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Phase gradient meatsurface (PGM) is a new way to control reflective beam and refractive beam. By means of PGM, wave-fronts can be controlled in a more freedom way. The generalized Snell's law was put forward first by Nanfang Yu et al. [Yu N F, Genevet P, Kats M A, Aieta F, Tetienne J P, Capasso F, Gaburro Z 2011 Science 333 334] to describe the anomalous refraction on PGM. Anomalous refraction and out-of-plane reflection were then demonstrated using PGM composed of V-shaped nanoantennas. As deeper research about PGM, many reflective PGMs are also proposed. Typical examples are the reflective PGM using H-shaped resonators by Lei Zhou's group and using split-ring resonators by Shaobo Qu's group, both acting as high-efficiency surface wave couplers. However phase gradient of most PGMs above are achieved in a narrow-band and cannot change the polarizations. Anomalous reflection can only be realized in a certain narrow-band, and anomalous reflective angles cannot be precisely predicted. In this paper, a polarized conversion metasurface based on double-circular metallic resonator is first designed. The conversion successfully achieves ultra-wideband cross-polarization for linearly-polarized waves within a broadband of 12.2 GHz (from 7.9-20.1 GHz) with more than 99% cross-polarized reflectance. On the premise of high efficiency, reflective phase can be regulated by changing geometrical parameter of double-circular metallic structure. Then a broadband one-dimensional dispersive phase gradient metasurface comprised of six unit cells periodically arrayed above substrate is designed and fabricated. The PGM can perfectly achieve anomalous reflection. Measured result about its specular reflectivity is in good agreement with simulated result. Moreover, the measurement results of E-field distribution and anomalous reflective angle nearly accord with simulation results. Anomalous reflective angle is precisely predicted based on the generalized Snell's law. Both simulation and experiment verify that the PGM can make incident waves efficiently coupled as surface waves from 8.9-10 GHz and anomalously reflected in a range from 10 GHz to 18.1 GHz.
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Keywords:
- metasurface /
- polarization conversion /
- phase gradient /
- anomalous reflection
[1] Yu N F, Genevet P, Kats M A, Aieta F, Tetienne J P, Capasso F, Gaburro Z 2011 Science 333 334
[2] Ni X J, Emani N K, Kildishev A V, Boltasseva A, Shalaev V M 2012 Science 335 427
[3] Aieta F, Genevet P, Yu N F, Kats M A, Gaburro Z, Capasso F 2012 Nano Lett. 12 1702
[4] Pinchuk A O, Schatz G C 2007 J. Opt. Soc. Am. 2007 24
[5] Paul O, Reinhard B, Krolla B, Beigang R, Rahm M 2010 Appl. Phys. Lett. 96 241110
[6] Pendry J B, Schurig D, Smith D R 2006 Science 312 1780
[7] Wang J F, Zhang J Q, Ma H, Yang Y M, Wu X, Qu S B, Xu Z, Xia S 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 087802 (in Chinese) [王甲富, 张介秋, 马华,杨一鸣, 吴翔, 屈绍波, 徐卓, 夏颂 2010 物理学报 59 1851]
[8] Zeng R, Xu J P, Yang Y P, Liu S T 2007 Acta Phys. Sin. 56 6446 (in Chinese) [曾然,许静平,羊亚平,刘树田 2007 物理学报 56 6446]
[9] Yu N F, Vier D C, Koschny T, Soukoulis C M 2005 Phys. Rev. E 71 036617
[10] Sun S L, He Q, Xiao S Y, Xu Q, Li X, Zhou L 2012 Nature Materials 11 426
[11] Huang L L, Chen X Z, Bai B F 2013 Science & Applications 2 e70
[12] Huang L L Chen X Z, Holger M, Li G X, Bai B F, Tan Q F, Jin G F, Thomas Z, Zhuang S 2012 Nano Letters 2012 5750
[13] Wang J F, Qu S B, Ma H, Xu Z, Zhang A X, Zhou H, Chen H Y, Li Y Y 2012 Appl. Phys. Lett. 101 201104
[14] Shi H Y, Li J X, Zhang A X, Jiang Y S, Wang J F, Xu Z, Xia S 2014 IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 23 56483
[15] Quan J, Tian Y, Zhang J,Shao L X 2011 Chin. Phys. B 20 047201
[16] Kats A V, Savel'ev S, Yampol'skii V A, Noril F 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett. 98 073901
[17] Wang W S, Zhang L W, Zhang Y W, Fang K 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 024203(in Chinese) [王五松, 张利伟, 张冶文, 方恺 2013 物理学报 62 024203]
[18] Nathaniel K G, Jane E H, Dibakar R C, Zeng Y, Mattew T R, Abul K A, Antoinette J T, Diego A R Dalvit, Chen H T 2013 Science 123 5399
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[1] Yu N F, Genevet P, Kats M A, Aieta F, Tetienne J P, Capasso F, Gaburro Z 2011 Science 333 334
[2] Ni X J, Emani N K, Kildishev A V, Boltasseva A, Shalaev V M 2012 Science 335 427
[3] Aieta F, Genevet P, Yu N F, Kats M A, Gaburro Z, Capasso F 2012 Nano Lett. 12 1702
[4] Pinchuk A O, Schatz G C 2007 J. Opt. Soc. Am. 2007 24
[5] Paul O, Reinhard B, Krolla B, Beigang R, Rahm M 2010 Appl. Phys. Lett. 96 241110
[6] Pendry J B, Schurig D, Smith D R 2006 Science 312 1780
[7] Wang J F, Zhang J Q, Ma H, Yang Y M, Wu X, Qu S B, Xu Z, Xia S 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 087802 (in Chinese) [王甲富, 张介秋, 马华,杨一鸣, 吴翔, 屈绍波, 徐卓, 夏颂 2010 物理学报 59 1851]
[8] Zeng R, Xu J P, Yang Y P, Liu S T 2007 Acta Phys. Sin. 56 6446 (in Chinese) [曾然,许静平,羊亚平,刘树田 2007 物理学报 56 6446]
[9] Yu N F, Vier D C, Koschny T, Soukoulis C M 2005 Phys. Rev. E 71 036617
[10] Sun S L, He Q, Xiao S Y, Xu Q, Li X, Zhou L 2012 Nature Materials 11 426
[11] Huang L L, Chen X Z, Bai B F 2013 Science & Applications 2 e70
[12] Huang L L Chen X Z, Holger M, Li G X, Bai B F, Tan Q F, Jin G F, Thomas Z, Zhuang S 2012 Nano Letters 2012 5750
[13] Wang J F, Qu S B, Ma H, Xu Z, Zhang A X, Zhou H, Chen H Y, Li Y Y 2012 Appl. Phys. Lett. 101 201104
[14] Shi H Y, Li J X, Zhang A X, Jiang Y S, Wang J F, Xu Z, Xia S 2014 IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 23 56483
[15] Quan J, Tian Y, Zhang J,Shao L X 2011 Chin. Phys. B 20 047201
[16] Kats A V, Savel'ev S, Yampol'skii V A, Noril F 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett. 98 073901
[17] Wang W S, Zhang L W, Zhang Y W, Fang K 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 024203(in Chinese) [王五松, 张利伟, 张冶文, 方恺 2013 物理学报 62 024203]
[18] Nathaniel K G, Jane E H, Dibakar R C, Zeng Y, Mattew T R, Abul K A, Antoinette J T, Diego A R Dalvit, Chen H T 2013 Science 123 5399
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