磁性硅烯超晶格中电场调制的谷极化和自旋极化

侯海燕; 姚慧; 李志坚; 聂一行

doi:10.7498/aps.67.20180080

摘要

研究了基于硅烯的静电势超晶格、铁磁超晶格、反铁磁超晶格中谷极化、自旋极化以及赝自旋极化的输运性质，分析了铁磁交换场、反铁磁交换场以及化学势对输运性质的影响，讨论了电场对谷极化、自旋极化以及赝自旋极化的调控作用.结果表明：当3种超晶格的晶格数达到10以上时，在硅烯超晶格中很容易实现100%的谷极化、自旋极化和赝自旋极化，而且通过调节超晶格上的外加电场可以使极化方向发生翻转，从而在硅烯超晶格中实现外电场对谷自由度、自旋自由度以及赝自旋自由度的操控.

关键词:

Abstract

Silicene is a close relative of graphene with a honeycomb lattice structure. However, silicene is unlike the strictly two-dimensional graphene and it has a buckled structure, i.e., the A and B atoms form two sublattice planes with a small vertical separation distance in between. Thus a perpendicular electric field applied to silicene can induce a staggered sublattice potential and different onsite energies in the A and B sublattices. As a result, silicene has a large spin-orbit gap compared with graphene. In addition, the mass of Dirac electrons in silicone is controllable by an external electric field, which leads to several controllable polarized transports in the silicene junction, including valley-, spin-and pseudospin-polarization transport. However, in a single silicone junction the manipulations of polarizations are not ideal. In this work, we consider several silicene-based superlattices in order to effectively control the properties of polarization transport. Using the transfer matrix method, we study valley-, spin-and pseudospin-polarization transport in silicene-based electrostatic potential, ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic superlattices. The effects of ferromagnetic exchange field, antiferromagnetic exchange field and chemical potential on transport properties are analyzed and the roles of electrostatic field in regulating valley-, spin-and pseudospin-polarization are discussed. The ferromagnetic superlattices result in spin-dependent chemical potential in ferromagnetic regime, while Dirac-like mass depends on the antiferromagnetic exchange field and spin. For electrostatic potential superlattice, the pseudospin-polarization occurs and there is no spin-polarixation nor valley-polarization. The peaks of both the pseudospin conductances are completely separated from each other and the pseudospin is completely polarized in the wide range of the zero field for both sides. For ferromagnetic superlattice, the ferromagnetic exchange field and chemical potential lead to the concurrences of spin-and valley-polarizations. The spin-and valley-polarizations can realize a sudden reversal from -1 to +1 by adjusting the electric field. For antiferromagnetic superlattice, the similar properties of spin-and valley-polarizations are observed. Comparing with the ferromagnetic superlattice, only the polarization order is different when the same change is made in the electric field. These results indicate that when the number of lattices in the superlattice is more than 10, the valley-, spin-and pseudospin-polarization reach 100% easily in silicene-based superlattice. The polarization direction can be reversed by adjusting the electric field, which is helpful in manipulating the freedom degrees of valley, spin and pseudospin in silicene superlattice.

Keywords:

作者及机构信息

1.
山西大学理论物理研究所, 量子光学与光量子器件国家重点实验室, 太原 030006;

2.
山西大学极端光学协同创新中心, 太原 030006

通信作者: 聂一行, nieyh@sxu.edu.cn

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（批准号：11274208）和山西省1331工程（批准号：201542030）资助的课题.

Authors and contacts

1.
State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Theoretical Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China;

2.
Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China

Corresponding author: Nie Yi-Hang, nieyh@sxu.edu.cn

Funds: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11274208) and the Shanxi 1331 Project, China (Grant No. 201542030).

参考文献

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[7]	Ezawa M 2013 Phys. Rev. B 87 155415
[8]	Fleurence A, Friedlein R, Ozaki T, Kawai H, Wang Y, Yamada-Takamura Y 2012 Phys. Rev. Lett. 108 245501
[9]	Rycerz A, Tworzydo J, Beenakker C 2007 Nat. Phys. 3 172
[10]	Xu X D, Yao W, Xiao D, Heinz T F 2014 Nat. Phys. 10 343
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[12]	Wu G Y, Lue N Y, Chen Y C 2013 Phys. Rev. B 88 125422
[13]	Castro Neto A H, Guinea F, Peres N M R, Novoselov K S, Geim A K 2009 Rev. Mod. Phys. 81 109
[14]	Chantngarm P, Yamada K, Soodchomshom B 2016 Superlattices and Microstructures 94 13
[15]	Pham C H, Nguyen V L 2015 J. Phys:Condens. Matter 27 095302
[16]	Meyer J C, Girit C O, Crommie M F, Zettl A 2008 Appl. Phys. Lett. 92 123110
[17]	Zhang Q, Chen K S, Li J 2016 Sci. Rep. 6 33701
[18]	Missault N, Vasilopoulos P, Vargiamidis V, Peeters F M, Duppen B V 2015 Phys. Rev. B 92 195423
[19]	Missault N, Vasilopoulos P, Peeters F M, Duppen B V 2016 Phys. Rev. B 93 125425
[20]	Niu Z P, Zhang Y M, Dong S H 2015 New J. Phys. 17 073026
[21]	Zhang Y, Sun J, Guo Y 2018 J. Phys. D:Appl. Phys. 51 045303
[22]	Yokoyama T 2013 Phys. Rev. B 87 241409
[23]	Yokoyama T 2014 New J. Phys. 16 085005
[24]	Soodchomshom B 2014 J. Appl. Phys. 115 023706
[25]	Haugen H, Daniel H H, Arne B 2008 Phys. Rev. B 77 115406

施引文献

[1]	de Padova P, Quaresima C, Ottaviani C, Sheverdyaeva P M, Moras P, Carbone C, Topwal D, Olivieri B, Kara A, Oughaddou H, Aufray B, Lay G L 2010 Appl. Phys. Lett. 96 261905
[2]	Vogt P, de Padova P, Quaresima C, Avila J, Frantzeskakis E, Asensio M C, Resta A, Ealet B, Lay G L 2012 Phys. Rev. Lett. 108 155501
[3]	Liu C C, Jiang H, Yao Y 2011 Phys. Rev. B 84 195430
[4]	Chen L, Liu C C, Feng B, He X, Cheng P, Ding Z, Meng S, Yao Y, Wu K 2012 Phys. Rev. Lett. 109 056804
[5]	Ezawa M 2012 New J. Phys. 14 033003
[6]	Ezawa M 2012 Phys. Rev. Lett. 109 055502
[7]	Ezawa M 2013 Phys. Rev. B 87 155415
[8]	Fleurence A, Friedlein R, Ozaki T, Kawai H, Wang Y, Yamada-Takamura Y 2012 Phys. Rev. Lett. 108 245501
[9]	Rycerz A, Tworzydo J, Beenakker C 2007 Nat. Phys. 3 172
[10]	Xu X D, Yao W, Xiao D, Heinz T F 2014 Nat. Phys. 10 343
[11]	Tikhonenko F V, Horsell D W, Gorbachev R V, Savchenko A K 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett. 100 056802
[12]	Wu G Y, Lue N Y, Chen Y C 2013 Phys. Rev. B 88 125422
[13]	Castro Neto A H, Guinea F, Peres N M R, Novoselov K S, Geim A K 2009 Rev. Mod. Phys. 81 109
[14]	Chantngarm P, Yamada K, Soodchomshom B 2016 Superlattices and Microstructures 94 13
[15]	Pham C H, Nguyen V L 2015 J. Phys:Condens. Matter 27 095302
[16]	Meyer J C, Girit C O, Crommie M F, Zettl A 2008 Appl. Phys. Lett. 92 123110
[17]	Zhang Q, Chen K S, Li J 2016 Sci. Rep. 6 33701
[18]	Missault N, Vasilopoulos P, Vargiamidis V, Peeters F M, Duppen B V 2015 Phys. Rev. B 92 195423
[19]	Missault N, Vasilopoulos P, Peeters F M, Duppen B V 2016 Phys. Rev. B 93 125425
[20]	Niu Z P, Zhang Y M, Dong S H 2015 New J. Phys. 17 073026
[21]	Zhang Y, Sun J, Guo Y 2018 J. Phys. D:Appl. Phys. 51 045303
[22]	Yokoyama T 2013 Phys. Rev. B 87 241409
[23]	Yokoyama T 2014 New J. Phys. 16 085005
[24]	Soodchomshom B 2014 J. Appl. Phys. 115 023706
[25]	Haugen H, Daniel H H, Arne B 2008 Phys. Rev. B 77 115406

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