渔网超结构的等离激元模式及其对薄膜电池的陷光调控

姜悦; 王淑英; 王治业; 周华; 卡马勒; 赵颂; 沈向前

doi:10.7498/aps.70.20210693

摘要

渔网超结构具有平面、近光学无损、特定光场中可以激发表面等离激元等特点, 在增强光子器件的响应效率方面极具潜力. 本文基于时域有限差分方法和严格耦合波分析, 系统研究了渔网超结构的等离共振模式及其对晶硅薄膜电池的光波调控性能. 研究结果表明, 渔网结构对光波的吸收、散射和消光特性强烈依赖金属层的厚度、线宽、周期等特征参数. 通过优化设计, 使共振峰红移至770 nm, 相对消光截面达到1.69, 同时散射光在消光光谱中占据主导地位. 以此构筑的响应层厚度为2 μm的晶硅薄膜电池在波长大于800 mm的波段吸收效率显著增强, 电池最终的能量转换效率从6.67%提高到了8.25%. 光强分布显示, 共振导致的背向散射增强和光子传播方向的大角度偏转是实现电池响应增益的重要原因.

关键词:

Abstract

The fishnet metastructure has plane, near-optical lossless characteristic, and can excite surface plasmons in a specific light field. It has great potential in enhancing the response efficiency of photonic devices. Based on the finite difference time domain method and rigorous coupled wave analysis, in this paper, we systematically study the plasmon resonance mode of the fishnet metastructure and its light wave regulation performance on the crystalline silicon thin film solar cells. The research results show that the characteristics of absorption, scattering and extinction for the fishnet structure strongly depend on the thickness, line width, period and other characteristic parameters of the metal layer. Through optimizing the design, the resonant peak is red-shifted to 770 nm, and the relative extinction cross-section reaches 1.69, and the scattered light occupies a dominant position in the extinction spectrum. The crystalline silicon thin film solar cell with a response layer thickness of 2 μm constructed in this way has a significantly enhanced absorption efficiency in the wavelength band greater than 800 nm, and the final energy conversion efficiency of the device increases from 6.67% to 8.25%. The light intensity distribution shows that the enhanced backscattering caused by resonance and the large-angle deflection of the photon propagation direction are important reasons for the response gain of the solar cell.

Keywords:

作者及机构信息

1.
新疆大学物理科学与技术学院, 新疆固态物理与器件重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐　830046

2.
山东大学物理学院, 济南　250100

通信作者: 沈向前, sxqlyq@xju.edu.cn

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(批准号: 11804050)、新疆自治区高校科研计划(自然科学项目)(批准号: XJEDU2017S004) 和新疆自治区自然科学基金(批准号: 2018D01C048)资助的课题.

Authors and contacts

1.
Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Devices, School of Physical Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China

2.
School of Physics, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China

Corresponding author: Shen Xiang-Qian, sxqlyq@xju.edu.cn

Funds: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11804050), the Higher Education Research Program of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China (Grant No. XJEDU2017S004), and the Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China (Grant No. 2018D01C048).

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参考文献

[1]	Sobhani F, Heidarzadeh H, Bahador H 2020 Chin. Phys. B 29 068401
[2]	Deceglie M G, Ferry V E, Alivisatos A P 2012 Nano Lett. 12 2894 Google Scholar
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施引文献

图 1 渔网超结构及相应陷光电池的仿真模型　(a)渔网结构电池示意图; (b)渔网结构及相应参数示意图; (c)模拟周期

Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of fishnet metastructure and the simulation model of solar cell with fishnet metastructure: (a) Schematic diagram of solar cell with fishnet metastructure; (b) the detail and design parameters of the fishnet metastructure; (c) top view of the schematic of the unit cell for the simulation.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 渔网超结构的吸收(a1), (b1), (c1), 散射(a2), (b2), (c2)及消光(a3), (b3), (c3)光谱随特征参数的变化关系　(a1)−(a3) 厚度; (b1)−(b3) 周期; (c1)−(c3) 宽度

Fig. 2. Dependence of absorption (a1), (b1), (c1), scattering (a2), (b2), (c2) and extinction (a3), (b3), (c3) spectra of fishnet metastructure on its characteristic parameters: (a1)−(a3) Thickness; (b1)−(b3) period; (c1)−(c3) width.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 渔网超结构薄晶硅电池的光电响应特性　(a)优化后渔网超结构的消光、散射及吸收光谱; (b)不同结构薄晶硅电池及渔网超结构的反射和吸收光谱; (c)不同结构薄晶硅电池的伏安特性曲线; (d)渔网超结构薄晶硅电池的剖面光强分布

Fig. 3. Photoelectric response characteristics of thin film silicon solar cell with fishnet metastructure: (a) Extinction, scattering and absorption spectra of fishnet metastructure with optimal parameter; (b) the reflection and absorption spectrum of silicon thin film solar cells and fishnet metastructure with different structures; (c) the current voltage characteristic curves of silicon thin film solar cells with different structures; (d) light intensity distribution of vertical section of silicon thin film solar cell with fishnet metastructure.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 渔网超结构的截面光强分布　(a) X方向偏振光强; (b) Y方向偏振光强

Fig. 4. Light intensity distribution of cross-section of fishnet metastructure: (a) X polarized direction; (b) Y polarized direction.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

[1]	Sobhani F, Heidarzadeh H, Bahador H 2020 Chin. Phys. B 29 068401
[2]	Deceglie M G, Ferry V E, Alivisatos A P 2012 Nano Lett. 12 2894 Google Scholar
[3]	Shen X Q, Wang Q K, Wangyang P H 2016 IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 28 1477 Google Scholar
[4]	Pylypova O, Havryliuk O, Antonin S, Evtukh A, Skryshevsky V, Ivanov I, Shmahlii S 2021 Appl. Nanosci. DOI: 10.1007/s13204-021-01699-6
[5]	丁东, 杨仕娥, 陈永生, 郜小勇, 谷锦华, 卢景霄 2015 物理学报 64 248801 Google Scholar Ding D, Yang S E, Chen Y S, Gao X Y, Gu J H, Lu J X 2015 Acta Phys. Sin. 64 248801 Google Scholar
[6]	宫步青, 陈小雨, 王伟鹏, 王治业, 周华, 沈向前 2020 物理学报 69 188801 Google Scholar Gong B Q, Chen X Y, Wang W P, Wang Z Y, Zhou H, Shen X Q 2020 Acta Phys. Sin. 69 188801 Google Scholar
[7]	彭新村, 王智栋, 邓文娟, 朱志甫, 邹继军, 张益军 2020 物理学报 69 068501 Google Scholar Peng X S, Wang Z D, Deng W J, Zhu Z F, Zhou J J, Zhang Y J 2020 Acta Phys. Sin. 69 068501 Google Scholar
[8]	刘亮, 韩德专, 石磊 2020 物理学报 69 157301 Google Scholar Liu L, Han D Z, Shi L 2020 Acta Phys. Sin. 69 157301 Google Scholar
[9]	Saive R, Atwater H A 2018 Opt. Express 26 A275 Google Scholar
[10]	Jang Y H, Jang Y J, Kim S, Quan L N, Chung K, Kim D H 2016 Chem. Rev. 116 14982 Google Scholar
[11]	Lee J Y, Peumans P 2010 Opt. Express 18 10078 Google Scholar
[12]	Spinelli P, Polman A 2012 Opt. Express 20 A641 Google Scholar
[13]	Mandal P, Sharma S 2016 Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev. 65 537 Google Scholar
[14]	Ueno K, Oshikiri T, Sun Q, Shi X, Misawa H 2018 Chem. Rev. 118 2955 Google Scholar
[15]	吴丰, 郭志伟, 吴家驹, 江海涛, 杜桂强 2020 物理学报 69 154205 Google Scholar Wu F, Guo Z W, Wu, J J, Jiang H T, Du G Q 2020 Acta Phys. Sin. 69 154205 Google Scholar
[16]	Dai Z G, Hu G W, Ou Q D, Zhang L, Xia F N, Garcia V F J, Qiu C W, Bao Q L 2020 Chem. Rev. 120 592
[17]	吴晗, 吴竞宇, 陈卓 2020 物理学报 69 010201 Google Scholar Wu H, Wu J Y, Chen Z 2020 Acta Phys. Sin. 69 010201 Google Scholar
[18]	Yang J, Sauvan C, Liu H T, Lalann P 2011 Phys. Rev. Lett. 107 043903 Google Scholar
[19]	Hamm J M, Wuestner S, Tsakmakidis K L, Hess O 2011 Phys. Rev. Lett. 107 167405 Google Scholar
[20]	Ji L, Varadan V V 2011 J. Appl. Phys. 110 043114 Google Scholar
[21]	Seal S, Budhraja V, Ji L, Varadan V V 2015 Int. J. Photoenergy 46 910619 Google Scholar
[22]	Zhou H, Xie J, Mai M F, Wang J, Shen X Q, Wang S Y, Zhang L H, Kisslinger K, Wang H Q, Zhang J X, Ke S M, Zeng X R 2018 ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 10 16160 Google Scholar
[23]	Feng N N, Jurgen M, Zeng L R, Liu J F, Hong C Y, Lionel C K, Duan X M, 2007 IEEE Trans. Electron Devices 54 1926 Google Scholar

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渔网超结构的等离激元模式及其对薄膜电池的陷光调控