翁堪兴, 杨秋海, 林佳宏, 张凯军, 王河林, 林强 2020 物理学报 69 060302 Google Scholar Wu B, Zhou Y, Cheng B, Zhu D, Wang K N, Zhu X X, Chen P J, Weng K X, Yang Q H, Lin J H, Zhang K J, Wang H L, Lin Q 2020 Acta Phys. Sin. 69 060302 Google Scholar
[71]	Xie T Y, Zhao Z Y, Kong X, Ma W C, Wang M Q, Ye X Y, Yu P, Yang Z P, Xu S Y, Wang P F, Wang Y, Shi F Z, Du J F 2021 Sci. Adv. 7 eabg9204 Google Scholar
[72]	Wei K, Zhao T, Fang X J, Xu Z T, Liu C, Cao Q, Wickenbrock A, Hu Y H, Ji W, Fang J C, Budker D 2023 Phys. Rev. Lett. 130 063201 Google Scholar
[73]	Li Z P, Ye J T, Huang X, Jiang P Y, Cao Y, Hong Y, Yu C, Zhang J, Zhang Q, Peng C Z, Xu F, Pan J W 2021 Optica 8 344 Google Scholar
[74]	Wang B, Zheng M Y, Han J J, Huang X, Xie X P, Xu F, Zhang Q, Pan J W 2021 Phys. Rev. Lett. 127 053602 Google Scholar
[75]	Xia T Y, Sun W W, Ebser S, Jiang W, Yang G M, Zhu H M, Fu Y C, Huang F, Ming G D, Xia T, Lu Z T 2023 Nat. Phys. 19 904 Google Scholar
[76]	Xu J Y, Zhu X, Tan S J, Zhang Y, Li B, Tian Y Z, Shan H, Cui X F, Zhao A D, Dong Z C, Yang J L, Luo Y, Wang B, Hou J G 2021 Science 371 818 Google Scholar
[77]	H.R.6227–National Quantum Initiative Act, Smith L https://www.congress.gov/bill/115th-congress/house-bill/6227/text [2018-12-21
[78]	H.R.4346–Chips and Science Act, Ryan T https://www.congress.gov/bill/117th-congress/house-bill/4346 [2021-07-01
[79]	Quantum Technologies Flagship, European Commission https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/quantum-technologies-flagship [2021-10-29
[80]	Space-based Secure Connectivity Initiative, European Commission https://ec.europa.eu/info/law/better-regulation/have-your-say/initiahtives/13189-EU-space-policy-space-based-secure-connectivity-initiative_en [2021-08-26
[81]	Handlungskonzept Quantentechnologien, der Bundesregierung https://qbn.world/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Action-Plan-Quantum-Technologies-by-German-Government-2023-2026.pdf [2023-04-26
[82]	French Research at the Heart of the Quantum Plan, Felix S https://news.cnrs.fr/articles/french-research-at-the-heart-of-the-quantum-plan [2021-02-17
[83]	National Quantum Strategy, GOV. UK https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/national-quantum-strategy/national-quantum-strategy-accessible-webpage [2023-12-14
[84]	Arute F, Arya K, Babbush R, et al. 2019 Nature 574 505 Google Scholar
[85]	Zhao Y W, Ye Y S, Huang H L, et al. 2022 Phys. Rev. Lett. 129 030501 Google Scholar
[86]	Ni Z C, Li S, Deng X W, Cai Y Y, Zhang L B, Wang W T, Yang Z B, Yu H F, Yan F, Liu S, Zou C L, Sun L Y, Zheng S B, Xu Y, Yu D P 2023 Nature 616 56 Google Scholar

[1]	周宗权. 量子存储式量子计算机与无噪声光子回波. 物理学报, 2022, 71(7): 070305. doi: 10.7498/aps.71.20212245
[2]	王宁, 王保传, 郭国平. 硅基半导体量子计算研究进展. 物理学报, 2022, 71(23): 230301. doi: 10.7498/aps.71.20221900
[3]	杨瑞科, 李福军, 武福平, 卢芳, 魏兵, 周晔. 沙尘湍流大气对自由空间量子通信性能影响研究. 物理学报, 2022, 71(22): 220302. doi: 10.7498/aps.71.20221125
[4]	刘瑞熙, 马磊. 海洋湍流对光子轨道角动量量子通信的影响. 物理学报, 2022, 71(1): 010304. doi: 10.7498/aps.71.20211146
[5]	危语嫣, 高子凯, 王思颖, 朱雅静, 李涛. 基于单光子双量子态的确定性安全量子通信. 物理学报, 2022, 71(5): 050302. doi: 10.7498/aps.71.20210907
[6]	陈以鹏, 刘靖阳, 朱佳莉, 方伟, 王琴. 机器学习在量子通信资源优化配置中的应用. 物理学报, 2022, 71(22): 220301. doi: 10.7498/aps.71.20220871
[7]	孙思彤, 丁应星, 刘伍明. 基于线性与非线性干涉仪的量子精密测量研究进展. 物理学报, 2022, 71(13): 130701. doi: 10.7498/aps.71.20220425
[8]	张结印, 高飞, 张建军. 硅和锗量子计算材料研究进展. 物理学报, 2021, 70(21): 217802. doi: 10.7498/aps.70.20211492
[9]	张诗豪, 张向东, 李绿周. 基于测量的量子计算研究进展. 物理学报, 2021, 70(21): 210301. doi: 10.7498/aps.70.20210923
[10]	范桁. 量子计算与量子模拟. 物理学报, 2018, 67(12): 120301. doi: 10.7498/aps.67.20180710
[11]	成健, 冯晋霞, 李渊骥, 张宽收. 基于量子增强型光纤马赫-曾德尔干涉仪的低频信号测量. 物理学报, 2018, 67(24): 244202. doi: 10.7498/aps.67.20181335
[12]	李熙涵. 量子直接通信. 物理学报, 2015, 64(16): 160307. doi: 10.7498/aps.64.160307
[13]	孙恒信, 刘奎, 张俊香, 郜江瑞. 基于压缩光的量子精密测量. 物理学报, 2015, 64(23): 234210. doi: 10.7498/aps.64.234210
[14]	张沛, 周小清, 李智伟. 基于量子隐形传态的无线通信网络身份认证方案. 物理学报, 2014, 63(13): 130301. doi: 10.7498/aps.63.130301
[15]	李申, 马海强, 吴令安, 翟光杰. 全光纤量子通信系统中的高速偏振控制方案. 物理学报, 2013, 62(8): 084214. doi: 10.7498/aps.62.084214
[16]	何锐. 基于超导量子干涉仪与介观LC共振器耦合电路的量子通信. 物理学报, 2012, 61(3): 030303. doi: 10.7498/aps.61.030303
[17]	宋汉冲, 龚黎华, 周南润. 基于量子远程通信的连续变量量子确定性密钥分配协议. 物理学报, 2012, 61(15): 154206. doi: 10.7498/aps.61.154206
[18]	印娟, 钱勇, 李晓强, 包小辉, 彭承志, 杨涛, 潘阁生. 远距离量子通信实验中的高维纠缠源. 物理学报, 2011, 60(6): 060308. doi: 10.7498/aps.60.060308
[19]	周南润, 曾宾阳, 王立军, 龚黎华. 基于纠缠的选择自动重传量子同步通信协议. 物理学报, 2010, 59(4): 2193-2199. doi: 10.7498/aps.59.2193
[20]	周南润, 曾贵华, 龚黎华, 刘三秋. 基于纠缠的数据链路层量子通信协议. 物理学报, 2007, 56(9): 5066-5070. doi: 10.7498/aps.56.5066

计量

文章访问数: 8829
PDF下载量: 728
被引次数: 0

姓名
邮箱
手机号码
标题
留言内容
验证码

搜索

留言板

量子信息科技的发展现状与展望