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本文基于Pancharatnam-Berry相位原理和相变材料二氧化钒的复合相位调控机制，设计了一种波束转向可控的反射型超表面。基于Pancharatnam-Berry相位原理对超表面单元顶层结构进行旋转编码，获得所需的相位梯度，而超表面二氧化钒层绝缘态-金属态的转换，可使预设超表面的相位梯度改变，进而改变反射波束的转向。仿真测试结果表明：当二氧化钒处于绝缘态时，在1.1~2.0 THz工作频段内，超表面可使垂直入射的圆极化波以特定的角度出射，其反射效率大于80%；当二氧化钒处于金属态时，对于同一超表面的相同工作频段，超表面将入射的太赫兹波镜面反射，反射效率接近100%。这一设计对未来太赫兹反射波束调控领域具有潜在的应用价值。Terahertz metasurface functional devices have attracted extensive attention from researchers as an effective method to control terahertz waves. In order to enhance the functionality and flexibility of the metasurface and adapt to diverse application scenarios and demands, this paper designs a beam-steering controllable reflective metasurface by combining the Pancharatnam-Berry phase principle and the phase change material vanadium dioxide. The metasurface unit consists of five layers, the top layer is a metal patterned layer, the third layer of vanadium dioxide is located between different thicknesses of the dielectric layer, the material of the dielectric layer is PTFE, and the bottom layer is a metal reflective layer. The metasurface unit are rotated based on the Pancharatnam-Berry phase principle to obtain four metasurface units with fixed phase differences, after which the metasurface units are arranged in two dimensions based on the generalized Snell reflection law to obtain the desired phase-gradient deflected reflection beam. The insulating state-metallic state transition of the vanadium dioxide layer on the metasurface can change the phase gradient of the preset metasurface, thus realizing the on-off of the deflection function. The simulation results show that: when the vanadium dioxide is in the insulating state, the phase gradient of the designed metasurface, the metasurface can deflect the vertically incident circularly polarized wave with specific angle anomalies within the operating band of 1.1~2.0 THz; when the vanadium dioxide is in the metallic state, for the same operating band of the same metasurface, the phase gradient of the metasurface disappears, and the metasurface mirror reflection vertically incident circularly polarized waves, realizing of function switching. This design provides new possibilities in the field of terahertz reflected beam modulation, which will have potential applications in terahertz wireless communication and radar systems.
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Keywords:
- Terahertz /
- Encoding metasurfaces /
- Beam control
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