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连续变量量子密钥分发协议(Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution, CV-QKD)在光纤信道中已经展现出获得更高安全码率的能力，但是CV-QKD协议可容忍的信道衰减相对较低，空间衍射、大气折射、信号衰减和湍流等实际因素都会影响空间信道中CV-QKD协议的可行性。本文研究了实际空间信道环境下离散调制CV-QKD协议的可行性，分析了空间衍射和大气衰减、湍流信道退化模型对于空间信道离散调制CV-QKD协议的影响，讨论了卫星轨道高度、天顶角、接收器孔径、束腰尺寸和过量噪声等实际参数对空间离散调制CV-QKD的密钥生成率影响，搭建了星地动态运动场景仿真分析了实际环境下空间信道离散调制CV-QKD协议的可行性，仿真结果可为空间信道离散调制CV-QKD实验的设计和优化提供参考。
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关键词:
- 空间信道 /
- 连续变量量子密钥分发 /
- 星地下行链路 /
- 离散调制
Continuous Variable Quantum Key Distribution (CV-QKD) has emerged as a promising candidate for quantum-secure communication due to its experimentally demonstrated high key rates in fiber-optic channels. However, the feasibility of discrete modulation CV-QKD in satellite-to-ground downlinks remains an open question due to practical challenges such as high transmission loss, limited communication windows, and atmospheric turbulence. In this paper, a comprehensive framework is proposed to evaluate the feasibility of discrete modulation CV-QKD by integrating orbital dynamics and atmospheric channel models, with a full analysis of the impact of the parameter space on free-space discrete modulation CV-QKD. To achieve this, a free-space CV-QKD simulation platform is employed, which calculates the elevation angle and transmission distance based on precise orbital models, thereby providing a more practical assessment of the key rate for discrete modulation CV-QKD. Simulation results verify the feasibility and practicality of discrete modulation CV-QKD in satellite-based quantum communication systems. Furthermore, critical factors affecting the key rate performance are identified, and parameter optimization strategies are proposed, offering theoretical support for the future implementation of satellite-to-ground discrete modulation CV-QKD.-
Keywords:
- space channel /
- continuous-variable quantum key distribution /
- satellite underground links /
- discrete modulation
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